The Hippos of Troy

Francesco Tiboni graduated with a degree in Prehistory from the University of Milan and a PhD in Naval Archaeology from the Centre Camille Jullian - Université Aix-Marseille in France. He has directed dozens of underwater archaeological research projects in Italy and abroad, including the recovery of three wrecks, two of which date to the Roman era. He has published books and articles on the themes of nautical archaeology, underwater archaeology and naval archaeology and history.

Preface ;



Introduction ;


Archaeology at Troy ;


Was it a horse? ;



The Naval Dimension of Homer ;


The Nautical Dimension of the Homeric World ;


Homer as a Source for Naval Archaeology ;



The Naval Context of the Homeric Narration of the Last Night of Troy ;


The Wooden Horse in Ancient texts ;


The original version of the δουρατέος ἵππος of Troy: Homer ;


Structural elements of the δουρατέος ἵππος of Troy: Vergil ;



The Wooden Horse of Troy in Classical Art ;


The Iconography of the Wooden Horse in Ancient Greece ;


The Iconography of the Wooden Horse in Rome ;



The Hippos Ships in the Ancient Mediterranean ;


Textual evidence of the ἵππος ship ;


Iconography of the ἵππος ship ;


Direct evidence of the ἵππος ship ;


The ἵππος ship and the Trojan War ;



Why Homer never talked about a horse ;


Homer’s words in their proper context ;


The deception planned by Athena Pallas ;


From the Ship to the Wooden Horse of Troy ;



Bibliography ;


Ancient Authors