Learning and Behavior

MARK E. BOUTON is Professor of Psychology at the University of Vermont, USA, and a leading researcher in the field of animal learning, cognition, and behavior. He has been a Fulbright Scholar, a James McKeen Cattell Scholar, a University Scholar at the University of Vermont, and a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (Stanford). He is a Fellow of the American Psychological Association and the Association for Psychological Science, and was Editor of the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, the field's most prestigious journal, from

LEARNING THEORY: WHAT IT IS AND HOW IT GOT THIS WAY - Philosophical Roots - Biological Roots - A Science of Learning and Behavior - Tools for Analyzing Learning and Behavior - Summary - LEARNING AND ADAPTATION - Evolution and Behavior - Adaptation in Instrumental Conditioning - Adaptation in Classical Conditioning - Other Parallels between Signal and Response Learning - Summary - THE NUTS AND BOLTS OF CONDITIONING - The Basic Conditioning Experiment - Methods for Studying Classical Conditioning - Things That Affect the Strength of Conditioning - Conditioned Inhibition - Information Value in Conditioning - Summary - THEORIES OF CONDITIONING - The Rescorla-Wagner Model - Some Problems with the Rescorla-Wagner Model - The Role of Attention in Conditioning - Short-Term Memory and Learning - Nodes, Connections, and Conditioning - Summary - WHAT EVER HAPPENED TO BEHAVIOR, ANYWAY? - Memory and Learning - The Modulation of Behavior - Understanding the Nature of the Conditioned Response - Summary - ARE THE LAWS OF CONDITIONING GENERAL? - Everything You Know is Wrong - Special Characteristics of Flavor Aversion Learning - Some Reasons Why Learning Laws May Be General - Associative Learning in Honey Bees and Humans - Conclusion - Summary - BEHAVIOR AND ITS CONSEQUENCES - Basic Tools and Issues - The Relationship between Behavior and Payoff - Theories of Reinforcement - Summary - HOW STIMULI GUIDE INSTRUMENTAL ACTION - Introduction - Categorization and Discrimination - Basic Processes of Generalization and Discrimination - Another Look at the Information Processing System - The Cognition of Time - The Cognition of Space - Summary - THE MOTIVATION OF INSTRUMENTAL ACTION - How Motivational States Affect Behavior - Anticipating Reward and Punishment - Dynamic Effects of Motivating Stimuli - Summary - A SYNTHETIC PERSPECTIVE ON INSTRUMENTAL ACTION - Avoidance Learning - Parallels in Appetitive Learning - A Cognitive Analysis of Instrumental Action - Summary