Theory of Mental Tests

Harold Gulliksen

1. INTRODUCTION, 2. BASIC EQUATIONS DERIVED FROM A DEFINITION OF RANDOM ERROR, 3. FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS DERIVED FROM A DEFINITION OF TRUE SCORE, 4. ERRORS OF MEASUREMENT, SUBSTITUTION, AND PREDICTION, 5. VARIOUS INTERPRETATIONS OF THE ERROR OF MEASUREMENT, 6. EFFECT OF DOUBLING TEST LENGTH ON OTHER TEST PARAMETERS, 7. EFFECT OF TEST ON MEAN AND (GENERAL CASE), 8. EFFECT OF TEST LENGTH ON RELIABILITY (GENERAL CASE), 9. EFFECT OF TEST LENGTH ON VALIDITY (GENERAL CASE), 10. EFFECT OF GROUP HETEROGENEITY ON TEST RELIABILITY, 11. EFFECT OF GROUP HETEROGENEITY ON VALIDITY (BIVARIATE CASE), 12. CORRECTION FOR UNIVARIATE SELECTION IN THE THREE-VARIABLE CASE, 13. CORRECTION FOR MULTIVARIATE SELECTION IN THE GENERAL CASE, 14. A STATISTICAL CRITERION FOR PARALLEL TESTS, 15. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS OF OBTAINING TEST RELIABILITY, 16. RELIABILITY ESTIMATED FROM ITEM HOMOGENEITY, 17. SPEED VERSUS POWER TESTS, 18. METHODS OF SCORING TESTS, 19. METHODS OF STANDARDIZING AND EQUATING TEST SCORES, 20. PROBLEMS OF WEIGHTING AND DIFFERENTIAL PREDICTION, BIBLIOGRAPHY, APPENDIX A. EQUATIONS FROM ALGEBRA, ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY, AND STATISTICS, USED IN TEST THEORY, APPENDIX B. TABLE OF ORDINATES AND AREAS OF THE NORMAL CURVE, APPENDIX C. SAMPLE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS IN STATISTICS FOR USE AS A REVIEW EXAMINATION AT THE BEGINNING OF THE COURSE IN TEST THEORY, APPENDIX D. SAMPLE EXAMINATION ITEMS IN TEST THEORY, ANSWERS TO PROBLEMS, AUTHOR INDEX, TOPIC INDEX