Proliferation and Bifurcation of the Sufi Orders in Twentieth-Century Egypt

Frederick de Jong Ph.D. (1977), Leiden University. Chair of Islamic Languages and Cultures in Utrecht University (1984-2009). Major publications concern Sufi orders, Muslim minorities in South-Eastern Europe and in Turkey, in addition to Uyghur language and culture.

Preface

Introduction

1.- Ṣūfī Orders and their Shaykhs in the Early Twentieth Century

2.-The Abrogation of Qadam and the Proliferation of Ṭuruq

3.-Muḥammad Bakhīt al-Muṭīʿī and his fatwās

4.-Notions of Bidʿa and calls for Iṣlāḥ: the Era of ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd al-Bakrī (1912-1940)

5.-The enigmatic shaykh: Aḥmad Murād al-Bakrī (1940-1947)

6.- Aḥmād al-Ṣāwī (1947-1957): recruiting supporters

7.- The Socialist Era: Muḥammad Maḥmūd al-ʿIlwān (1957-1969)

8.- Ṭuruq Ḥurra: Variety explored. Legal Status and Modi Operandi

9.- The Sufi Orders under Muḥammad Maḥmūd Baḥbaḥ al-Ṣuṭūḥī (1970-1982)

10.- The Law of 1976 on the Organization of the Sufi Orders, and the Implementing Regulation of 1978

Epilogue



Appendix I: Schedule of the festivities for the birth of the Prophet in 1915

Appendix II: English Translation of the Law on the Organization of the Sufi Orders of 1976



References

Indices