Tolkien and the Kalevala

Jyrki Korpua, PhD, is a researcher of literature at the University of Oulu. His books include Alussa oli Sana – Raamattu ja kirjallisuus (“The Bible and Literature”, 2016, in Finnish), New Perspectives to Dystopian Fiction (2020, edited with Saija Isomaa & Jouni Teittinen) and The Mythopoeic Code of Tolkien: A Christian Platonic Reading of the Legendarium (2021). His research interests include theological literary history, utopian and dystopian studies, Tolkien studies, and mythopoetic game studies.

Preface

Acknowledgements

1. Introduction

2. From folk tradition to fantasy

On J. R. R. Tolkien

On role models, ancient heroes

The Kalevalas of Lönnrot

The Kalevala Tolkien knew

Tolkien’s works

What did Tolkien think of the Kalevala?

The merging of Finnish language and the Kalevala in Tolkien

3. The story of the Kalevala and Tolkien’s fantasy world

World creation and world order

Song battles and quests before marriage

The Sampo and the Silmarils

Interludes

The end of the tale

4 The Kalevalaic parts of Tolkien’s world

The might of singing, music and words

Nature and the elements

On Väinämöinen

On Louhi

On Ilmarinen

On Kullervo

5. Conclusion

Bibliography

Index