Environment and Ecology in the Long Nineteenth-Century

Dr Mark Frost, Senior Lecturer in English Literature, University of Portsmouth, UK

Volume II: Popular, Cultural, Social, Political, and Ecological Perspectives on Environment, 1789–1858

General Introduction

Introduction to Volume II

Part 1. Popular Geology

1. ‘Progress of the Sciences: Geology’, The Literary Gazette: A Weekly Journal of Literature, Science, and the Fine Arts 18 (24 May 1817), 278-9

2. Wilhelm Gottlieb Tilesius von Tilenau, The Mammoth, or Fossil Elephant, found in the Ice, at the Mouth of the River Lena, in Siberia (London: W.M. Phillips, 1819)

3. G. Cumberland, ‘Fossil Saurians’, The Gentleman’s Magazine: and Historical Chronicle (Jun 1829), 629-30

4. ‘Lyell’s Principles of Geology’, The Literary Gazette: A Weekly Journal of Literature, Science, and the Fine Arts 708 (14 Aug 1830), 524–6

5. Gideon Mantell, ‘Lecture IV’, The Wonders of Geology; or, A Familiar Exposition of Geological Phenomena; Being the Substance of a Course of Lectures Delivered at Brighton, 2 vols, Vol. 1. (London: Relfe & Fletcher, 1838), 349-51, 354-6, 359-60

6. ‘Fossil Reptiles’, The Penny Satirist 4:189 (28 Nov 1840), 1

7. Alfred Lord Tennyson, In Memoriam (Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1854 [1850]), 84-7

8. ‘Skeleton of Megatherium Restored. British Museum Mineralogical Gallery’, The Lady’s Newspaper & Pictorial Times 170 (30 Mar 1850), 1

9. ‘A Novel Dinner Party’, The Lady’s Newspaper & Pictorial Times 367 (7 Jan 1854), 4

10. J. B. Doyle, Tours in Ulster: a Handbook to the Antiquities and Scenery of the North of Ireland (Dublin: Hodges & Smith, 1855 [1854]), 103-6

11. H. G. Adams, ‘Hours with the Antediluvians. In Four Parts, Chapter III, The Reptile Period’, The Ladies’ Cabinet of Fashion, Music and Romance, (1 Mar 1857), 126–8

Part 2. Popular Geography

12. H., ‘On Geography’, Le Belle Assemblée, or, Bell’s Court and Fashionable Magazine Addressed Particularly to the Ladies 1:10 (Nov 1806), 539-41

13. Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, ‘Geographical Lesson’, Harmonies of Nature, 3 vols., Vol. I, trans. W. Meeston (London: Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, 1815)

14. Robert Mudie, ‘General Features of the Earth – Eastern Continent, Continued’, The Earth (Philadelphia: Crey, Lea and Blanchard, 1836), 81-4

15. James Pillans, Elements of Physical and Classical Geography (London: William Blackwood & Sons, 1854), xxviii-xxxii

16. Maria, E. Catlow, ‘The Colder Temperate Zone’, Popular Geography of Plants; Or, A Botanical Excursion Round the World, ed. Charles Daubeny (London: Lovell Reeve, 1855), 44-8

17. Sir James Emerson Tennent, ‘Physical Geography’, Ceylon; an Account of the Island Physical, Historical, and Topographical with Notices of Its Natural History, Antiquities and Productions 2 vols, Vol. 1 (5th ed) (London: Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts, 1860 [1859]), 4-5, 24-7

Part 3. Popular Natural History

18. Thomas Bewick, ‘Preface’, ‘Introduction’, and ‘The Martin’, A History of British Birds, 2 vols., vol. 1 (London: Longman, 1809 [1797]), iii-iv, vii-viii, 261-2

19. William Bicknell, ‘Preface’, ‘Man’, ‘The Dog’, Scripture, Natural History, and Guide to General Zoology (London: Biggs & Co., 1800)

20. Fenwick Skrimshire, ‘Essay I. Introductory’, A Series of Essays Introductory to the Study of Natural History (London: Biggs & Co., 1800)

21. ‘Calendar of Nature’, Examiner 580 (7 Feb 1819), 95–6

22. ‘Sketches of Natural History No. XVI’, The Lady’s Monthly Museum 18 (1 Dec 1823), 323–7

23. ‘Curious Facts in Natural History’, Bell’s Life in London and Sporting Chronicle 5:253 (31 Dec 1826), 1

24. ‘Gleanings in Natural History’, The Ladies’ Cabinet of Fashion, Music and Romance 8:4 (1 Oct 1835), 220–7

25. ‘The Economy and Harmony of Nature. II. The Animal Kingdom’, The Saturday Magazine 8:247 (7 May 1836), 182–3

26. ‘Natural History’, Cleave’s London Satirist and Gazette of Variety (14 Oct 1837), 3

27. ‘The Pleasures of Natural History’, The Lady’s Newspaper & Pictorial Times 63 (11 Mar 1848), 198

Part 4. Popular Botany

28. William Mavor, The Lady’s and Gentleman’s Botanical Pocket Book; adapted to Withering’s Arrangement of British Plants. Intended to Facilitate and Promote the Study of Indigenous Botany (London: Vernor and Hood, 1800), v-x

29. ‘Botany. Directions for forming a Collection of dried Plants, or Hortus Siccus’, Le Belle Assemblée, or, Bell’s Court and Fashionable Magazine Addressed Particularly to the Ladies 1:1 (1 Feb 1806), 42–3

30. Mary Roberts, The Wonders of the Vegetable Kingdom Displayed, In a Series of Letters (London: G and W.B. Whittaker, 1822).

31. ‘The Night-Blowing Cereus (Cactus grandiflora)’, The Saturday Magazine 10:311 (6 May 1837), 176

32. Mary Roberts, ‘Preface’, ‘Lichens’, ‘Mosses’, Voices from the Woodlands, Descriptive of Forest Trees, Ferns, Mosses, and Lichens (London: Reeve, Benham, and Reeve, 1850)

33. Arthur Henfrey, The Vegetation of Europe, its Conditions and Causes (London: John Van Voorst, 1852), 1-2, 6-10

34. ‘Popular Botany in Scotland’, The Ladies’ Cabinet of Fashion, Music and Romance (1 Nov 1852), 264

35. M. R., ‘A Day Among the Ferns and Wild Flowers’, The Englishwoman’s Review: A Journal of Woman’s Work 57 (14 Aug 1858), 73

Part 5. Gardens and Horticulture

36. John Fallowfield, The Husbandman and Tradesman’s Gardening Calendar, with Directions to Manage the Kitchen, Fruit, and Flower Garden, Through the Year, Adapted for the North of England. To Which is Added, Instructions for the Ordering of Bees, According to the Latest and Most Improved Methods (Preston: Walker’s Office, 1791), 7-12

37. William Curtis, ‘Syringa Vulgaris. Common Lilac’, The Botanical Magazine or, Flower Garden Displayed In Which the Most Ornamental Foreign Plants, Cultivated in the Open Ground, the Green-House, and the Stove, are Accurately Represented in their Natural Colours; To Which are added Their Names, Class, Order, Generic and Specific Characters, According to the Celebrated Linnæus; their Places of Growth, and Times of Flowering: Together with the Most Approved Methods of Culture, 13 vols., Vol. 6 (London: Stephen Couchman, 1793)

38. Humphrey Repton, ‘Introduction’, ‘Of the Ancient Style of Gardening’, Sketches and Hints of Landscape Gardening Collected from Designs and Observations now in the Possession of the Different Noblemen and Gentlemen for Whose Use They Were Originally Made, the Whole Tending to Establish Fixed Principles in the Art of Laying Out Ground (London: W. Bulmer, 1794), xiii-xiv, 42-47

39. Uvedale Price, An Essay on the Picturesque, As Compared with the Sublime and the Beautiful; And, on the Use of Studying Pictures for the Purposes of Improving Real Landscape (London: J. Robson, 1794), 1-2, 183-4, 187-93, 206-10.

40. Memoirs, Historical and Illustrative, of the Botanick Garden at Chelsea (London: R. Gilbert, 1820), 101-9, 11

41. Maria E. Jacson, The Florist’s Manual, Or, Hints for the Construction of a Gay Flower-Garden; with Directions for Preventing the Depredations of Insects, with Observations on the Treatment and Growth of Bulbous Plants, Curious Facts Respecting their Management, and Directions for the Culture of the Guernsey Lily Amaryllis Sarniensis (London: Henry Colburn and Co., 1822), 1-11

42. John Rogers, ‘Introduction’, ‘The Formation of a Kitchen Garden’, ‘Indian Cress’, The Vegetable Cultivator: Containing a Plain and Accurate Description of all the Different Species and Varieties of Culinary Vegetables; With the Most Approved Method of Cultivating them by Natural and Artificial Means, and the Best Mode of Cooking them, Alphabetically Arranged, Together with a Description of the Physical Herbs in General Use &c. (London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longman, 1839), iii-vi, xiii-xv, 123-5

43. Jane Loudon, ‘Introduction’, ‘Stirring the Soil’, Instructions in Gardening for Ladies (London: John Murray, 1840), v-vii, 1-2, 7-11

44. Jane Loudon, ‘Introduction’, ‘Tigridia’, The Ladies’ Flower Garden of Ornamental Bulbous Plants (London: William Smith, 1841), 1-2, 26-7

45. A. J. Downing, ‘Historical Notices’, ‘Beauties and Principles of the Art of Landscape Gardening’, A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening, With a View to the Improvement of Country Residences (London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1849), 39-41, 63-5

46. James Shirley Hibberd, ‘The Planting of a Wardian Case’, National Magazine 1:5 (March 1857), 320

Part 6. Agriculture and Rural Societies

47. Robert Bloomfield, ‘An Harvest Scene’ (1786), General Advertiser (5 Oct 1786)

48. [Sir John Sinclair], ‘General Enclosure: Introductory Observations on the Nature and Principles of the Annexed Sketch of a Bill for Facilitating the Division of Commons, by Agreement Among the Parties Interested Therein, by the President of the Board of Agriculture’, Annals of Agriculture (1796), 67–114

49. ‘Agriculture’/’Sir John Call’, Times (16 Jan 1800), 4

50. ‘An Account of the Country, Farming, and Manners of the People of Kentucky, in 1817’, The Farmer’s Magazine 20:77 (Feb 1819), 81–6

51. ‘Agriculture. Report for December’, Times (5 Jan 1820), 3

52. John Clare, ‘The Village Minstrel’, The Village Minstrel and Other Poems, 2 vols. (London: Taylor & Hessey, 1821)

53. Mary Russell Mitford, ‘Tom Cordery’, Our Village: Sketches of Rural Character and Scenery, vol. 1 (London: G and W.B. Whittaker, 1824), 164-8, 172-6

54. ‘Agriculture and Horticulture in New South Wales’, Bell’s Life in London and Sporting Chronicle 9:423 (9 May 1830)

55. Mary Roberts, Annals of My Village: Being A Calendar of Nature For Every Month of the Year (London: J. Hatchard and Son, 1831)

56. ‘Wantage Society’, Jackson’s Oxford Journal 4095 (22 Oct 1831)

57. Gustave de Beaumont, Ireland: Social Political, and Religious, 2 vols, Vol. 1, ed. W.C. Taylor (London: Richard Bentley, 1839), 264-7, 287-93

58. ‘Letters from Two Young Emigrants’, Chambers’s Edinburgh Journal 472 (13 Feb 1841), 27-8

59. ‘Disease in Potatoes’, John Bull 25:1293 (22 Sep. 1845), 604

60. ‘The Potato Distemper’, Bell’s Life in London and Sporting Chronicle (2 Nov, 1845), 3

61. ‘The Potato Crop in Ireland’, Tait’s Edinburgh Magazine 144 (Dec 1845), 762-4

62. ‘West India Mail’, ‘Cape of Good Hope’, ‘Continued Destitution in Ireland’, John Bull 29:1482 (5 May, 1849), 272

63. ‘Australian Sketches – No. II: The Squatters’, Tait’s Edinburgh Magazine (Dec 1856), 739–42

64. ‘Review: New Zealand; or Zealandia: the Britain of the South by Charles Hursthouse’, The Athenæum 1544 (30 May 1857), 690–1

Part 7. Popular Zoology

65. Thomas Bewick, A General History of Quadrupeds, 4th ed. (Newcastle: S. Hodgson, R Beilby, and T. Bewick, 1800 [1790]), 22-3, 439-40

66. ‘Curious Particulars in the Natural History of the Elephant. From Smellie’s Philosophy of Natural History’, Walker’s Hibernian Magazine, or Compendium of Entertaining Knowledge (May 1790), 432–3

67. John Aikin and Anna Letitia Barbauld, ‘The Young Mouse’, ‘The Wasp and the Bee’, Evenings at Home; or the Juvenile Budget Opened, Consisting of a Variety of Miscellaneous Pieces, for the Instruction and Amusement of Young Persons, 6 vols, vol. 1 (Philadelphia: Kay & Troutman, 1849 [1792–6]), 18-20

68. Introduction to Entomology, or the Natural History of Insects’, The Literary Gazette: A Weekly Journal of Literature, Science, and the Fine Arts 2:79 (25 Jul 1818), 467–8

69. ‘The Badger’, Penny Magazine of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 7:400 (30 Jun 1838), 245–6

70. James H. Fennell, ‘On Useful Insects and Their Products’, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction 1:19 (7 May 1842), 295–6

71. ‘Plant-Like Animals’, The Saturday Magazine 23:736 (23 Dec 1843), 244–5

72. ‘The Kiwi’, Penny Magazine of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 13: 761 (10 Feb 1844), 55–6

73. Edward Jesse, ‘The Heronry at Windsor’, Scenes and Occupations of Country Life, with Recollections of Natural History (London: John Murray 1853), 26-31

74. Mrs Lee, ‘Orthoptera’, The Ladies’ Cabinet of Fashion, Music and Romance (1 Nov 1853), 243–4

Part 8. Water Worlds

75. ‘The Natural History of the Pike’, Walker’s Hibernian Magazine, or Compendium of Entertaining Knowledge (Mar 1794), 227–8

76. ‘Natural History of Esculent Fishes’, Scots Magazine and Edinburgh Literary Miscellany 76 (Jan 1814), 42–4

77. Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, ‘The Whale Fisheries’, Harmonies of Nature, 3 vols, Vol. 1, trans. W. Meeston (London: Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, 1815)

78. ‘Whales’, The Kaleidoscope: or, Literary and Scientific Mirror 4:159 (15 Jul 1823), 12–13

79. Mary Roberts, The Conchologist’s Companion (London: Whittaker & Co. 1834)

80. ‘Cod-Fishing in Labrador’, Penny Magazine of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 185 (21 Feb 1835), 67–8

81. ‘The Sperm Whale and South-Sea Whale Fishery’, The London Saturday Journal 2:29 (20 Jul 1839), 35–7

82. Isabella Gifford, The Marine Botanist: An Introduction to the Study of Algology (London: Darton & Co., 1848)

83. Clio, ‘Billen Billen Island – an Aboriginal Legend’ (1850), Organ, Michael K.(ed.), Illawarra and South Coast Aborigines 1770-1900

84. Piscarius, The Artificial Production of Fish (London: Reeve and Co., 1852)

85. Philip Henry Gosse, The Aquarium: An Unveiling of the Wonders of the Deep Sea (London: John Van Voorst, 1854), 1-4, 13, 22-3, 26-8

86. H. G. Adams, ‘Sea-Side Talk: Marine Aquaria’, The Ladies’ Cabinet of Fashion, Music and Romance (1 Sept 1855), 123–4

87. Charles Kingsley, Glaucus; or the Wonders of the Shore (Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1855), 1-4, 6-7, 13, 55-6

Part 9. Political Landscapes

88. Anne Wilson, Teisa: A Descriptive Poem of the River Teese, Its Towns and Antiquities (Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1778), 7-11

89. Thomas Paine, Agrarian Justice, Opposed to Agrarian Law, Being a Plan for Meliorating the Condition of Man (Paris: W. Adlard and London: J. Adlard and J. Parsons, 1799), 9-16

90. John Clare, ‘Helpstone’, Poems Descriptive of Rural Life and Scenery (London: Taylor & Hessey, 1820)

91. Robert Owen, Report to the County of Lanark of a Plan for Relieving Public Distress, and Removing Discontent, By Giving Permanent, Productive Employment, to the Poor and Working Classes (Glasgow: Wardlaw & Cunninghame, 1821), 10-14, 16-17

92. ‘Mr Owen of Lanark’, The Observer (3 Oct 1824), 4

93. William Cobbett, ‘Cirencester’ and ‘Gloucester’, Rural Rides (London: Reeves and Turner, 1908 [1830]), 20-4

94. T. F., ‘The Labourers’ Friend’/ ‘Colonization and Emigration’, The Gentleman’s Magazine: and Historical Review (Oct 1835), 352–3

95. ‘Mr Feargus O’Connor’s Land Company and the Newspaper Press’, The Observer (18 Jun 1848), 6

96. George Eliot, ‘The Natural History of German Life’, Westminster Review 66 (19 July 1856), 51–79

Part 10. British Isles Environments: Landscapes and Scenery

97. William Gilpin, Observations on the River Wye, and several parts of South Wales, etc. relative chiefly to picturesque beauty; made in the summer of the year 1770 (London: R. Blamire, 1789 [1782]), 43-6

98. Ann Yearsley, ‘Clifton Hill’, Poems on Several Occasions, by Ann Yearsley, A Milkwoman of Bristol (London: T. Cadell, 1785), 83-7

99. Sarah Murray, A Companion, And Useful Guide To The Beauties Of Scotland, To The Lakes Of Westmoreland, Cumberland, And Lancashire; And To The Curiosities In The District Of Craven, In The West Riding Of Yorkshire. To Which Is Added, A More Particular Description Of Scotland, Especially That Part Of It, Called The Highlands (London: George Nicol, 1799)

100. Dorothy Wordsworth, Recollections of a Tour Made in Scotland, A.D. 1803, ed. J.C. Shairp (Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas, 1874 [1803–5]), 73-6

101. ‘From Ryde to Freshwater, Yarmouth & c.’, The Beauties of the Isle of Wight; Containing An Account of its Watering Places, A Minute Description of Ryde, And A Direction to the Most Favourite Walks in its Vicinity, Together with a View of the Principal Tours in the Island; And an Outline of its General History (Portsea: S. & S. Horsey, 1826), 79-82

102. Rev. William Ford, ‘Derwent Water’, A Description of the Scenery of the Lake District, Intended as A Guide to Strangers (London: R. Groombridge & Sons, 1847 [1839]), 53-7

103. Jehangeer Nowrojee and Hirjeebhoy Merwanjee, Journal of a Residence of Two Years and a Half in Great Britain (London: William H. Allen and Co, 1841), 76, 87–90, 232, 240–2

104. An Old Traveller, ‘Introduction’, ‘Cork Harbour’, A Week in the South of Ireland: Including a Tour to Cork, Bantry, Glengariff, Killarney, Kilkee, Limerick, and the Lower Shannon (Dublin: Glashan and Gill, 1857 [1844]), 10-12, 19-21

105. I. W. North, ‘First Excursion’, A Week in the Isles of Scilly (Penzance: E. Rowe and Son, 1850), 9-12

106. Wilkie Collins, ‘The Lizard’, Rambles Beyond Railways; Or, Notes in Cornwall taken A-Foot (London: Richard Bentley, 1851), 126-8, 130-1

107. Edward Hitchcock, ‘Geological Proofs of Divine Benevolence’, The Religion of Geology and its Connected Sciences (Boston: Phillips, Sampson & Company, 1852 [1851]), 187-90

Part 11. Global Environments, Habitats, and Species

108. ‘An Account of the Island of St. Helena’, Le Belle Assemblée, or Bell’s Court and Fashionable Magazine Addressed Particularly to the Ladies 6:48 (1 Jul 1809), 20-1

109. ‘Habits, Natural History, & c. of Japan’, The Weekly Entertainer: or, Agreeable and Instructive Repository 58 (2 Feb 1818), 94–5

110. ‘Alexander Berry’s Expedition to the Shoalhaven 21 June–23 July 1822’, Michael K. Organ (ed.), Illawarra and South Coast Aborigines 1770-1900

111. Maria Graham, Journal of a Residence in Chile During the Year 1822; and a Voyage from Chile to Brazil in 1823 (London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1824)

112. Sir John Barrow, ‘Otaheite’, A Description of Pitcairn’s Island and its Inhabitants (New York: J. & J. Harper, 1832), 15-20, 44

113. ‘The Tailor Bird’, The Saturday Magazine 1:22 (3 Nov 1832), 172

114. Baron Charles von Hügel, ‘Journal of a Visit to New Holland, 1833-34’, Michael K. Organ (ed.), Illawarra and South Coast Aborigines 1770-1900

115. Catherine Parr Traill, ‘Letter V. Journey from Cobourg to Amherst’, The Backwoods of Canada: Being Letters From the Wife of an Emigrant Officer, Illustrative of the Domestic Economy of British America, new ed. (London: Charles Knight & Co, 1846 [1836]), 47-64

116. ‘Lemurs’, Penny Magazine of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 5:241 (2 Jan 1836), 4–5

117. Henry David Thoreau, ‘A Walk to Wachusset’, Excursions (Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1863 [1843]), 73–86

118. Georg Adolph Erman, ‘Journey to Obdorsk’, Travels in Siberia: Including Excursions Northwards Down the Ob, To The Polar Circle, and Southwards, To The Chinese Frontier, 2 vols., Vol. 1, trans. William Desborough Cooley (London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1848), 400-4

119. Philip Henry Gosse, A Naturalist’s Sojourn in Jamaica (London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longman, 1851), 19-22

120. ‘The Great Forests of Antiquity and of Present Times’, New Monthly Magazine and Humorist 91:363 (Mar 1851), 378-81, 383, 386

121. ‘Arctic Contributions to Science’, Chambers’s Edinburgh Journal 467 (11 Dec 1852), 373–4

122. Mary Seacole, Wonderful Adventures of Mrs Seacole in Many Lands (London: James Blackwood, 1857)

123. Anonymous and Selim Aga, ‘The Niger Expedition’, The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser (25 Sep 1858), 3

124. Rev. A. Horsburgh, ‘The Country’, Sketches in Borneo (Anstruther: L. Russell, 1858)

Part 12. Gendered Environments: Women and Natural History

125. A.B., ‘Letters on Botany from a Young Lady to Her Friend’, Le Belle Assemblée, or, Bell’s Court and Fashionable Magazine Addressed Particularly to the Ladies 1:2 (1 Mar 1806), 102–4

126. A.B., ‘Letters on Botany from a Young Lady to Her Friend’, Le Belle Assemblée, or, Bell’s Court and Fashionable Magazine Addressed Particularly to the Ladies 1:3 (1 Apr 1806), 159–60

127. ‘Additions to the Natural History of Certain Animals’, Le Belle Assemblée, or, Bell’s Court and Fashionable Magazine Addressed Particularly to the Ladies 3: 22 (1 Sep 1807), 140–1

128. Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps, ‘Dedication’, ‘Preface’, ‘Lecture I: Introductory’, Lectures to Young Ladies Comprising Outlines and Applications of the Different Branches of Female Education, For the Use of Female Schools, and Private Libraries (Boston: Carter, Hendee & Co., 1833), 3, 5-8, 14-16

129. Catherine Parr Traill, ‘Advertisement’, ‘Letter VII’, The Backwoods of Canada: Being Letters from the Wife of an Emigrant Officer, Illustrative of the Domestic Economy of British America (London: Charles Knight & Co, 1846 [1836]), 5-7, 83-7

130. Mary Howitt, ‘February’, Our Cousins in Ohio (London: Darton & Co., 1849), 44-6

131. Mary Kirby, A Flora of Leicestershire; Comprising The Flowering Plants and the Ferns Indigenous to the County, Arranged on the Natural System (London: Hamilton, Adams, and Co., 1850), 3-4

132. Jane Loudon, ‘Sea-Side Botany’, The Lady’s Newspaper & Pictorial Times 455 (15 Sep 1855), 163

133. Anne Pratt, The Ferns of Great Britain, and Their Allies, the Club-Mosses, Pepperworts, and Horsetails (London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1855), 1-4

134. Charlotte Chanter, Ferny Combes: A Ramble After Ferns in the Glens and Valleys of Devonshire (London: Lowell Reeve, 1857 [1856]), 1-6

135. Elizabeth Stack, ‘Mrs Stack’s Journals of the Fifties and Sixties’, Further Maoriland Adventures of J.W. and E. Stack, ed. A.H. Reed (Dunedin and Wellington and London: G.T. Foulis & Co. Ltd, 1938 [1857-8]

Part 13. Children and Natural History

136. Mrs Sarah Trimmer, Fabulous Histories: Designed for the Instruction of Children Respecting their Treatment of Animals, 2 vols., vol. 1 (London: John Sharpe, 1815 [1786]), 77-82

137. John Aikin and Anna Letitia Barbauld, ‘Third Evening. On the Pine and Fir Tree. A Dialogue’, Evenings at Home; or the Juvenile Budget Opened, Consisting of a Variety of Miscellaneous Pieces, for the Instruction and Amusement of Young Persons, 6 vols, vol. 1 (Philadelphia: Kay & Troutman, 1849 [1792–6]), 45-50

138. Jane Loudon, The Young Naturalist’s Journey, or the Travels of Agnes Merton and her Mamma (London: William Smith, 1840), vii-x

139. ‘Geology for Young Students’, The London Saturday Journal 1:13 (27 Mar 1841), 147–9

140. ‘The Frog’, The Child’s Companion; or Sunday Scholar’s Reward 75 (1 Mar 1844), 88–92

141. Miss Kent, ‘The Study of Natural History by the Young’, The British Mothers’ Magazine 3 (1 Aug 1847), 181–4

142. Fanny Fern, ‘City Children’, Little Ferns for Fanny’s Little Friends (Auburn and Buffalo: Miller, Orton & Mulligan, 1854), 78-81

143. ‘Notes on Insects. Chapter V. Beetles’, The Monthly Packet of Evening Readings for Younger Members of the English Church 13:77 (1 May 1857), 545–51

Part 14. Blood Sports and Environment

144. Gilbert White, Letters VII, XXXVIII, and XLIV to Thomas Pennant, The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne, in the County of Southampton (London: B. White and Son, 1789), 18-19, 95-7, 110, 112-3

145. Joseph Strutt, Sports and Pastimes of the People of England, Including the Rural and Domestic Recreations, May Games, Mummeries, Shows, Processions, Pageants, & Pompous Spectacles, From the Earliest Period to the Present Time (London: Thomas Tegg, 1845 [1801])

146. ‘On the Destruction of Game and other Birds’, The Weekly Entertainer: or, Agreeable and Instructive Repository 39 (22 Mar 1802), 228–30

147. ‘Deer Hunting in South America’, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction 4:117 (11 Dec 1824), 427–8

148. Charles Waterton, ‘Notes on the Habits of the Heron’, Essays in Natural History, Chiefly Ornithology (London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans, 1838), 183-6, 189-90

149. Sylvanus Swanquill, ‘A Tale About Deer-Stealing’, New Sporting Magazine 1:3 (Mar 1841), 201-2

150. R.S. Surtees, Handley Cross (London: Henry Colburn, 1843)

151. ‘Angling Extraordinary’, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction 1:6 (7 Feb 1846), 95–6

152. George Hamilton, ‘Fishing in South Australia’, New Monthly Magazine and Humorist 81:322 (Oct 1847), 160–5

153. Roualeyn Gordon Cumming, Five Years’ of a Hunter’s Life in the Far Interior of South Africa. With Notices of the Native tribes, and Anecdotes of the Chase of the Lion, Elephant, Hippopotamus, Giraffe, Rhinoceros, &c., 2 vols., Vol II (London: John Murray, 1850), 1-5

154. ‘A Shooting Expedition Upon the Illawarra Escarpment’, Illawarra Mercury (9 September 1858), Michael K. Organ (ed.), Illawarra and South Coast Aborigines 1770-1900 (1993)

Part 15. Animal Welfare and Animal Cruelty

155. Jeremy Bentham, ‘Of the Limits of the Penal Branch of Jurisprudence’, An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1879 [1780]), 309-11

156. John Oswald, The Cry of Nature; or, An Appeal to Mercy and to Justice, on Behalf of the Persecuted Animals (London: J. Johnson, 1791)

157. George Nicholson, On the Conduct of Man to Inferior Animals; On the Primeval State of Man, Arguments from Scripture, Reason, Fact and Experience in Favour of a Vegetable Diet; On the Effects of Food On the Practice of Nations and Individuals, Objections Answered &c. &c. (Stourport: G. Nicholson, 1797)

158. John F. Newton, The Return to Nature, or, A Defence of the Vegetable Regimen (London: T. Cadell and W. Davies, 1811), 17-19, 62-66

159. Percy Bysshe Shelley, A Vindication of Natural Diet (London: F. Pitman, 1884 [1813])

160. Percy Bysshe Shelley, Queen Mab; A Philosophical Poem; With Notes (London: P. B. Shelley,1813)

161. Jeremy Bentham, Letter to The Morning Chronicle (4 May, 1825)

162. John Clare, ‘Sonnet Sequence on Fox and Badger’ (c. 1841)

163. ‘The Otter’, The Saturday Magazine 1:8 (18 Aug 1832), 64

164. Lady Mary Fox, An Account of an Expedition to the Interior of New Holland (London: Richard Bentley, 1837), 33-7

165. Charles Waterton, ‘The Starling’, Essays in Natural History, Chiefly Ornithology (London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans, 1838), 79-81, 84

166. ‘Cruelty to Animals’, Chambers’s Edinburgh Journal 433 (16 May 1840), 136

167. ‘A Pleading for Animals’, Chambers’s Edinburgh Journal 472 (13 Feb 1841), 25–6

168. Dr Amos Bronson Alcott, ‘Vegetable Diet’, The New Age, Concordium Gazette, and Temperance Advocate (1 Jan and 1 Sep 1845), 148-9, 276-9

169. Fanny Fern, ‘The Lake Trip; or, Going A Fishing’, Little Ferns for Fanny’s Little Friends (Auburn and Buffalo: Miller, Orton & Mulligan, 1854), 27-9

Part 16. Pollutions

170. ‘Miscellaneous Intelligence’, Royal Cornwall Gazette 652 (23 Dec 1815)

171. ‘New Operation by Steam’, Westmorland Gazette 1:18 (19 Sep 1818), 1

172. G. S., ‘London Smoke’, The Literary Chronicle and Weekly Review 16:205 (19 Apr 1823), 253

173. Michael Ryan, Remarks on the Supply of Water to the Metropolis; with An Account of the Natural History of Water in its Simple and Combined States; and of the Chemical Composition and Medical Uses of all the Known Mineral Waters; Being a Guide to Foreign and British Watering Places (London: Longman & Co, 1828)

174. Friedrich Engels, ‘The Great Towns’, The Conditions of the Working Class in England (London: Swan Sonneschein & Co., 1892 [1845]), 39-42, 48-50

175. Henry Mayhew, ‘A Visit to the Cholera Districts of Bermondsey’, The Morning Chronicle (24 Sep 1849), 4

176. Henry Mayhew, ‘The Metropolitan Districts (From Our Special Correspondent), Letter XLVII’, The Morning Chronicle (11 Apr. 1850), 5

177. Arthur Hill Hassall, A Microscopical Examination of the Water Supplied to the Inhabitants of London and the Suburban Districts (London: Samuel Highley, 1850)

178. ‘Supply of Water to London from the River Thames at Henley’, The Edinburgh Review 91 (April 1850), 380-2

179. ‘The Drainage of the Metropolis’, Fraser’s Magazine for Town and Country 41:242 (Feb 1850), 190–1

180. Charles Kingsley, Alton Locke, Tailor and Poet, An Autobiography (London: Chapman and Hall, 1850), 260-4

181. Charles Kingsley, ‘The Water Supply of London’, North British Review 15:29 (1851), 241–6

182. Charles Kingsley, Yeast; A Problem (London: John W. Parker, 1851), 257-9

Part 17. Extractions

183. Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland, Personal Narrative of Travels to the New Continent During the Years 1799–1804, 7 vols., Vol. 3 (London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1822)

184. ‘Cornish Mining in America’, Quarterly Review 36:71 (1827), 81–106

185. John Holland, A History and Description of Fossil Fuel, The Collieries, and Coal Trade of Great Britain (London: Whittaker & Company, 1835), 454-61

186. Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil, or the Two Nations (London: Henry Colburn, 1845), 160-2

187. J. Tyrwhitt Brooks, Four Months among the Gold-Finders in Alta California: Being the Diary of an Expedition from San Francisco to the Gold Districts (London: David Bogue, 1849), 40-6, 48, 51-2

188. Wilkie Collins, ‘Holy Wells and Druid Relics’, ‘Botallack Mine’, Rambles Beyond Railways; Or, Notes in Cornwall taken A-Foot (London: Richard Bentley, 1851), 59-60, 207-12

Part 18. Emerging Environmentalisms and Proto-Ecology

189. Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, ‘Elementary Harmonies of Plants With the Water and the Air, by Means of Their Leaves and Fruits’, Studies from Nature. Trans. L.T. Rede (London: J.W. Myers, 1798 [1784]), 243-6

190. Alexander von Humboldt, ‘Ideas for a Physiognomy of Plants’, Views of Nature, Or, Contemplations on the Sublime Phenomena of Creation (London: H.G. Bohn, 1850 [1808]), 210-15, 217

191. Alexander Beatson, Tracts Relative to the Island of St Helena; Written During a Residence of Five Years (London: W. Bulmer, 1816), 1-6

192. Percy Bysshe Shelley, Mont Blanc: Lines Written in the Vale of Chamouni, in Mary Shelly and Percy Bysshe Shelley, History of a Six Weeks’ Tour through a part of France, Switzerland, Germany, and Holland (London: T. Hookham, Jun. and C and J. Ollier, 1817)

193. John Clare, ‘The Nightingale’s Nest’, The Rural Muse (London: Whittaker & Co., 1835)

194. Alexander Von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland, ‘Chapter XVI’, Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of the New Continent During the Years 1799–1804, 7 vols., vol. 2 (1821), 2-7, 9-10

195. Ralph Waldo Emerson, ‘Nature’, Nature (Boston and Cambridge: James Munroe and Company, 1849 [1836])

196. ‘Extinction of Animals’, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction 29:840 (24 Jun 1837), 414

197. Charles Waterton, ‘The Habits of the Barn Own, and the Benefits it Confers on Man’, Essays in Natural History, Chiefly Ornithology (London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans,1838), 7-11

198. Charles Darwin, ‘Chapter IX’, Journal of Researches into the Geology and Natural History of the Various Countries Visited by H.M.S. Beagle Under the Command of Captain Fitzroy, R N. From 1832 to 1836 (London: Henry Colburn, 1839), 201, 203-12

199. John Ruskin, ‘Of the Open Sky’, Modern Painters I (1843)

200. George B. Emerson, ‘The Forests’, A Report on the Trees and Shrubs Growing Naturally in The Forests of Massachusetts; Originally Published Agreeably to an Order of the Legislature by the Commissioners of the Zoological and Botanical Survey of the State, 2 vols, Vol. 1 (Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1875 [1846]), 1-9

201. George Perkins Marsh, ‘Address to the Agricultural Society of Rutland County, Vermont’ (30 Sep 1847)

202. M. B., ‘A Few Words on Corals’, Sharpe’s London Journal 11 (Jan 1850), 284–6

203. ‘Notes of a Naturalist: Insects’, The Lady’s Newspaper and Pictorial Times 372 (11 Feb 1854), 86–7

204. Henry Thoreau, ‘Sounds’, Walden; or Life in the Woods (Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1854)

205. Margaret Gatty, Parables from Nature (London: T. Nelson & Sons, 1857) [1855]

206. John Ruskin, ‘The Work of Iron in Nature, Art, and Policy’, The Two Paths, in E.T. Cook and Alexander Wedderburn (eds.), The Library Edition of John Ruskin’s Works, 39 vols, Vol. 16 (London: George Allen, 1905 [1859])

Index