The Russian Revolution of 1917 - Memory and Legacy

Carol S. Leonard is Emeritus Fellow of St Antony’s College, Oxford, UK, and the former Director of the Center for Russian Studies, International Laboratory: Russia’s Historical Legacies and Regional Development at the Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow. Daniel Orlovsky is Emeritus Professor of History at Southern Methodist University. Jurej Petrov is Director of the Institute of Russian History at the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.

List of Contributors viii

List of Figures xv

List of Tables xvii

Preface xviii

CAROL S. LEONARD AND DANIEL ORLOVSKY

I

Introduction: Interpreting the Russian Revolution of 1917 1

1 Introduction—Reflections on the Russian Revolution 3

DANIEL ORLOVSKY

2 The Great Russian Revolution, 1917–1922, and Problems of Historical Memory 12

JUREJ PETROV

II

Selected Western Revisionist Interpretations and Their Critics 17

3 How to End the Revolution: A Problem for Revolutionaries, Their Successors and Historians 19

SHEILA FITZPATRICK

4 More Lessons of October 29

RONALD GRIGOR SUNY

5 Soviet History Framework for Assessing the Russian Revolution 36

ROBERT SERVICE

6 The Politics of National History: Russia’s Ruling Elite and the Centenary of 1917 51

JAMES RYAN

III

The Major Soviet-era and Post-Soviet Russian Perspectives 73

7 From a National Celebration to an Inconvenient Past: Revolution of 1917 in Commemorative Practices and Policies and Annual Celebrations (1918–2017) 75

VITALIY TIKHONOV

8 Post-Soviet Writing About the October Revolution 97

VLADIMIR P. BULDAKOV

9 Culture in Revolution—Revolution in Culture 109

TATIANA A. FILIPPOVA

IV

New Approaches: “Leap Not the Landing” 125

10 The Revolution We Have Lost: 1917 as Future Possibility 127

MARK D. STEINBERG

11 Living Politics: The Kollektiv-Model and the Bolshevik Revolution 139

ANDY WILLIMOTT

12 Psychological and Emotional Experience in the Russian Revolution 158

VLADISLAV B. AKSENOV

13 Gender Images in the Russian Revolution: Backward Women and Forward Men in Iconic Perspective, 1919–1923 176

ELIZABETH A. WOOD

Strategic Space During the Revolution 191

14 Building Soviet Democracy, Breeding Communist Dictatorship: Rise of the Party-State Apparatus, 1917–1923 193

LARA DOUDS

15 Railroads and Strikes in Russia, 1894–1904: Revolution in Times of Railroad Building 212

CAROL S. LEONARD, ZAFAR NAZAROV, LEONID BORODKIN, ROMAN B. KONCHAKOV AND MARIA KARPENKO

Continuum of Crisis 245

16 Governing Revolution in Russia in 1917 and in the 1990s: Comparative Political Economy 247

VLADIMIR MAU AND CAROL S. LEONARD

Impact Assessment 265

17 Two Octobers 267

ROBERT A. ROSENSTONE

18 Hitler, Stalin, or Roosevelt? Which Faces of the 1930s Will We See in the 2020s? 283

JACK A. GOLDSTONE

Conclusion 295

CAROL S. LEONARD AND DANIEL ORLOVSKY

Index 298