Aristoteles: Metaphysik, Nikomachische Ethik, Das Organon, Die Physik & Die Dichtkunst (eBook)

Aristotle (384–322 BCE), a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, is an intellectual force whose works have profoundly influenced Western thought. Born in Stagira, Chalcidic, he was Plato's most prominent student at the Academy and later established his own school, the Lyceum, in Athens. Aristotle's contributions span a range of disciplines, including metaphysics, ethics, logic, and natural sciences. In 'Metaphysik,' he explores the concept of being and substance, forming the foundation of ontological studies for centuries to come. His 'Nikomachische Ethik' is a pivotal work in ethical philosophy, where he introduces his theory of virtue ethics, emphasizing character and flourishing as the ultimate goals of human life. 'Das Organon' comprises a series of books outlining his systematic approach to logic and syllogism, which remained the backbone of logical inquiry until the 19th century. 'Die Physik' reflects Aristotle's observations and theories concerning natural phenomena, shaping the scientific method. Furthermore, his 'Die Dichtkunst,' or 'Poetics,' provides seminal insights into literary theory, particularly his definitions of tragedy and the concept of catharsis. Collectively, Aristotle's works demonstrate a methodical approach to inquiry known as Aristotelian philosophy, characterized by empirical observations and logical analysis. His treatises found new audiences in the Islamic Golden Age and the European medieval period, ensuring his ideas would permeate numerous fields of study for generations.