Dissociation and the Dissociative Disorders

Martin J. Dorahy, PhD, is Professor of Clinical Psychology at the University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, and a past president of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation (ISSTD). Steven N. Gold, PhD, is Professor Emeritus of Psychology at Nova Southeastern University; a past president and fellow of the ISSTD and APA Division of Trauma Psychology; and a founding editor of the APA journal, Psychological Trauma. John A. O’Neil, MD, FRCPC, is a psychiatrist and psychoanalyst in Montreal, Québec, Canada, and a fellow of the ISSTD. He co-edited, with Paul Dell, the first edition of this book.

1.History of the Concept of Dissociation

Onno van der Hart & Martin J. Dorahy

2.The Conceptual Unity of Dissociation – A Philosophical Argument

Stephen E. Braude

3.The Traumatic Disintegration Dimension

Benedetto Farina & Russell Meares

4.Dissociation Versus Alterations in Consciousness: Related but Different Concepts

Kathy Steele, Martin J. Dorahy, & Onno van der Hart

5.The Case for the Study of "Normal" Dissociation Processes

Constance J. Dalenberg, Rachel R. Katz, Kenneth J. Thompson & Kelsey Paulson

6.Dissociation and Resilience

Paula Thomson

7.Adaptive Dissociation: A Response to Interpersonal, Institutional, and Cultural Betrayal

Alexis A. Adams-Clark, Jennifer M. Gómez & M. Rose Barlow

8.Dissociative Multiplicity and Psychoanalysis

John A. O’Neil

Section 2: Etiological and developmental considerations

9.A Developmental Pathways Model of Dissociation

Linnea B. Linde-Krieger, Tuppett M. Yates & Elizabeth A. Carlson

10.The Relationship Between Attachment and Dissociation: Theory, Research, and Clinical implications

Adriano Schimmenti

11.Attachment Trauma and the Developing Right Brain: Origins of Pathological Dissociation and Some Implications for psychotherapy

Allan N. Schore

12.Adverse Childhood Experiences and Dissociative Disorders: A Causal Pathway Based on the Disruptive Impacts of Cumulative Childhood Adversity and Distress-Related Dissociation

Michael Quiñones

13.Beyond Death: Enduring Incest – The Fusion of Father With Daughter

Warwick Middleton

14.Clarifying the Etiology of the Dissociative Disorders: It’s Not All About Trauma

Paul F Dell

Section 3: Theoretical approaches

15.The Theory of Trauma-related Structural Dissociation of the Personality

Onno van der Hart & Kathy Steele

16.Discrete Behavioral State Theory

Richard J. Loewenstein & Frank W. Putnam

17.The Perceptual Theory of Dissociation

Donald B. Beere

18.Contextual Dissociation Theory: The Dual Impact of Trauma and Developmental Deprivation

Steven N. Gold

19.The Four-Dimensional (4D) Model as a Framework for Understanding Trauma-Related Dissociation

Paul A. Frewen, Serena Wong & Ruth A. Lanius

20.Dissociation and Unformulated Experience: A Psychoanalytic Model of Mind

Donnel B. Stern

Section 4: The Dissociative Disorders

21.Dissociation in the ICDs and DSMs

John A. O’Neil

22.Dissociative Amnesia and Dissociative Fugue

Colin A. Ross

23.Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

Matthias Michal

24.A Grounded Theory of Dissociative Identity disorder: Placing DID in Mind, Brain, and Body

Lauren A. M. Lebois, Chloe S. Kaplan, Cori A. Palermo, Xi Pan & Milissa L. Kaufman

25.Psychotic Presentations of Dissociative Disorders

Vedat Şar

26.The Other in the Self: Possession, Trance, and Related Phenomena

Etzel Cardeña, Yvonne Schaffler & Marjolein van Duijl

27.Dissociative Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Joyanna Silberg & Stephanie Dallam

Section 5: Dissociation as a transdiagnostic process – acute and chronic

28.Peritraumatic Dissociation and Chronic Posttraumatic Symptomatology: Thirty Years and Counting

Etzel Cardeña & Catherine C. Classen

29.Dissociation and Trauma: Clinical and Research Intersections in PTSD

Olga Winkler, Lisa Burback, Suzette Bremault-Phillips & Eric Vermetten

30.Complex PTSD and Emotion Dysregulation: The Role of Dissociation

Julian D. Ford

31.Is Dissociation an Integral Aspect of Borderline Personality Disorder, or is it a Comorbid Disorder?

Marilyn I. Korzekwa & Paul F. Dell

32.The Nature of Psychotic Symptoms: Traumatic in Origin and Dissociative in Kind?

Andrew Moskowitz, Eleanor Longden, Filippo Varese, Dolores Mosquera,

& John Read

33.Somatoform Dissociation, Agency and Consciousness

Ellert R. S. Nijenhuis

34.Maladaptive Daydreaming is a Dissociative Disorder: Supporting Evidence and Theory

Nirit Soffer-Dudek & Eli Somer

35.Opioid Misuse and Dissociation: Two Powerful Modes of Distress Regulation

Eli Somer

36.Dissociative Factors Contributing to Violence and Antisocial Orientations

Richard A. Hohfeler

Section 6: Neurobiological and cognitive understandings of dissociation

37.The Defense Cascade, Traumatic Dissociation and the Self: A Neuroscientific Model

Frank M. Corrigan, Ulrich F. Lanius & Brenna Kaschor

38.Towards an Ecology of Dissociation in the Context of Trauma: Implications for the Psychobiological Study of Dissociative Disorders

Ellert R. S. Nijenhuis

39.The Neurobiology of Dissociation in Chronic PTSD

Francesca L. Schiavone & Ruth A. Lanius

40.Subjective Amnesia in Dissociative Identity Disorder: A Dual Path Model Drawing on Metacognitive Beliefs Related to Self and Memory Functioning

Martin J. Dorahy

Section 7: Assessment and measurement

41.Diagnosing the Dissociative Disorders: Conceptual, Theoretical, and Practical Considerations

D. Michael Coy & Jennifer A. Madere

42.True Drama or True Trauma? Forensic Trauma Assessment and the Challenge of Detecting Malingering

Bethany L. Brand & Laura S. Brown

Section 8: Treatment considerations and conceptualizations

43.Encountering the Singularities of Multiplicity: Meeting and Treating the Unique Person

Richard P. Kluft

44.Controversies in the Treatment of Traumatic Dissociation:The Phased Model, ‘Exposure,’ and the Challenges of Therapy for Complex Trauma

Pam Stavropoulos & David Elliott

45.The Unconscionable in the Unconscious: The Evolution of Relationality in the Conceptualization of the Treatment of Trauma and Dissociation

Elizabeth F. Howell & Sheldon Itzkowitz

Section 9: Treatment challenges and therapist considerations

46.Memory, Trauma and the Therapeutic Encounter

Sylvia Solinski

47.Conceptual Foundations for Long-Term Psychotherapy of Dissociative Identity Disorder

Richard J. Loewenstein

Section 10: The future

48.A Research Agenda for the Dissociative Disorders Field

Vedat Şar & Colin A. Ross

49.Integrating Dissociation

David Spiegel