English Syntax (eBook)

Basic Facts and In-Depth Analyses

Jenny Arendholz (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: EPUB
2022 | 1. Auflage
250 Seiten
UTB (Verlag)
978-3-8463-5655-5 (ISBN)

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This collection of pivotal issues about syntactic analysis bridges the gap between two extremes: Quirk et al.'s classic, yet voluminous standard grammar The Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language (CGEL, 1985) and slim booklets with sample solutions. Written for students and teachers alike, this textbook introduces basic concepts, deepens preexisting knowledge, prepares students for various exam contexts and provides hands-on teaching material. Each chapter provides theoretical explanations, which are immediately illustrated by numerous complete sample analyses of sentences taken both from the CGEL as well as from more recent British and American news articles. The final part of this textbook offers a comprehensive practice section for self-study using sentences which are divided into three levels of difficulty and come with model solutions.

Dr. Jenny Arendholz lehrt synchrone Sprachwissenschaft und Sprachpraxis des Englischen an der LMU München.

Dr. Jenny Arendholz lehrt synchrone Sprachwissenschaft und Sprachpraxis des Englischen an der LMU München.

Preface
List of abbreviations (alphabetical order)
List of abbreviations (structural order)
1 Basic Introduction and Syntactic Functions – Jenny Arendholz
1.1 Some Structural Facts and Layout Conventions
1.2 The Seven Syntactic Functions
1.3 Tricky Business: Oi vs. Oprep
2 The Internal Structure of Phrases – Jenny Arendholz
2.1 Characteristic Features of Phrases
2.2 The Noun Phrase (NP)
2.3 The Adjective Phrase (AdjP) and the Adverb Phrase (AdvP)
2.4 The Verb Phrase (VP)
2.5 The Prepositional Phrase (PP)
2.6 Tricky Business
2.6.1 Nouns in the Premodifier Slot of NPs
2.6.2 Embedding
2.6.3 Complementation
2.6.4 Complex Determinatives
3 Word Classes – Michaela Pitsch
3.1 Nouns
3.2 Adjectives and Adverbs
3.3 Adjectives vs. Adverbs
3.4 Pronouns and Determiners
3.5 Pronouns vs. Determiners
3.6 Prepositions and Conjunctions
3.7 Prepositions vs. Subordinating Conjunctions
3.8 Adverbs vs. Subordinating Conjunctions
3.9 Numerals
3.10 Words of Unique Function
3.11 Tricky Business
3.11.1 Some as an Adverb
3.11.2 Change of Word Class
4 The Verb – Sandra Neigefind
4.1 Distinction According to Word Class
4.1.1 Full Verbs
4.1.2 Modal Auxiliary Verbs
4.1.3 A Special Case of Modals: Catenative Verb Constructions
4.1.4 Primary Verbs
4.2 Copular Verbs
4.3 Multi-Word Verbs
4.3.1 Phrasal Verbs
4.3.2 Prepositional Verbs
4.3.3 Phrasal-Prepositional Verbs
4.3.4 Detection Rules
5 An Introduction to Complex Sentences – Hannah Jahner & Jenny Arendholz
5.1 Clauses vs. Phrases
5.2 Sentences and Clause Combinations
5.3 Subordinate Clauses
5.3.1 Nominal Clauses
5.3.2 Adverbial Clauses
5.4 Embedded Clauses
5.5 Summary: Syntactic Functions of Dependent Clauses
6 Finite Clauses – Jenny Arendholz & Michaela Pitsch
6.1 Adverbial Clauses
6.2 Wh-Clauses
6.3 That-Clauses
6.4 Attributive Relative Clauses
6.5 Nominal Relative Clauses
6.6 Sentential Relative Clauses
6.7 Comparative Clauses
6.8 Tricky Business: Is that Still a Problem?
7 Non-Finite Clauses and Verbless Clauses – Lioba Arnoldi
7.1 -ing-Participle Clauses
7.1.1 Subordinate -ing-Participle Clauses
7.1.2 Attributive -ing-Participle Clauses
7.2 -ed-Participle Clauses
7.2.1 Subordinate -ed-Participle Clauses
7.2.2 Attributive -ed-Participle Clauses
7.3 to-Infinitive Clauses
7.3.1 Subordinate to-Infinitive Clauses
7.3.2 Attributive to-Infinitive Clauses
7.4 Bare Infinitive Clauses
7.5 Verbless Clauses
7.6 Tricky Business
7.6.1 Catenative Verbs and Non-Finite Forms
7.6.2 Gradience in Non-Finite Clauses
8 Appositions – Franziska Kirchhoff
8.1 Definition and Terminology
8.2 Different Forms of Apposition
8.2.1 Phrasal Apposition
8.2.2 Clausal Apposition
8.3 Indicators of Apposition
8.4 Tricky Business
8.4.1 The Appositive of-Phrase
8.4.2 Distinguishing Apposition from Coordination
9 Coordination – Jenny Arendholz
9.1 Terminology and Basic Structures
9.2 Coordinators
9.3 Types of Coordination
9.4 The Analysis of Coordination
9.4.1 The Ellipsis Strategy
9.4.2 The Conjoint Strategy
9.4.3 The Shift Strategy
9.4.4 Detection Rules
10 Means of Emphasis and Other Deviating Sentence Patterns – Jenny Arendholz
10.1 Theme and Rheme
10.2 Fronting and Inversion
10.3 Cleft Sentences Proper and Pseudo-Cleft Sentences
10.4 Extraposition of Clausal Subjects and Objects
10.5 Existential Constructions
11 Practice Makes Perfect – Britta van den Berg & Jenny Arendholz
11.1 Easy Sentences
11.2 Moderate Sentences
11.4 Difficult Sentences
References
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
Secondary Online Sources
Index

List of abbreviations (alphabetical order)


A

adverbial

adj

adjective

AdjP

adjective phrase

adv

adverb

adv bare inf cl

adverbial bare infinitive clause

adv cl

adverbial clause

adv -ed-part cl

adverbial -ed-participle clause

adv -ing-part cl

adverbial -ing-participle clause

AdvP

adverb phrase

adv to-inf cl

adverbial to-infinitive clause

adv vless cl

adverbial verbless clause

attr -ed-part cl

attributive -ed-participle clause

attr -ing-part cl

attributive -ing-participle clause

attr rel cl

attributive relative clause

attr that-cl

attributive that-clause

attr to-inf cl

attributive to-infinitive clause

attr wh-cl

attributive wh-interrogative clause

aux v

auxiliary verb

 

 

bare inf cl

bare infinitive clause

 

 

cat v

catenative verb

CO

object complement

co conj

coordinating conjunction

comp cl

comparative clause

comp-element

comparative element

compl

complementation

compl det

complex determiner

compl prep

complex preposition

compl sub conj

complex subordinating conjunction

comp n

compound noun

conj

conjoin

coord

coordination

correl sub conj

correlative subordinating conjunction

CS

subject complement

 

 

def rel cl

defining/restrictive relative clause

det

determiner

dtm

determinative

 

 

-ed-part cl

-ed-participle clause

ellipt.

elliptical

exist. there

existential there

 

 

fv

full verb

 

 

Gen.

genitive

 

 

h

head

 

 

ind appos

indicator of apposition (FU and FO)

inf mark

infinitive marker (FU and FO)

-ing-part cl

-ing-participle clause

int adv

interrogative adverb

int det

interrogative determiner

int pron

interrogative pronoun

 

 

marg mod aux

marginal modal auxiliary

marg prep

marginal preposition

mod aux

modal auxiliary

mod id

modal idiom

mv

main verb

 

 

n

noun

neg

negation

neg part

negative particle

nom bare inf cl

nominal bare infinitive clause

nom -ed-part cl

nominal -ed-participle clause

nom -ing-part cl

nominal -ing-participle clause

nom rel cl

nominal relative clause

nom that-cl

nominal that-clause

nom to-inf cl

nominal to-infinitive clause

nom vless cl

nominal verbless clause

nom wh-cl

nominal wh-interrogative clause

non-def rel cl

non-defining/non-restrictive relative clause

NP

noun phrase

num

numeral

 

 

Oant

anticipatory object (extraposition)

Od

direct object

Oi

indirect object

Opost

postponed object (extraposition)

Oprep

prepositional object

 

 

phr-prep v

phrasal-prepositional verb

phr v

phrasal verb

pn

proper noun

postmod

postmodifier

postmod (appos)

appositive postmodifier

PP

prepositional phrase

premod

premodifier

premod (appos)

appositive premodifier

prep

preposition (FU and FO)

prep adv

prepositional adverb

prepC

prepositional complement

prep v

prepositional verb

pron

pronoun

pv

primary verb

 

 

rel adv

relative adverb

rel det

relative determiner

rel pron

relative pronoun

 

 

S

subject

Sant

anticipatory subject (extraposition)

Scomp

compound sentence (coordination)

Sgr

grammatical subject (existential constructions)

Snot

notional subject (existential constructions)

Spost

postponed subject (extraposition)

semi aux

semi-auxiliary verb

sent rel cl

sentential relative clause

sub

subordination

sub conj

subordinating conjunction

subj mark

subject marker (FU and...

Erscheint lt. Verlag 14.2.2022
Verlagsort Stuttgart
Sprache englisch
Themenwelt Geisteswissenschaften Sprach- / Literaturwissenschaft Anglistik / Amerikanistik
Schlagworte Examensvorbereitung / Übungsaufgaben • Konstituentengrammatik • Syntaxanalyse
ISBN-10 3-8463-5655-7 / 3846356557
ISBN-13 978-3-8463-5655-5 / 9783846356555
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