Hunger and Famine in the Long Nineteenth Century

Gail Turley Houston, Professor, British and Irish Literary Studies, University of New Mexico, USA

Volume 1: ‘Guttllng and Guzzlling’: The Immiseration of the Poor, or ‘Perish[ing] from the table of nature’ (1795-1840)

Acknowledgements

Bibliography

List of Abbreviations

General Introduction

Volume 1 Introduction

Part 1. War, Taxation and the End of the Social Contract

1. Isaac Eaton, The Tocsin. The British Tocsin, or Proofs of National Ruin, 4th ed., London: Daniel Isaac

Eaton, 1795, pp. 4-18, 23, 27-28, 31-34, 38, 53.

2. Anon., ‘The Grumblers’, Town and country magazine, or, Universal repository of knowledge, instruction, and entertainment, 27 (1795), pp. 200-1.

3. Sir Francis Burdett, ‘Speech’, Commons Sitting, Hansard, HC, Volume 13, Images 11, 4, 15, 6 (12 November 1800).

4. The weavers and townspeople of Royton, ‘Handbill issued by the weavers and townspeople of Royton in May 1808, after Partiament rejected a bill to guarantee the weavers a minimum wage’, 30 May 1808.

5. ‘A Sufferer’, ‘Letter to Prince Regent‘, 23 May 1812; Letters and Papers, May 1812, MS Home Office Papers and Records: Part Five: HO 42, Box 123.

6. Anon., ‘ART. XI. 1. An Inquiry into the Causes of General Poverty and Dependance of Mankind; including a full investigation of the Corn Laws’, Quarterly review, 16 (1816), pp. 225-7, 229, 239, 244-5, 247-9, 251-3, 255-6, 259, 262-3, 272, 274-8

7. ‘Patricius’, ‘Taxation Against Population. To the Editors of the Liverpool Mercury’, Liverpool Mercury, 13 December 1816, p. 190.

8. Aristides, ‘Radical Revolutionists and Modern Whigs. To the Editor of The Morning Post’, 24 December 1819, np.

9. T. William, ‘Address to the Industrious Classes of Britain and Ireland, Particularly to our Neighbours, the distressed Spitalfields Weavers’, Co-operative magazine and monthly herald, 1 (1826), pp. 333-7.

10. D. W. Harvey. Speech, ‘State of the Country’, Commons Sitting, Hansard, HC, Volume 21, cols. 1781-91 (12 June 1829).

11. Anon., ‘Domestic Policy. No. III. The Condition of the Lower Orders’, Blackwood’s Edinburgh magazine, 27 (1830), pp. 91-6.

Part 2. Responses to Malthus, the Corn Laws and the Poor Laws

12. MP. Mr. Samuel Whitbread. ‘Poor-Laws Bill’, Commons Sitting, Hansard, HC, 8, cols. 865-75 (19 February 1807).

13. Anon., ‘Liber Sine Titulo; or, Copy of a Manuscript-Fragment found at a certain Mountain in Derbyshire, which takes its Name from the Devil’, Scourge, or, Literary, Theatrical, and Miscellaneous Magazine, 9 (1815), pp. 277-81.

14. George Ensor, ‘An Inquiry Concerning the Population of Nations; Containing a Refutation of Mr Malthus’s Essay on Popoulation’, Monthly Magazine, or, British register, 45 (1818), pp. 640-52.

15. ‘Poor Relief Bill’; MPs James Scarlett, Robert Thomas Wilson, Matthew F. Lewis, John Bennet, Commons Sitting, Hansard, HC, Volume 5, cols. 988-999 (24 May 1821). Continuation of Discussion ‘Poor Relief Bill’, Commons Sitting, Hansard, HC, Volume 5, cols.1480-1483 (24 July 1821).

16. Anon., ‘Proposed Refusal to Support the Poor, and to Abolish the Poor Laws’, Black Dwarf, 6, (1821), pp. 773-8.

17. ‘Probus’, ‘Currency, Corn Laws, and Crime. Letter to the Editor of the Morning Chronicle’, Morning Chronicle, 6 December 1825, p. 4.

18. David Robinson, ‘The Poor Laws’, Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, 23 (1828), pp. 923-9, 933-4, 936.

19. Anon., ‘The Population Question.--Mr. Sadler and the Political Economists’, Monthly Magazine, or, British Register, 11 (1831), pp. 527, 529-30, 544.

20. Anon., ‘Poor Law Catechism, To be Learned by every Pauper previous to his confinement in the Bastile. Printed not under the Directions of the Poor Law Commissioners’, Northern Liberator, 4 November 1837, p. 3.

21. ‘Marcus’, An Essay on Populousness (or On the possibility of limiting populousness), London: Printed by the author, 1838, pp. 3-6,10, 13-15.

22. Anon., ‘Population, Subsistence, and Political Economists’, Charter, 13 October 1839, p. 695.

Part 3. Labour Petitions and Reform Meetings

23. Richard Taylor, ‘To the Manfacturers, Mechanics, Artisans, and Others, (Inhabitants of Manchester and its Vicinity) Who Signed and Supported the late Petition to the House of Commons’; Letters and Papers Supplementary, September to November 1811, MS Home Office Papers and Records, Part Five, HO 42, Box 117.

24. Anon., ‘An Address from the Framework-Knitters to the Gentlemen Hosiers of the Town of Nottingham, Nottingham Review & General Advertiser for the Midland Counties, 4 (1811), Letters and Papers Supplementary, September to November 1811. MS Home Office Papers and Records, Part Five, HO 42, Box 117.

25. William Crump, ‘Address of the Plain Silk Stocking-Makers to the Gentlemen Hosiers of Nottingham, Who have Agreed to Give An Advance of Sixpence per Pair For The Making Of Black Silk Hose’, Nottingham Review, 4 (1811), Letters and Papers Supplementary, September to November 1811. MS Home Office Papers and Records, Part Five, HO 42, Box 117.

26. Charles Prescott, ‘Letter’ regarding the Stockport weavers’ petition to Parliament, 21 May 1816, HO 42/150 f264.

27. Anon., ‘Address and Petition pf the Distressed Mechanics of Birmingham’, presented to House of Commons, Hansard, HC, Volume 36, cols. 21-26 (28 April 1817).

28. Anon., ‘Barnsley Reform Meeting’, Leeds Mercury, 17 July 1819, p. [3].

29. Anon., ‘Female Reformers’, Leeds Mercury, 17 July 1819, p. [3].

30. Anon., ‘Corn Laws-Petition of the Starving Weavers of Blackburn’, Commons Sitting, Hansard, HC, Volume 16, cols. 413-414 (9 February 1827).

31. T. B. Macaulay, ‘Difference between a State of Civilization & Barbarism’, (From Mr. T. B. Macaulay’s Speech at Edinburgh)’, Leicester Chronicle, 15 June 1839, p. [4].

Part 4. ‘Distress of the Nation’

32. Anon., ‘The following Report seems to us to be drawn up with so much judgment. Report of the Association, formed in London, on the 23rd Day of May, 1812, for the Relief and Benefit of the Manufacturing and the Labouring Poor’, Universal Magazine, 19 (1813), pp. 179-85.

33. Anon., ‘Distresses of the Iron Manufacturers in Staffordshire’, Caledonian Mercury, 1 August 1816, p. [4].

34. Anon., ‘Distress of the Nation’, Morning Chronicle, 29 August 1816, p. [3].

35. Mr. Holt, ‘To the Right Hon. The Earl of Derby, Lord Lieutenant of the County of Lancaster’, Times, 28 August 1819, p. 2.

36. Mr. Bennet, ‘State of the Manufacturing Districts’, Times,10 December 1819, pp. 2-3.

37. Anon., ‘Meeting of the Cotton-Spinners’, Morning Chronicle, 6 July 1825, p. 4.

38. Anon.,’ ’Bury, August 30. Late Meeting Manchester’, Bury and Norwich Post, or Suffolk and Norfolk Telegraph, 30 August 1826, p. 784.

39. Anon., ‘Alarming State of the People’, Examiner, 971 (1826), pp. 577-8.

40. Anon., ‘Causes and Cures of the Present Distress’, Manchester Times, 9 May 1829, p. 238.

41. ‘J. R.’, ‘Art. IX. Domestic Arrangements of the Working Classes’, London and Westminster Review 3 (1836), pp. 450-1, 459-61.

Part 5. Dietary, Real and Imagined

42. ‘M’, ‘On Making Bread From Wood’, Edinburgh Magazine and Literary Miscellany (1817), pp. 313-6.

43. Anon., ‘Real Relief for the Sufferings of the Poor’, Moral reformer, and protestor against the vices, abuses, and corruptions of the age, 1 (1831), pp. 138-45.

44. Anon., ‘The General Fast‘, Figaro in London, 14 (1832), pp. 53-4.

45. ’Dietary Tables Issued by the Poor Law Commissioners for Cirencester Union, December 1836’, Hansard, HC, Volume 40, Image 3 (1836).

46. Anon., ‘Starvation Wholesome’, Champion and Weekly Herald, 25 December 1836, p. 119.

47. Testimony from Mr. Thomas Bourne, Select Committee on Poor Law Amendment Act: Third Report’, Hansard, HC, Volume 40, images 32-3, 35, 37-9, 47-9. (1837).

48. Anon., Suppressed Papers of the British Association, Left in Newcastle Upon Tyne in August Last’, Northern Liberator, 8 December 1838, p. [3].

49. John Eagles, ‘New Scheme for Maintaining the Poor’, Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, 43 (1838), pp. 489-93.

50. Testimony from Rev. D. Williams (Curate of Shalbourne),11 May 1838, and Testimony from John Bowen (Guardian of Bridgwater Union), 5 July 1838, Select Committee of House of Lords on Operation of Poor Law Amendment Act. Report, Minutes of Evidence, Index, Hansard, HC, Volume 41, Images 107-8, 889-890 (1837-38).

51. Charles Horace Wall, ‘How do Poor Men Live?’, Tait’s Edinburgh Magazine, 6 (1839), pp. 13-16, 19-20.

Part 6. Violence, Revolution, Crime

52. Anon., ‘London, Tuesday, August 24, 1819’, Times, 24 August 1819, p. 2.

53. Anon., ’The Debate upon the Address’, Times, 26 November 1819.

54. Anon., ‘Parliamentary Intelligence. House of Lords and House of Commons’, Tuesday, Nov, 30’, Times, 1 December 1819, pp. 1-2, 4.

55. William Johnston, ‘The Present Crisis’, Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, 28 (1830), pp. 690-4.

56. William Cobbett, ‘Feelosofical Quackery’, Cobbett’s Weekly Political Register, 74 (1831), pp. 551-8.

57. Anon., ’The Interpreter: Where may one Starve?’, Figaro in London, 2 (1833), pp. 169-70.

58. Anon., ‘The Town, a Ministerial Paper’, Leicester, or Commercial Agricultural Chronicle, 1 June 1833, p. [4].

59. Peter Quiz, ‘Radical Shooting, Letter to Editor of the Brighton Patriot’, Brighton Patriot and Lewes Free Press, 7 April 1835, p. [4].

60. Testimony from Rev. George Stringer Bull, 14 Aug 1838, Select Committee of House of Lords on Operation of Poor Law Amendment Act. Report, Minutes of Evidence, Index, Hansard, HC, Volume 41, Images 232-4, 255-6 (1837-38).

61. Anon., ’Stealing from Starvation’, Champion and Weekly Herald, 2 December 1838, p. 4.

62. A Commissioner, ‘Intercepted Report of a Poor Law Commissioner’, Figaro in London, 21 (1839), p. 18.

Index