Memory

Bennett L. Schwartz received his PhD in 1993 from Dartmouth College in New Hampshire. Since then he has been at Florida International University (FIU) in Miami, Florida, where he is currently professor of psychology. He is author or editor of 10 published books as well as over 70 journal articles and chapters. His textbook Memory: Foundations and Applications, fourth edition (SAGE), was published in 2020. He has won several teaching awards at FIU and currently teaches courses in memory, cognition, and sensation and perception. His main research area is metacognition and memory, but he has also conducted research in diverse areas that range from visual perception to evolutionary psychology, to the language of thought, and to memory in nonhuman primates. Schwartz currently serves as the editor in chief of New Ideas in Psychology.

Preface
About the Author
SECTION 1 • MEMORY AND PROCESSES OF MEMORY
Chapter 1 • Introduction to the Study of Memory
The Science of Memory
The History of Memory Research
Methods of Studying Memory
Memory Measures
Culture and Memory
Improving Memory Efficiency
Themes for the Book
Summary
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
Chapter 2 • Neuroscience of Memory
Old Questions, New Answers
Brain and Memory
The Neuron
Structures of the Human Brain
Interim Summary and Quiz
Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience
Neuropsychology: Memory Deficits and Amnesia
Chemical Enhancement of Memory
Olfaction, Memory, and the Brain
Genetic Approaches
Case Example: The Neuroscience of Face Memory
Summary
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
Chapter 3 • Working Memory
What Is Working Memory?
Some Terminological Clarifications
Sensory Memory
Working Memory Capacity
Memory Span Tasks
The Duration of Information in Working Memory
The Serial Position Curve and Its Implication for Working Memory
Section Summary and Quiz
The Working Memory Model of Baddeley
Working Memory Systems
Section Summary and Quiz
Working Memory and the Brain
Applications of Working Memory
Summary
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
Chapter 4 • Episodic Memory
Evidence for the Episodic/Semantic Distinction
Memory Processes: Encoding, Representation, and Retrieval
Section Summary and Quiz
Memory Processes: Encoding, Representation, and Retrieval
Directed Forgetting
Summary
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
Chapter 5 • Semantic Memory
Associative Structures in Semantic Memory
Semantic Priming and Lexical Decision Tasks
Sentence Verification Tasks
Bilingual Representation
Section Summary and Quiz
Concepts and Categories
Schemas and Scripts
Section Summary and Quiz
Representation and Imagery
Photographic Memory: Reality or Fantasy?
Cognitive Maps
Section Summary and Quiz
Language, Lexical Memory, and Semantic Memory
Section Summary and Quiz
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
SECTION 2 • ADVANCED TOPICS IN MEMORY
Chapter 6 • Autobiographical Memory
Conway’s Theory of Representation in Autobiographical Memory
Section Summary and Quiz
Childhood Amnesia
Flashbulb Memories
Collaborative Memory
Section Summary and Quiz
Diary Studies and Autobiographical Memory
The Cue-Word Technique for Eliciting Autobiographical Memories and the Reminiscence Bump
Aspects of Autobiographical Memory
The Neuroscience of Autobiographical Memory
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
Chapter 7 • False Memory
Correspondence, Accuracy, and Amount
Source Monitoring
Methods of Studying False Memory
Hypnosis and Memory
Section Summary and Quiz
Recovered Memories: The Reality of Repression
Section Summary and Quiz
Summary
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
Chapter 8 • Prospective Memory and Metamemory
Prospective Memory
Section Summary and Quiz
Metamemory
What Is Metamemory?
Theories of Metamemory
Section Summary and Quiz
Types of Judgments
Section Summary and Quiz
Control Processes in Metamemory
Other Kinds of Metamemory
Summary
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
Chapter 9 • Memory and Development
Memory in Children
Memory in Infancy
Section Summary and Quiz
Memory in Early Childhood
Section Summary and Quiz
Memory in Older Children
Metamemory in Children
Summary
Memory in Older Adults
Theories of Aging and Memory
Section Summary and Quiz
Age-Related Changes in Working Memory
Semantic Memory
Episodic Memory
Section Summary and Quiz
Metamemory in Older Adults
Use It or Lose It: Maintaining Memory Ability in Older Adults
Mnemonic Tips for Older Adults
The Neuroscience of Memory and Aging
Summary
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
SECTION 3 • APPLICATIONS OF MEMORY RESEARCH
Chapter 10 • Brain-Based Amnesia and Alzheimer’s Disease
What Is Amnesia?
Case Studies of Amnesia
Anterograde Amnesia
Section Summary and Quiz
Retrograde Amnesia
Frontal Syndrome
Transient Global Amnesia
Short-Term Memory Amnesia
Reduplicative Paramnesia and Capgras Syndrome
Section Summary and Quiz
Alzheimer’s Disease
Memory Rehabilitation
Summary
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
Chapter 11 • Memory and Clinical Disorders
Psychogenic Amnesia
Section Summary and Quiz
Memory in Schizophrenia
Memory and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Memory in Autism
Section Summary and Quiz
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
Chapter 12 • Applications 1: Legal Psychology
Applications of Memory Research to Legal Psychology
Eyewitness Memory
Effects of Wording on Memory of an Accident
The Misinformation Effect
Section Summary and Quiz
Children’s Eyewitness Memory
Section Summary and Quiz
Simultaneous and Sequential Lineups in Eyewitness Memory
The Cognitive Interview: More Information Without Suggestion
Section Summary and Quiz
Summary
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
Chapter 13 • Applications 2: Memory Improvement and Learning Efficiency
1. Process for Meaning
2. Engage in Retrieval Practice
Section Summary and Quiz
3. Use Metamemory
4. Distribute Your Practice
Section Summary and Quiz
Visual Mnemonics
Myths and Methods to Avoid
Mnemonists
Summary
Key Terms
Review Questions
Online Resources
Glossary
References
Author Index
Subject Index