Bioethics Across the Globe

Akira Akabayashi, MD, PhD is a Professor in the Department of Biomedical Ethics of the University of Tokyo, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, and an Adjunct Professor of the Division of Medical Ethics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, and USA. His research interests span cross-cultural bioethics, global bioethics, medical/clinical ethics such as informed consent, organ transplantation, and end-of-life issues, medical humanities, such as professionalism, public health ethics, research ethics, and bioethics policy making. As an academic researcher, he has published more than 200 original articles and more than 20 books/textbooks or chapters in English, in addition to many Japanese publications. These include the English textbook, Biomedical Ethics in Asia: A Casebook for Multicultural Learners. McGraw-Hill Education, published in 2010. As an educator, Professor Akabayashi has taught bioethics/medical ethics for over 25 years. Professor Akabayashi also serves as chair of the Research Ethics Committee at the Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine and the University of Tokyo, Faculty of Medicine for more than 15 years. He is also the Founding Director of Office for Human Research Studies where he conducts research ethics consultation at the University of Tokyo. Professor Akabayashi was has also been engaged in clinical ethics consultation as the Founding Director of the Clinical Ethics Center at the University of Tokyo Hospital. A part-time physician, he has worked in hospice care for ten years. Internationally, he has served a member of UNESCO’s International Bioethics Committee, and was a board member of International Association for Bioethics. He is currently a member of the International Advisory Board, Oxford Centre for Practical Ethics, Oxford. Professor Akabayashi serves as an editorial advisor for several international bioethics journals such as Journal of Medical Ethics, Cambridge Quarterly of HealthcareEthics, BMC Medical Ethics, and Asian Bioethics Review, and is a founding editor of the CBEL Report. Professor Akabayashi established the first Bioethics Center in Asia (University of Tokyo Center of Biomedical Ethics and Law: CBEL, www.cbel.jp ) in 2003. This center was acknowledged as a Global Center of Excellence in Japan, highlighting his strong leadership. This leadership is also reflected internationally, through Professor Akabayashi’s establishment of the Global Alliance of Biomedical Ethics Centers (GABEX) that comprises world class bioethics centers including The Hastings Center, USA, and the Ethox Center, Oxford University, UK. Work done by this network has resulted in a book, The Future of Bioethics: International Dialogues, edited by Professor Akabayashi (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2014). His current interest focuses on global bioethics, expanding dialogues among bioethics researchers throughout the world. He has also been also honored as a Fellow of The Hastings Center (USA) in 2008. He was elected as the President of Japan Association for Bioethics in 2017.

Chapter 1 A Brief History of Bioethics in Japan.- Chapter 2 Brain-death and organ transplantation: The first Japanese Path.- Chapter 3 Informed Consent, Familism, and the Nature of Autonomy.- Chapter 4 End-of-Life Care, Advance Directives, Withholding and Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Treatment, and The Goals of Medicine.- Chapter 5 The Moral Status of the Embryo: The Second Japanese Path.- Chapter 6 The Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident.- Chapter 7 Outcome egalitarianism and opportunity egalitarianism.- Chapter 8 Research Regulations, Ethics Committees, and Confronting Global Standards.- Chapter 9 Modern Medical Professionalism.- Chapter 10 What does it mean to be truly “interdisciplinary”?.- Chapter 11 Rebirthing Bioethics: Going Global.