Schopenhauer's Fourfold Root

Jonathan Head is Teaching Fellow at Keele University, UK. He has recently published papers on Kant’s philosophy of religion and various aspects of Schopenhauer’s philosophy. Dennis Vanden Auweele is postdoctoral researcher at the Faculty of Philosophy, KU Leuven (University of Leuven) and assistant professor in philosophy of religion at the Faculty of Theology, RUG (University of Groningen). His publications deal mostly with Kant’s philosophy of religion, Schopenhauer’s philosophy and contemporary philosophy of religion.

Introduction

Jonathan Head and Dennis Vanden Auweele



Part I: The Historical Context of Fourfold Root



1. Schopenhauer’s Metaphilosophy: How to Think a World Without Reason

Sebastian Gardner



2. The Fivefold Rood of the Principle of Sufficient Reason

Eric v.d. Luft



Part II: (Transcendental) Idealism in and Beyond the Fourfold Root



3. Idealism in Fourfold Root



Joanthan Head



4. "The World Knot": Schopenhauer’s Early Account of the Subject of Knowing and Willing in the Historic and Systematic Context of German Idealism

Günter Zöller



5. Schopenhauer’s Early Fourfold Root and the Ghost of Kantian Freedom

Sandra Shapshay



6. ‘A Most Beloved Piece of Nonsense’: The Ontological Argument and Metaphysics

Dennis Vanden Auweele



Part III: Consciousness and Sensation in Fourfold Root



7. Who Gets the Best of the Winged Cherub?: Reid and Schopenhauer Confront Early Modern Anglicanism

Graham McAleer



8. Idea and Concept in Schopenhauer: From the Early Manuscripts to the World as Will and Representation

Marco Casucci



9. Schopenhauer on Perception, Consciousness, and Self-awareness

Luis de Sousa



10. Beyond the Principle of Sufficient Reason?: Schopenhauer’s Aesthetic Phenomenology

Bart Vandenabeele



Part IV: Ethics, Motivation and Action



11 The Fourth Root and ‘the Miracle par Excellence’

Gudrun von Tevenar and Christine Lopes



12 Kant’s Theory of Freedom in Fourfold Root as the Progenitor of Schopenhauer’s Metaphysics of Will

Robert Wicks