The Handbook of English Linguistics

Bas Aarts is Professor of English Linguistics and Director of the Survey of English Usage at University College London, UK. His recent publications include Syntactic Gradience (2007), Oxford Modern English Grammar (2011), the Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar, second edition (with S. Chalker and E. Weiner, 2014), How to Teach Grammar (with I. Cushing and R. Hudson, 2019) and the Oxford Handbook of English Grammar (with J. Bowie and G. Popova, 2020). He is a founding editor of the journal English Language and Linguistics. April McMahon is Vice-President for Teaching, Learning and Students at the University of Manchester, UK, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, the British Academy, and the Learned Society of Wales. She is author of Understanding Language Change (1994) and An Introduction to English Phonology (Second Edition, 2020), and has published extensively on the historical phonology of English, language family relationships, and evolutionary linguistics. Lars Hinrichs is Associate Professor of English Language and Linguistics at the University of Texas at Austin, USA. He specializes in research on varieties of English around the world and corpus linguistics. He directs the Texas English Linguistics Lab, which studies variation and change in Texas English.

Notes on Contributors ix

1 Introduction 1
Lars Hinrichs, Bas Aarts, and April McMahon

Section 1: Methodology 5

2 Description and Theory 7
Kersti Börjars

3 English Corpus Linguistics 29
Benedikt Szmrecsanyi and Laura Rosseel

4 Experimental Approaches 45
Lauren Squires

5 English Grammar Writing 63
Andrew R. Linn

6 Data Collection 81
Charles F. Meyer and Gerald Nelson

Section 2: Syntax 103

7 English Word Classes and Phrases 105
Bas Aarts and Liliane Haegeman

8 Clause Types 131
Peter Collins

9 Complements and Adjuncts 145
Alexander Bergs

10 Tense in English 163
Laura A. Michaelis

11 Aspect and Aspectuality 183
Robert I. Binnick

12 Mood and Modality in English 207
Ilse Depraetere and Susan Reed

13 Information Structure 229
Martin Hilpert

14 Current Changes in English Syntax 249
Christian Mair and Geoffrey N. Leech

15 Constructions in English Grammar 277
Hans C. Boas

16 Syntactic Variation in English: A Global Perspective 299
Bernd Kortmann

Section 3: Phonetics and Phonology 323

17 English Phonetics 325
Jennifer Nycz

18 English Phonology and Morphology 345
Samuel K. Ahmed, Samuel Andersson, and Bert Vaux

19 Prosodic Phonology 365
Michael Hammond

20 Intonation 385
Francis Nolan

21 Phonological Variation: A Global Perspective 407
Paul Foulkes

Section 4: Lexis and Morphology 441

22 English Words 443
Donka Minkova and Robert Stockwell

23 Compounds and Minor Word‐Formation Types 463
Laurie Bauer

24 Productivity 483
Ingo Plag

25 Lexical Semantics 501
Éva Kardos

26 English Lexicography: A Global Perspective 525
Stefan Dollinger

Section 5: Discourse, Styles, and Usage 547

27 Speaking and Writing English 549
Jim Miller and Andreea S. Calude

28 English on Social Media 569
Brook Bolander

29 Gender, Sexuality, and the English Language 585
Evan Hazenberg

30 Language and Literature: Stylistics 601
Peter Stockwell

31 English Usage: Prescription and Description 615
Pam Peters

32 Mobility and the English Language 637
Amelia Tseng and Lars Hinrichs

Index 653