A State of Peace in Europe (eBook)

Petri Hakkarainen received his doctorate in Modern History from the University of Oxford in 2008. In 2009 he was awarded the Willy Brandt Prize for the 'advancement of outstanding young scholars' by the Chancellor Willy Brandt Foundation. He joined the Finnish Ministry for Foreign Affairs (MFA) in 2006 and worked at the Finnish Embassy in Berlin until the summer of 2012. He then spent over a year as Senior Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS) in Potsdam, focusing on the European and international dimensions of the German energy transition. Since September 2013 he has been Deputy Director for Policy Planning and Research at the Finnish MFA in Helsinki.

Chapter 1. Introduction: Era of Negotiations


European Détente

The CSCE

German Foreign Policy

On Structure and Sources


Chapter 2. 1966-69: Incubation of Strategies


The Early Years and the Eastern ‘Propaganda Circus’

The Budapest Appeal: ‘We Could Have Drafted it Ourselves’

Consultations Abroad, Electioneering at Home

Nobody Expects the Finnish Initiative

Promises of East-West Cooperation or an Instrument of Deutschlandpolitik?

Chancellery versus Auswärtiges Amt

Emphasis on Linkage: Bahr’s Foreign Policy Plans on the Eve of the Election

Bonn and the Security Conference during the Interregnum

Conclusion


Chapter 3. 1969-70: Bilateral Leverages and European Security


Western Support for the Linkage with Deutschlandpolitik

Horse-Trading in Moscow

Rethinking the Linkage Strategy

Berlin Surpasses Other Preconditions

Discovering the Potential of the CSCE

Conference on Security or Conference on Cooperation?

Conclusion


Chapter 4. 1970-71: Transition to Western Multilateralism


Following the French Lead on Berlin Linkage

Defending the Berlin Precondition in Lisbon

Divergent Interpretations of the ‘Successful Conclusion’

Nothing Quiet on the Western Front

Broadening the German Horizon in the NATO Framework

From America’s Advocate to the Main Proponent of EPC

Conclusion


Chapter 5. 1971-72: Towards a European Peace Order?


The Decline of the Linkage between the CSCE and Deutschlandpolitik

Hesitating on the Berlin Precondition

Blackmailing the Finns?

An Inner-German Shotgun Wedding

Europeanisation of Ostpolitik

In Defence of the Eastern Treaties and Bonn’s Sovereignty

A New Flow of German Activity

Peaceful Change, Self-Determination of Peoples and Military Security

Freer Movement: Change through Rapprochement?

Berlin as a CSCE Location?

Avoiding Bilateralism

Conclusion


Chapter 6. 1972-75: Deutschlandpolitik at the Conference


Alphabet Diplomacy in Dipoli

Peaceful Change, Act 1: Defending the Moscow Treaty

Peaceful Change, Act 2: Enter Genscher

Peaceful Change, Act 3: Commas for the National Interest

Basket III: Human Contacts

Follow-up and Berlin

Conclusion


Chapter 7. Conclusion: Evolution instead of Revolution

Sources and Bibliography