Biological Barriers in Behavioral Medicine

1 Self-Regulation Theory in Behavioral Medicine: An Introduction.- Historical Developments.- Potential of the Self-Regulation Theory.- The Modified Health Belief Model.- References.- 2 Biological Barriers in the Treatment of Alcoholism.- Behavioral Treatments for Alcoholism.- Biological Factors Associated with Alcohol Abuse.- Implications of Biological Factors Associated with Alcohol Consumption for the Behavioral Treatment of Alcoholism.- References.- 3 Causes and Effects of Obesity: Implications for Behavioral Treatment.- Causes of Obesity.- Effects of Obesity.- A Biobehavioral Treatment Model.- References.- 4 Biobehavioral Approaches to Smoking Control.- Smoking Behavior and Learning.- Biobehavioral Processes in Smoking.- Models of Smoking Processes.- Current Approaches to Smoking Prevention and Reduction.- Implications and Conclusions.- References.- 5 Considerations in the Treatment of Insomnia.- The Complaint of Insomnia.- Traditional Treatments for Insomnia.- Behavioral Treatments.- Biological Considerations.- Medications.- Respiratory Disorders.- Circadian Rhythm Disorders.- Aging.- Nocturnal Myclonus and Restless Legs.- Additional Considerations.- Recommendations.- References.- 6 Self-Regulation and Type A Behavior.- Preliminary Findings of the Recurrent Coronary Prevention Project: Attrition and Outcome Data.- A Model of Self-Regulation and Type A Behavior.- Physiological Mechanisms in Type A Behavior.- Behavioral Self-Regulatory Mechanisms in Type A: Seeking Out Challenge.- Cognitive Self-Regulatory Mechanisms in Type A: Symptom Denial, Selective Attention, and Attributional Biases.- Physiological Consequences of Self-Regulatory Mechanisms.- Implications for Treatment.- Summary and Directions for Future Research.- References.- 7 Biopsychological Barriers to the Behavioral Treatment of Hypertension.- Behavioral Treatments.- Physiological Regulation of Normal and Abnormal Blood Pressure Levels.- Biopsychological Sequelae of High Blood Pressure.- Implications of Biological and Psychobiological Findings for the Behavioral Treatment of Hypertension.- References.- 8 Psychophysiological Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract.- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).- Psychological Considerations.- Physiological Factors.- Disorders of the Esophagus.- Psychological and Behavioral Treatment Approaches for IBS and Esophageal Disorders.- Summary.- References.- 9 Asthma.- Pathophysiology.- Psychological Factors.- The Self-Management of Asthma.- Conclusions.- References.- 10 Pain.- Acute versus Chronic Pain.- Psychological Approaches to Pain Management.- Biofeedback.- Childbirth.- Biological Mechanisms in Pain.- Conclusions.- References.- 11 Understanding and Preventing Relapse.- Commonalities and Differences in the Addictions.- Rates and Definition.- Lapse and Relapse: Process versus Outcome.- The Nature and Process of Relapse.- The Need for a Natural History.- Stages of Change.- The Consequences of Relapse.- Relapse: Failure or Incremental Learning?.- Determinants and Predictors of Lapse and Relapse.- Individual and Intrapersonal Factors.- Physiological Factors.- Environmental and Social Factors.- Individual, Environmental, and Physiological Factors: An Interaction.- Prevention of Lapse and Relapse.- Recommendations for Research.- Conclusions.- References.