A Companion to Europe Since 1945

Klaus Larres is the Richard M. Krasno Distinguished Professor of History and International Affairs at the University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill in the U.S. He is also a Senior Fellow at the Center for Transatlantic Relations at the School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) of Johns Hopkins University in Washington, DC.

Notes on Contributors ix

Acknowledgments xi

Maps xii–xiii

Introduction 1
Klaus Larres

Part I Europe in Transition: From War to Cold War 5

1 From War to Cold War 7
Mark Gilbert

2 Federalism and the Beginnings of European Union 25
John Pinder

Part II Europe and the Cold War World 45

3 The Cold War: The Western European Perspective 47
Ian Jackson

4 The Soviet Bloc and the Cold War in Europe 67
Mark Kramer

5 Economic Developments in Western and Eastern Europe since 1945 95
Ian Jackson

6 The End of Empires: Decolonization and Its Repercussions 113
David R. Devereux

7 European Integration: From the Common Market to the Single Market 133
Desmond Dinan

8 The United States and European Integration, 1945–1990 151
Klaus Larres

9 The Churches and Christianity in Cold War Europe 183
Dianne Kirby

10 The End of the Cold War and the Unifi cation of the European Continent 208
Carine Germond

Part III Europe Since 1990: Political and Economic Developments 229

11 Transatlantic Relations since the End of the Cold War: Permanent Alliance or Partnership in Peril? 231
Robert Hutchings

12 Europe and Economic Globalization since 1945 249
Alfred E. Eckes Jr.

13 Economic Integration since Maastricht 270
Christopher Flockton

14 Political Parties in Europe since 1945 302
Roger Eatwell

15 The Genesis of a European Security and Defence Policy 323
Ralph Dietl

16 Europe’s Experience of Terrorism since 1945: A Brief Overview 355
Paul Wilkinson

Part IV Europe Since 1990: Social and Cultural Developments 367

17 The Quest for a European Identity: A Europe without Europeans? 369
Ruth Wittlinger

18 Europe and Post-Cold War Nationalism 387
Claire Sutherland

19 The Participatory Revolution: New Social Movements and Civil Society 407
Ingolfur Blühdorn

20 Postwar Europe: A Continent Built on Migration 432
Panikos Panayi

21 Changing Norms of Masculinity and Femininity: Development in Gender Relations and Family Structures in Europe 450
Laura den Dulk

22 Europe and the Welfare State since 1945 472
Steen P. Mangen

Index 501