Sampling and Analysis of Environmental Chemical Pollutants (eBook)

Cover 1
CONTENTS 1
INTRODUCTION 1
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1
1. The sample and the error 8
1.1 THE CONCEPT OF RELEVANT AND VALID DATA 1
1.2 IMPORTANCE OF A STEPWISE APPROACH 1
1.3 SEVEN STEPS OF THE SAMPLE’S LIFE 1
1.4 TOTAL ERROR AND ITS SOURCES 1
1.5 TOTAL ERROR AND DATA USABILITY 1
2. Bird’s eye view of project planning 18
2.1 WHAT ARE DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES? 1
2.2 DEFINITIVE, SCREENING, AND EFFECTIVE DATA 1
2.3 REGULATORY OVERVIEW AND ACTION LEVELS 1
2.4 HOW TO NAVIGATE THE ANALYTICAL METHOD MAZE 1
2.5 SAMPLING STRATEGIES 1
2.6 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE SAMPLES 1
2.7 COST ESTIMATE 1
2.8 PLANNING DOCUMENTS 1
2.9 ANALYTICAL METHOD AND LABORATORY SELECTION 1
2.10 PREPAREDNESS AND COORDINATION 1
3. Practical approach to sampling 96
3.1 SEVEN STEPS OF THE SAMPLING PROCESS 1
3.2 SAMPLE CUSTODY AND TRACKING 1
3.3 SAMPLE PRESERVATION TECHNIQUES 1
3.4 SAMPLE PACKAGING AND SHIPMENT 1
3.5 SOIL SAMPLING DESIGNS 1
3.6 WATER SAMPLING 1
3.7 SURFACE SAMPLING WITH WIPES 1
3.8 EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION 1
3.9 FIELD MEASUREMENTS 1
3.10 FIELD RECORDS 1
4. Understanding the analytical laboratory 190
4.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR LABORATORY OPERATION 1
4.2 LABORATORY ORGANIZATION 1
4.3 THE SEVEN STEPS OF LABORATORY PROCESS 1
4.4 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS 1
4.5 COMPOUND QUANTITATION 1
4.6 LABORATORY QUALITY ASSURANCE 1
5. Data quality assessment 272
5.1 DATA EVALUATION 1
5.2 THE SEVEN STEPS OF DATA EVALUATION 1
5.3 THE SEVEN STEPS OF THE DATA QUALITY ASSESSMENT 1
Appendices 1
Appendix 1: Definitions of Basic Statistical Terms 1
Appendix 2: Toxic and Conventional Pollutants for the Clean Water Act National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System 1
Appendix 3: Maximum Contaminant Concentrations for the Toxicity Characteristic 1
Appendix 4: List of California Toxic Substances, Their Soluble Threshold Limit Concentrations and Total Threshold Limit Concentrations 314
Appendix 5: PCB Cleanup Levels for Various Matrices 1
Appendix 6: The EPA Quality Assurance Project Plan Table of Contents 1
Appendix 7: Example of a Sampling and Analysis Plan Table of Contents 1
Appendix 8: Example of a Field Sampling Supplies and Equipment Checklist 1
Appendix 9: Example of a Chain-of-Custody Form 1
Appendix 10: Example of a Custody Seal and a Sample Label 1
Appendix 11: Example of a Sample Tracking Log 1
Appendix 12: Analytical Method References, Containers, Preservation, and Holding Time for Soil Samples 1
Appendix 13: Analytical Method Requirements, Sample Containers, Preservation, and Holding Time for Water Samples 1
Appendix 14: Stockpile Statistics Worksheet 1
Appendix 15: Example of a Sample Container Tracking Log 1
Appendix 16: Example of a Groundwater Sampling Form 1
Appendix 17: Example of a Laboratory Cooler Receipt Form 1
Appendix 18: Gas Chromatography or High Performance Liquid Chromatography Data Package Content 1
Appendix 19: Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Data Package Content 1
Appendix 20: Trace Element Analysis Data Package Content 1
Appendix 21: Inorganic Data Package Content 1
Appendix 22: Calculations Used for Compound Quantitation 1
Appendix 23: Data Evaluation Checklist„Organic Compound Analysis 1
Appendix 24: Data Evaluation Checklist„Trace Element Analysis 1
Appendix 25: Data Evaluation Checklist„Inorganic Compound Analysis 1
REFERENCES 1
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 1
Index 1