Risk Management of Education Systems (eBook)

Dr. Anat Even Zahav is an Adjunct Lecturer at Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. Dr. Orit Hazzan is a Professor in the Faculty of Education in Technology and Science at the same institution. Dr. Hazzan’s other publications with Springer include The MERge Model for Business Development, Guide to Teaching Computer Science, Agile Anywhere – Essays on Agile Projects and Beyond, and Agile Software Engineering.

Preface 6
Risk Management—Context and Rationale 6
Brief Organization 7
Terminology 9
Divisions of the Ministry of Education Related to STEM Education in Secondary Schools 9
Technology Education Under the Supervision of Other Ministries 10
Contents 11
List of Figures 14
List of Tables 15
1 STEM Education in the World 16
Abstract 16
1.1 Introduction 16
1.2 Characteristics of Successful Education Systems 17
1.2.1 The Teaching Profession 18
1.2.2 Diversity 19
1.3 Summary 20
References 20
2 Strategic Analysis 21
Abstract 21
2.1 A Strategic Analysis Model 21
2.2 SWOT Analysis 22
2.3 Delphi Method 23
2.4 Risk Management 24
2.5 Summary 28
References 29
3 STEM Education in Israel: A Case Study 31
Abstract 31
3.1 STEM Education in Israel: Past and Present 31
3.2 Research Framework 33
3.2.1 Research Methodology 33
3.2.2 Research Participants 34
3.2.3 Research Tools 35
3.2.4 Research Process 36
3.3 Summary 37
References 38
4 Phase A: Risk Identification—Identification of Risk Categories by SWOT Analysis of STEM Education in Israel 39
Abstract 39
4.1 Conflicts and Barriers 39
4.1.1 The Bureaucratic-Professional Conflict 39
4.1.2 Barriers in Change Processes 41
4.2 Seven Risk Categories 42
4.2.1 Risk Category: Sectors in STEM Education 43
4.2.2 Risk Category: Teachers—Opportunities, Training, and Social Status 50
4.2.3 Risk Category: Curriculum of STEM Subjects 52
4.2.4 Risk Category: Study Sequences—School, Higher Education, Military, Labor Market 54
4.2.5 Risk Category: Management of STEM Education 56
4.2.6 Risk Category: Social Perceptions 58
4.2.7 Risk Category: National Programs in STEM Education 60
4.3 Summary 61
References 61
5 Phase B: Risk Rating 63
Abstract 63
5.1 The “Risk Management—Risk Rating” Questionnaire 63
5.1.1 The “Risk Management—Risk Rating” Questionnaire Formulation 64
5.1.2 The “Risk Management—Risk Rating” Questionnaire Distribution 65
5.1.3 The “Risk Management—Risk Rating” Questionnaire Analysis 65
5.2 Finding: Risks Rating—Identification of Significant Risks for STEM Education in Israel 70
5.2.1 The Scores of the 43 Risk Factors 71
5.2.2 Grouping the Risk Factors by Three Levels of Severity: High, Medium, and Low 72
5.2.3 Risk Categories Rating by Their Severity Impact on STEM Education in Israel 75
5.3 Summary 76
References 76
6 Phase C: Risk Response 77
Abstract 77
6.1 Introduction to the Response Phase: Operational Risks, Strategic Risks, and External Risks 77
6.2 Response Plan 80
6.3 Four Strategic Risks and 13 Courses of Action 86
6.3.1 Strategic Risk 1: The Social Status of the Teaching Profession in Israel 89
6.3.2 Strategic Risk 2: Public Image of Technology Education 93
6.3.3 Strategic Risk 3: Negative Perceptions Regarding Science Subjects 95
6.3.4 Strategic Risk 4: Sectoral Gaps 97
6.4 Cross-Sector Collaboration in Risk Management of STEM Education 99
6.5 Summary 101
References 101
7 What Can STEM Education Systems in the World Learn from the Israeli Case? 103
Abstract 103
7.1 Meta-Practices of Risk Management 103
7.2 Summary 105
Reference 105