Migration and Integration (eBook)

Dr. Roland Hsu ist stellvertretender Direktor des Stanford Humanities Center und assoziierter Wissenschaftler am Europäischen Zentrum des Freeman Spogli Instituts für Internationale Studien der Stanford University.

Title Page 4
Copyright 5
Table of Contents 6
Body 8
Acknowledgements 8
Roland Hsu (Stanford University): Settling Peoples: Lessons from Diasporas and Difference 10
Resettling: Looking behind the Experience of Integration 12
Essays in this Volume 18
References 20
Part One – Migration: Experiencing New Mobility 28
Zhongshan Yue / Shuzhuo Li (Xi'an Jiaotung University) / Marcus W. Feldman (Stanford University): Social Integration of Rural-Urban Migrants: Policy Challenges for China 30
Introduction 30
Background 31
Social Integration of Rural-Urban Migrants 33
Data and Methods 34
Measures 35
Analytical Strategy 39
Determinants of Social Integration 39
Institutional Determinants 40
Non-Institutional Determinants: A Social Network Perspective 42
Policy Challenges Facing China 45
References 47
Raimund Haindorfer / Roland Verwiebe / Christoph Reinprecht / Laura Wiesböck (University of Vienna): Economic Outcomes and Life Satisfaction of East-West Commuters in the Central European Region 50
Introduction 50
New Facets of Cross-Border Commuting in the Central European Region 51
Cross-Border Commuting: Economic Outcomes and Life Satisfaction 53
Data and Methods 54
Dependent Variables 55
Independent Variables 55
Wages and Life Satisfaction of Cross-Border Commuters in Austria – Descriptive Analysis 56
Labor Market Outcomes – Determinants of Cross-Border Commuters' Wages 58
Determinants of Cross-Border Commuters' Life Satisfaction 61
Conclusions 63
References 65
Part Two – Integration: Models for Trust 70
Nils Holtug (University of Copenhagen): Multiculturalism and Social Cohesion 72
Introduction 72
Multicultural Community Conceptions 73
Causal Explanations 75
Individual Community Conceptions and Social Cohesion 78
Effects of Multicultural Policies on Social Cohesion 80
Reasons for Caution 82
References 83
David D. Laitin (Stanford University): Exodus: Reflections on European Migration Policy 86
References 94
Rennie J. Moon (Yonsei University) / Gi-Wook Shin (Stanford University): Embracing Diversity in Higher Education: Comparing Discourses in the US, Europe, and Asia 96
Introduction 96
Discourses of Inclusion in American Higher Education 96
Discourses of Inclusion in European Higher Education 99
Inclusive Frameworks for Asian Higher Education? 102
Concluding Remarks 105
References 105
Part Three – Resettlement: Responding Effectively 110
Alexander Betts (University of Oxford) / Mariano-Florentino Cuéllar (Stanford University) / Aparna Surendra (Stanford University): Humanitarian Innovation, Integration, and the Architecture of Refugee Protection 112
Introduction 112
Context: Forced Migration, Humanitarian Action, and the Architecture of Refugee Protection 115
The Challenge of Innovation, with Applications to UNHCR 119
UNHCR and Innovation 119
Understanding Innovation in Theory and Practice 120
The Importance of Integration as a Goal for Humanitarian Innovation 122
Case Studies and Implications 124
Case Study 1: Architecture, Collaboration and Settlement Redesign 125
Case Study 2: Rethinking Refugee Livelihoods and Self-Reliance 129
Implications: Reflecting on Innovation, Integration, and the Architecture of Refugee Protection 132
Conclusion 134
References 134
Sieglinde Rosenberger / Carla Küffner (University of Vienna): After the Deportation Gap: Non-Removed Persons and their Pathways to Social Rights 138
Introduction 138
The Deportation Gap 140
The Category “Non-Removed Persons” 143
The Rights of Non-Removed Persons 144
Pathways to Social Rights: The Case of Austria 145
Discretion for the Sake of Non-Politicization 147
Conclusions 148
References 149
List of Interviews 151
Part Four – Land and Labor: Indigenous and Immigrant Rights 152
C. Matthew Snipp / Karina Kloos / Dolly Kikon (Stanford University): Suffering for Territory: Immigrant Claims and Indigenous Rights in the United States and India 154
Introduction 154
Rights and Aspirations 155
Indigenous Rights 155
Immigrant Aspirations 156
The Role of Nation-States 157
Immigration and Indigenous People in the United States 159
Immigration and Indigenous People in Northeast India 165
Colonizing with Indigenous Immigrants 167
Conclusion: International law and the U.N.-DRIP 168
References 170
Peter Cirenza (London School of Economics): Geography and Assimilation: A Case Study of Irish Immigrants in Late Nineteenth Century America 174
Introduction 174
Extent of Geographic Clustering 175
Geographic Clustering and Assimilation 184
Geographic Clustering and Occupational Mobility 185
Occupational Benefits of Geographic Clustering? 191
Conclusion 194
Appendix 1 195
Data 195
Appendix 2 196
List of Irish Immigrant Occupations Based on Clustering Index 196
References 200
Part Five – Reception and Recognition 202
Paola Mattei (St Antony's College, University of Oxford): Religious Diversity in French Schools: From the 1989 affaires des foulards to the 2004 Headscarf Ban 204
Introduction 204
Background 204
The Obin Report and the Administrative Problem of Managing Diversity in Schools 207
The Recommendations of the Bernard Stasi Committee 209
Parliamentary Debate of the 2004 Ban 211
Conclusions: The Flexibility of Laicité 213
References 214
Claire Lévy-Vroelant: The “Immigrant” through the Prism of Hospitality “à la française” 216
Introduction: What Has “Immigrant” Come to Mean 216
The Narrow Path to Residency 218
Immigration, between Repression and Integration 220
Hospitality, an Ambiguous Virtue 221
The Vagaries of Illegality 222
Housing and the Ambiguity of the Invitee 224
Parasitism and Resistance Hospitality 225
Conclusion: Beyond Hospitality 226
References 226
Heinz Fassmann (University of Vienna): Rethinking Migration Policy in Austria 230
Introduction 230
Migration to Austria: Facts and Figures 230
The Overall Demographic Change 231
Geographical Origin 231
Qualification and Employment 232
Age Structure 233
Spatial Distribution in Austria 234
Changing Paradigm 235
The Legacy of the Guest Worker Migration 236
The Shift to Highly Qualified Migration 237
The Emergence of an Integration Policy 239
Outlook: The Neoliberal Shift 241
References 242
List of Contributors 244
Index 252