Integrated Spatial and Transport Infrastructure Development (eBook)

Since 2009 Hansjörg Drewello is full professor for Economics, first at the University of Applied Sciences Göttingen, since 2010 at the University of Applied Sciences Kehl. He is the German Director of the European Competence and Research Centre of Cluster Management. His research focuses on transport economics as well as on regional economics. From 2001 to 2008 he was managing director of the Chamber of Commerce Karlsruhe. Bernd Scholl has been a full professor for Spatial Planning and Development at the Institute for Spatial and Landscape Planning at the ETH Zurich. His teaching and research focal points are on land and spatial management in the local and regional development, space and infrastructure development, transnational tasks as well as development and organization of innovative planning processes and methods in spatial planning and regional development. From 1997 to 2006 Bernd Scholl directed the Institute for Urban Development and Regional Planning at the University of Karlsruhe as a full professor for the chair of the same name. During this time, Bernd Scholl acted as a chairman and member of numerous international expert commissions and urban development juries.

Foreword 6
Foreword 10
Contents 12
Introduction 15
References 21
Part I: Developing the Transport Corridor Rotterdam-Genoa Within Spaces of National and European Importance 22
Spatial Planning and Development in a European and Macro-regional Context 23
1 Introduction 23
1.1 European Spatial Development from Concept to Territorial Agenda 24
1.2 The Need for Action- and Problem-Oriented Spatial Development 27
1.3 TEN-T Projects as Pioneering Works 30
1.4 Integrated Corridor Development Approach 32
1.5 Structure of this Contribution 32
2 The Need for Action- and Problem-Oriented Spatial Development 34
2.1 Starting Points are Complex Strategic Tasks 35
2.2 Paradigm of Spatial Planning 36
2.3 Consequences of the Methodology Applied 37
3 Sustainable Development in Spaces of European Importance: Transit Spaces 37
4 CODE24 Initiative: An Approach to Integrated Space and Transport Planning 40
4.1 Corridor Implementation 42
4.2 Overview of the Alpine Arc and Other Flat Railways 43
4.3 Importance of the Harbours for Hinterland Transport 44
4.4 The Problem of Bottlenecks: Separation of Goods Transport from Passenger Transport 45
4.5 The Potential of Inner Development 47
4.6 The Importance of the Rhine River as an Inland Waterway 49
4.7 Intermediate Results 51
4.8 Achievements 51
4.9 What to Do Next 52
5 Conclusions for the Practice of an Integrated Corridor Development 54
5.1 Initiation Phase 54
5.2 Exploration Phase 54
5.3 Development of a Common Strategy Phase 55
5.4 Joint In-Depth Analysis Phase 55
5.5 Implementation Phase 56
6 Closing Remarks 57
References 57
Reasoning in a Macro Level Spatial Context 60
1 Introduction 60
2 Framework 61
3 Traps 63
3.1 Hidden Gaps 63
3.2 Hidden Misunderstandings 64
3.3 Overestimating One´s Knowledge: Anchoring and Adjustment 65
3.4 Neglecting Possibilities with Low Probabilities 68
4 Maxims 68
4.1 Total Evidence 68
4.2 Competition in Three Cycles 69
4.3 Possibilities First, Probabilities Later 69
4.4 Mixing Codes 69
4.5 Economical Investigation [Sparmaxime] 72
5 Conclusions 72
References 73
Exploring the Affordances of Collaborative Problem-Solving Technologies in the Development of European Corridors 75
1 Introduction 75
2 The Characteristics of Spatial Planning Problems and the Need for Problem-Solving Support 77
3 The Concept of Affordance 79
4 Invito as a CPS Technology 80
5 Empirical Case Vignette 81
6 Discussion and Conclusion 86
References 87
Corridor Development from a Regional Perspective: The Case of the Frankfurt/Rhine-Main Region 91
1 Aim of the Contribution 92
2 The European Framework for the Rotterdam-Genoa Corridor 92
3 Rotterdam-Genoa Corridor: Relevance-Impact-Potential 93
4 The Frankfurt/Rhine-Main Region: Structure and Context 96
5 The Need for Interregional Cooperation 97
6 The CODE24 Process and Stakeholder Involvement 101
7 Conclusions 105
References 106
Challenges for Corridors: Future Perspectives on European Corridor Development 108
1 Introduction 109
2 Corridor Development in Europe: Definitions, Issues and Debates 110
2.1 What are Corridors? 110
2.2 What are (Still) the Issues? 112
2.3 Integrated Corridor Development in Europe? 113
3 Why Integration Doesn´t Work: Evidence from the Economic Dimension 114
4 Why Integration Works: Evidence from the Transport Dimension 116
5 Evidence Pro and Con the Integration Argument 118
6 Future Perspectives on European Corridor Development 120
References 121
Part II: Regional Accessibility: An Important Locational Factor 124
Bottlenecks and Regional Economic Impact: Simulations with the CODE24 Transport Model 125
1 Introduction 126
2 Bottlenecks in Transport Markets 126
2.1 What is a Bottleneck in Freight Transportation? 126
2.2 The ``Rheintalbahn´´ as a Bottleneck 128
3 The CODE24 Transport Model: Structure of a Traffic Model for the Calculation of Transport Costs and Accessibility 130
3.1 Development 131
3.2 Results 132
4 Simulation of the CODE24 Transport Model 134
5 Conclusions 137
References 138
Comparative Analysis of Accessibility for Freight Transport in Corridor Regions: Results of Two Case Studies 140
1 Introduction 140
2 Theoretical Considerations: Accessibility and Transport Costs as Locational Factors 141
3 CODE24 Accessibility Scheme for Freight Transport 142
4 Freight Transport Accessibility 144
5 Methodology and Model Applied 145
6 Quantitative Evaluation 146
7 Qualitative Accessibility in the Technology Region of Karlsruhe and the Region of Liguria 147
8 Conclusions 151
References 152
Towards an Integrated Railway Network along the Genoa-Rotterdam Corridor 154
1 Introduction 155
2 High Speed Rail: A Review of Experiences 156
3 An Analysis of Passenger Flow along the Rhine-Alpine Corridor 159
4 High Speed and Long Distance Rail Services: The System along the Rhine-Alpine Corridor 162
5 High Speed and Long Distance Rail Services: Integration along the Rhine-Alpine Corridor 164
6 High Speed and Long Distance Rail Services along the Rhine-Alpine Corridor: Integration with Local Connections 167
7 Conclusions and Open Issues 171
References 173
Part III: Logistic Processes: Organizing Efficient Freight Transport in the Corridor Rotterdam-Genoa 176
Evaluation of Impacts of Logistics Clusters in the Corridor Rotterdam-Genoa 177
1 Introduction 177
2 Logistics Clusters 178
3 Methodology of the Case Studies 179
4 Definition of the Study Area 179
5 Expert Interviews 180
6 Indicators of Regional Economic Structures and Analysis of Location Factors 181
7 Analysis of the Spatial Distribution of Logistics Service Providers 183
8 Comparison of the Case Study Results 184
9 Definition of the Study Area 184
9.1 Summary and Practical Application 185
10 Regional Economic Structure 185
10.1 Summary and Practical Application 186
11 Road, Railway and Inland Waterways 188
11.1 Summary and Practical Application 188
12 Available Commercial Space 190
12.1 Summary and Practical Application 190
13 Partnerships, Associations and Logistics in Research and Teaching 192
13.1 Summary and Practical Application 192
14 Spatial Distribution of Logistics Service Providers 194
14.1 Summary and Practical Application 195
15 Practical Application and Implementation: Economic Promotion, Regional Planning, Cluster Management 195
References 197
Linking Terminal Ports to the Hinterland 199
1 Port Hinterland Analysis 199
1.1 Port Hinterland Definition: The Methodology 200
1.2 Genoa and Rotterdam Hinterlands 200
2 Creation of a Port Performance Indicator 204
2.1 The Methodology at a Glance 205
2.2 Application of PPI to Genoa and Rotterdam 207
2.2.1 Genoa and the Mediterranean Ports 208
2.2.2 Rotterdam and the North European Ports 210
3 Improving Rail Connection Capability from the Ligurian Ports to the Hinterland 213
4 Conclusions 216
References 217
Online Rail Freight Exchange (ORFE): Better Rail Competitiveness and Acceptance 218
1 Goal of this Contribution 219
2 Booming Rail Freight in Europe? 219
3 What is an Online Rail Freight Exchange? 223
4 Objectives of ORFE within CODE24 223
5 Method 224
6 Market Contribution of an Online Rail Freight Platform 225
7 ORFE Requirements in View of Potential Users 227
8 Quest for Operator and Market Entrance 228
9 ORFE Implications and Conclusions 231
References 232
Inland Port Development 234
1 Introduction 234
2 Master Plan Port.City.Mannheim 2035+ 235
2.1 Land Use and Site Potential 236
2.1.1 Land Use Analysis 236
2.1.2 Site Potential Analysis 236
2.1.3 Site Potential Port of Mannheim 238
2.2 Forecast of Port Throughput and Land Requirement 239
2.3 Scenarios 240
2.4 Next Step: Evaluation of Scenarios 241
3 Cooperation between the Nine Upper Rhine Inland Ports 241
3.1 The Inland Ports in a Growing Market 242
3.2 Potential of Modal Shift 243
3.3 Infrastructure Capacities 244
3.4 A Common Masterplan 246
3.5 Implementation of the Masterplan and Creation of a Common Governance Structure 247
4 Summary 248
References 248
On the Way to a better Interoperability in the Upper Rhine 250
1 The Logistics Service Centre Lahr 251
1.1 Introduction 251
1.2 Study Design 252
1.3 Procedure 252
2 The Location: StartkLahr Airport and Business Park Raum Lahr 253
2.1 The Location and Structure of the startkLahr Area 253
2.2 The Industrial-Commercial Use of the startkLahr Area 254
3 The Market Potential of a Freight Terminal in the Logistics Service Centre Lahr 255
3.1 Competition Analysis 255
3.2 Potential Analysis: Unaccompanied Combined Freight Transport 256
3.3 Potential Analysis: Accompanied Combined Freight Transport (Rolling Highway) 256
3.4 Layout and Space Requirement 257
4 The Regional Economic Effects of a Freight Terminal in the Logistics Service Centre Lahr 258
4.1 Methodical Aspects 258
4.1.1 Effects of the Supply Side 258
4.1.2 Structural Effects from the Demand Aspect 258
4.1.3 Location Effects from the Demand Aspect 258
4.2 Value Creating Effects 259
4.2.1 Initial Situation: Value Creation in the Ortenau District 259
4.2.2 Value Creation from the Operation of the Lahr Freight Terminal 259
4.2.3 Value Creation from Use of the Lahr Freight Terminal 259
4.2.4 Value Creating Effects for the Ortenau District 261
5 Operating Concept and Operator Model for a Freight Terminal in the Logistics Service Centre Lahr 262
5.1 Operational Concepts for the Rolling Highway and for Unaccompanied Combined Transport 262
5.2 Operator Model 262
6 Summary 263
References 264
Part IV: Environmental Aspects of Railway Infrastructure Development 265
Noise Reduction in the Railway Corridor Rotterdam-Genoa: Observations within the Project CODE24 266
1 The CODE24 Perspective on the Corridor Rotterdam-Genoa 267
1.1 Integrated Perspective 267
1.2 Polycentric Network 267
1.3 Increasing Transport Needs 267
2 Railway Noise in the Framework of CODE24 268
2.1 Common Experiences 269
2.2 Common Difficulties 270
3 ``Auralisation´´ as a New Tool to Support Planning and Decision-Making Processes 271
4 Conclusion 273
References 274
Management of Ecological Compensation Measures 275
1 Goal of the Contribution 276
2 Ecological Compensation 277
2.1 General Requirements for Ecological Impact Compensation for Infrastructure Projects 277
2.2 Comparison of the CODE24 Partners 278
3 Management of Ecological Compensation Measures in Germany 278
3.1 Institutions and Stakeholders 278
3.2 Legislation and Regulations 279
3.3 Methods and Instruments 279
3.3.1 Eco-accounts 280
3.3.2 Compensation Pools 280
3.3.3 Compensation Agency 281
3.3.4 Compensation Register 281
3.3.5 Integrated Compensation Measures 282
3.3.6 Monetary Compensation 282
4 International Comparison 283
4.1 International Workshop 283
4.2 Regional Workshop 284
5 Green Infrastructure 286
6 Conclusion 287
References 289
Part V: Regions Participating in Development Procedures of European Transport Infrastructure 290
The Consideration of Local Preferences in Transport Infrastructure Development: Lessons from the Economics of Federalism 291
1 Introduction 291
2 The Economic Theory of Federalism 292
2.1 The Provision of Public Goods in Countries with a Federal Structure 293
2.2 Institutional Congruence as an Efficiency Criterion for Federal Systems 294
2.3 The Coase Theorem: A Possible Solution for Institutional Incongruence 295
3 The German Planning Process for Rail Infrastructure: The Case of the Rheintalbahn 296
3.1 The Rheintalbahn Expansion 297
3.2 The Planning Process 297
3.3 The Project Advisory Board 300
4 Conclusion 303
References 303
The Extension of the Betuweroute: The Competition of Ideas in the Wesel District 305
1 Introduction 305
2 Objectives and Methods 306
3 Task 308
4 The Results of the Expert Teams 309
4.1 Analysis of the Team of Postgraduates ``CODE24´´ 309
4.1.1 Regional Strategy 309
4.1.2 The Lippemouth Area 310
4.1.3 Extension of the Railway Line and the Railway Nodes 310
4.1.4 Regional Noise Protection 310
4.1.5 Measures for Noise Abatement 311
4.2 Analysis Team Schüßler-Plan 312
4.3 Analysis Team Moik 314
5 Noise Propagation Forecast 315
6 Conclusion: The Findings of the Ideas Workshop 317
References 317
European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation: Giving a Voice to Local and Regional Government in European Infrastructure Devel... 319
1 The Need for Further Cooperation 319
2 What Kind of Legal Form for a Transnational Cooperation? 320
3 The European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation 321
4 The Interregional Alliance for the Rhine-Alpine Corridor 321
4.1 Objectives and Tasks of the New EGTC 322
4.2 Members of the EGTC 323
4.3 Formal Matters 324
4.4 Budget 325
5 The Procedure to Create an EGTC 325
5.1 The Formal Documents: Convention and Statutes 326
5.2 Application and Approval for Membership 326
5.3 Foundation of the EGTC 327
6 Planned Activities of the EGTC 327
7 Conclusion 328
Conclusion: Perspective on the Future of the Rhine-Alpine Corridor 329