Geomorphology and Physical Oceanography of the Lakshadweep Coral Islands in the Indian Ocean (eBook)

1. Lakshadweep Islands            1.1       Introduction            1.2       Origin of Islands             1.3       Geology and Geomorphology of Islands             1.4       Historical Profile             1.5       Socio-Economic Profile             1.6       Livelihood             1.7       Administrative Setup                         1.7.1    Panchayati Raj System                         1.7.2    Judicial System            1.8       Topography and Surface Characteristics            1.9       Groundwater Resources            1.10     Ecological Profile of the Islands                        1.10.1 Coral Reef                        1.10.2 Status of Coral Reefs            1.11     Natural Hazards                        References  2. Hydrodynamics of Lakshadweep Sea                        2.1       Introduction            2.2       Waves                        2.2.1  Wave Heights                        2.2.2  Wave Periods            2.3       Wave Direction            2.4       Currents                        2.4.1  In the Open Sea                        2.4.2  Inside Lagoon            2.5       Tide            2.6       Wind            2.7       Summary                        References 3. Beach Morphology                     3.1       Introduction            3.2       Beaches of Lakshadweep            3.3       Beach Monitoring Programme            3.4       Beach Morphological Changes                        3.4.1    Long-term Changes                                 3.4.1.1  Laccadive Group                                 3.4.1.2  Amindivi Group                                 3.4.1.3  Minicoy Group                        3.4.2    Short-term Changes                                 3.4.2.1  Laccadive Group                                 3.4.2.2  Amindivi Group                                 3.4.2.3  Minicoy Group            3.5       Beach Sediment Characteristics            3.6       Shore Protection Measures            3.7       Summary                        References4. Numerical Modelling of Coastal Processes of Kavaratti   Island                4.1       Introduction             4.2       Numerical Model Studies : Models used                        4.2.1   Spectral Wave (SW) Model            4.3       MIKE21 Flow Model (MIKE21-FM)                        4.3.1   Sediment Transport Module            4.4       Model Setup            4.5       Model Calibration and Validation            4.6       Results and Discussion                        4.6.1    Simulated Wave Parameters                        4.6.2    Wave Diffraction                        4.6.3    Coastal Circulation                        4.6.4    Sediment Transport                        4.6.5    Bed Level Changes                        4.6.6    Impact of Anthropogenic Activities                        4.6.7    Shore Protection Measures                        4.6.8   Strengthening of Reef on the Northern Part of the Island                    4.7         Summary                        References 5. Energy Resources            5.1       Introduction            5.2       Present Status of Power Generation            5.3       Economics of Power Generation            5.4       Wave Power Potential            5.5       Wind Power Potential            5.6       Advantages of Renewable Energy            5.7       Summary                        References 6. Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan for Lakshadweep Islands            6.1       Introduction            6.2       Coastal Zone Management in Lakshadweep                        6.2.1    Existing Management Regulations                        6.2.2    Local Level Planning                        6.2.3    Coastal Regulation Zones            6.3       ICZMP Approach            6.4       Physico-Environmental Characteristics of the Islands (Resource)                  6.5       Issues/Problems Related to Islands                        6.5.1    Coastal Erosion and Shore Protection                        6.5.2    Fresh Water Management                        6.5.3    Conservation of Coral Reefs/Mangroves                        6.5.4 Fishery Resource Exploitation and Catch Enhancement                                    6.5.5    Sewage and Solid Waste Treatment                        6.5.6    Tourism                        6.5.7    Environmental Education for People            6.6       Conflicts and Perceptions of the Stakeholders in Islands            6.7       ICZMP            6.8       Summary                        References