Gas Insulated Substations (eBook)

Hermann Koch received his academic education at Technical University Darmstadt and New Jersey Institute of Technology in Newark, NJ from in 1986 in Electrical Engineering. His research work in the field of high voltages was concluded in 1990 with his doctoral thesis on partial discharge measurements for non-destructive testing. In 1991 he started his business career with Siemens in Erlangen Germany at the headquarters of the power transmission division. In several responsibilities he was engaged in gas insulated technologies for HV circuit breaker, gas-insulated substations and transmission lines. Responsible for technical support in sales, development of gas-mixture technologies like GIL, business development for GIS and GIL and for coordination of Siemens standardization activities on Energy Transmission Division. Currently he is Principle Expert of Standardization and gas-insulated high voltage system in Energy Transmission of Siemens. He is IEEE Fellow and Chairman of IEEE PES Substations Committee Working Group of the GIS Book. In IEC he is Secretary of SC 17C High Voltage Switchgear Assemblies. In CIGRE he is member of the Strategic Advisory Group of SC B3 Substations. He has published 150 technical papers and holds 31 patents in the field of gas insulated technology.

List of Contributors xv

Foreword xvii

Acknowledgements xix

1 Introduction 1

Hermann Koch and John Brunke

1.1 General 1

1.2 Definitions 4

1.3 Standards and References 9

1.4 Ratings 14

2 Basic Information 18

Hermann Koch, John H. Brunke, and John Boggess

2.1 History 18

2.2 Physics of Gas Insulated Switchgear 34

2.3 Reliability and Availability 40

2.4 Design 50

2.5 Safety 53

2.6 Grounding and Bonding 62

2.7 Factors for Choosing Gas Insulated Substations 66

2.8 Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) 71

References 108

3 Technology 110

Hermann Koch, George Becker, Xi Zhu, and Devki Sharma

3.1 General 110

3.2 Modular Components, Design, and Development Process 113

3.3 Manufacturing 130

3.4 Specification Development 142

3.5 Instrument Transformers 171

3.6 Interfaces 175

3.7 Gas Insulated Surge Arresters 185

3.8 Gas Insulated Bus 186

References 205

4 Control and Monitoring 206

Hermann Koch, Noboru Fujimoto, and Pravakar Samanta

4.1 General 206

4.2 GIS Monitoring 207

4.3 Local Control Cabinet 215

4.4 Digital Communication 221

References 233

5 Testing 235

Peter Grossmann and Charles L Hand

5.1 General 235

5.2 Type Tests 235

5.3 Routine Tests 241

5.4 On-Site Field Testing 243

References 246

6 Installation 247

Hermann Koch, Richard Jones, and James Massura

6.1 General 247

6.2 Installation 248

6.3 Energization: Connecting to the Power Grid 280

7 Operation and Maintenance 282

Hermann Koch, Charles L Hand, Arnaud Ficheux, Richard Jones, and
Ravi Dhara

7.1 General 282

7.2 Operation of a Gas Insulated Substation 283

7.3 Maintenance 302

7.4 SF6 Gas Leakage Repair 303

7.5 Repair 306

7.6 Extensions 307

7.7 GIS Retrofit or Upgrade 311

7.8 Overloading and Thermal Limits 315

8 Applications 321

Hermann Koch, Peter Grossmann, Arun Arora, and Dave
Solhtalab

8.1 General 321

8.2 Typical GIS Layouts 321

8.3 Reference Projects 324

8.4 GIS Case Study 371

8.5 Mobile GIS 376

8.6 Mixed Technology Switchgear (MTS) 385

8.7 Future Developments 390

References 399

9 Other Topics 400

Hermann Koch, Venkatesh Minisandram, Arnaud Ficheux, George
Becker, Noboru Fujimoto, and Jorge
Márquez-Sánchez

9.1 General 400

9.2 Environment 401

9.3 Life Cycle Cost Analysis 412

9.4 Insulation Coordination Study 421

9.5 Very Fast Transients 426

9.6 Project Scope Development 437

9.7 Risk-Based Asset Management of Gas Insulated Substations and
Equipment 441

9.8 Health and Safety Impact 451

9.9 Electromagnetic Field 452

9.10 SF6 Decomposition Byproducts 453

References 456

10 Conclusion 458

Hermann Koch

Further Reading 459

Devki Sharma

Index 463

"There is a wealth of information on GIS all in one reference book." (IEEE Electrical Engineering magazine, 1 March 2015)