Pierre Pichat, as "Directeur de Recherche" with the CNRS (National Center for Scientific Research, France), has been active in heterogeneous photocatalysis for many years and has founded in Lyon, France, a laboratory principally based on this field. His research activity has concerned both basic investigations (role of photo-generated active species, reaction pathways, relationships between the efficacy and the characteristics of the materials, etc.) and applications regarding not only the photocatalytic treatment of water, but also self-cleaning materials and the purification of indoor air. He has been invited to publish reviews of these various domains. He has been and is a frequent invited lecturer at Conferences. He has received an International Appreciation Award acknowledging his pioneering contributions. Over the years, he has served on CNRS-related Committees on diverse aspects of chemistry, such as catalysis, photochemistry, solar chemistry and environmental chemistry. He has been the coordinator or advisor of European Community projects on photocatalysis. He has been asked by Institutions of various countries to evaluate projects on environmental chemistry. He has been and is a member of International Scientific Committees of Journals and Conferences.

FUNDAMENTALS: ACTIVE SPECIES, MECHANISMS, REACTION PATHWAYS
Identification and Roles of the Active Species Generated on Various Photocatalysts
Photocatalytic Reaction Pathways - Effects of Molecular Structure, Catalyst, and Wavelength
Catalytic Mechanisms and Reaction Pathways Drawn from Kinetic and Probe Molecules

IMPROVING THE PHOTOCATALYTIC EFFICACY
Design and Development of Active Titania and Related Photocatalysts
Modified Photocatalysts
Immobilisation of a Semiconductor Photocatalyst on Solid Supports: Methods, Materials and Applications
Wastewater Treatment Using Highly Functional Immobilized TiO2 Thin Film Photocatalysts
Sensitization of Titania Semiconductors: A Promising Strategy to Utilize Visible Light
Photoelectrocatalysis for Water Purification

EFFECTS OF PHOTOCATALYSIS ON NATURAL ORGANIC MATTER AND BACTERIA
Photocatalysis of Natural organic Matter in Water: Characterization and Treatment Integration
Waterborne E. coli Inactivation by TiO2 Photo-Assisted Processes: A Brief Overview

MODELING. REACTORS. PILOT PLANTS
Photocatalytic Treatment of Water: Irradiance Influences
A Methodology for Modeling Slurry Photocatalytic Reactors for Degradation of an Organic Pollutant in Water
Design and Optimization of Photocatalytic Water Purification Reactors
Photocatalysis Soliar Pilot Plants. Commercially Available Reactors

PREFACE

PART I: Fundamentals: Active Species, Mechanisms, Reaction Pathways

IDENTIFCATION AND ROLES OF THE ACTIVE SPECIES GENERATED ON VARIOUS PHOTOCATALYSTS
Key Species in Photocatalytic Reactions
Trapped Electron and Hole
Superoxide Radical and Hydrogen Peroxide (O2 and H2O2)
Hydroxyl Radical (OH)
Singlet Molecular Oxygen (1O2)
Reaction Mechanisms for Bare TiO2
Reaction Mechanisms of Visible-Light-Responsive Photocatalysts
Conclusion

PHOTOCATALYTIC REACTION PATHWAYS - EFFECTS OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE, CATALYST, AND WAVELENGTH
Introduction
Methods for Pathway Determination
Prototypical Oxidative Reactivity in Photocatalytic Degradations
Prototypical Reductive Reactivity in Photocatalytic Degradations
The Use of Organic Molecules as Test Probes for Next-Generation Photocatalysts
Modified Catalysts: Wavelength-Dependent Chemistry of Organic Probes
Conclusions

PHOTOCATALYTIC MECHANISMS AND REACTION PATHWAYS DRAWN FROM KINETIC AND PROBE MOLECULES
The Photocatalyic Rate
Surface Speciation
Multisite Kinetic Model
Conclusion

PART II: Improving the Photocatalytic Efficacy

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ACTIVE TITANIA AND RELATED PHOTOCATALYSTS
Introduction - a Thermodynamic Aspect of Photocatalysis
Photocatalytic Activity: Reexamination
Design of Active Photocatalysts
A Conventional Kinetics in Photocatalysis: First-Order Kinetics
A Conventional Kinetics in Photocatalysis: Langmuir - Hinshelwood Mechanism
Topics and Problems Related to Particle Size of Photocatalysts
Recombination of a Photoexcited Electron and a Positive Hole
Evaluation of Crystallinity as a Property Affecting Photocatalytic Activity
Electron Traps as a Possible Candidate of a Recombination Center
Donor Levels - a Meaning of n-Type Semiconductor
Dependence of Photocatalytic Activities on Physical and Structural Properties
Synergetic Effect
Doping
Conclusive Remarks

MODIF IED PHOTOCATALYSTS
Why Modifying?
Forms of Modification
Modified Physicochemical Properties

IMMOBILIZATION OF A SEMICONDUCTOR PHOTOCATALYST ON SOLID SUPPORTS: METHODS, MATERIALS, AND APPLICATIONS
Introduction
Immobilization Techniques
Supports
Laboratory and Industrial Applications of Supported Photocatalysts
Conclusion

WASTEWATER TREATMENT USING HIGHLY FUNCTIONAL IMMOBILIZED TIO2 THIN-FILM PHOTOCATALYSTS
Introduction
Application of a Cascade Falling-Film Photoreactor (CFFP) for the Remediation of Polluted Water and Air under Solar Light Irradiation
Application of TiO2 Thin-Film-Coated Fibers for the Remediation of Polluted Water
Application of TiO2 Thin Film for Photofuel Cells (PFC)
Preparation of Visible-Light-Responsive TiO2 Thin Films and Their Application to the Remediation of Polluted Water
Conclusions

SENSITIZATION OF TITANIA SEMICONDUCTOR: A PROMISING STRATEGY TO UTILIZE VISIBLE LIGHT
Introduction
Principle of Photosensitization
Dye Sensitization
Polymer Sensitization
Surface-Complex-Mediated Sensitization
Solid Semiconductor/Metal Sensitization
Other Strategies to Make Titania Visible Light Active
Conclusions

PHOTOELECTROCATALYSIS FOR WATER PURIF ICATION
Introduction
Photoeffects at Semiconductor Interfaces
Water Depollution at Photoelectrodes
Photoelectrode Materials
Electrodes Preparation and Reactors
Conclusions

PART III: Effects of Photocatalysis on Natural Organic Matter and Bacteria

PHOTOCATALYSIS OF NATURAL ORGANIC MATTER IN WATER: CHARACTERIZATION AND TREATMENT INTEGRATION
Introduction
Monitoring Techniques
By-products from the Photocatalytic Oxidation of NOM and its Resultant Disinfection By-Products (DBPs)
Hybrid Photocatalysis Technologies for the Treatment of NOM
Conclusions

WATERBORNE ESCHERICHIA COLI INACTIVATION BY TIO2 PHOTOASSISTED PROCESSES: A BRIEF OVERVIEW
Introduction
Physicochemical Aspects Affecting the Photocatalytic E. coli Inactivation
Using of N-Doped TiO2 in Photocatalytic Inactivation of Waterborne Microorganisms
Biological Aspects
Proposed Mechanisms Suggested for Bacter