Learning Cardiac Imaging (eBook)

Preface 6
Contents 7
Contributing Authors 10
Chapter 1 12
Introduction 12
Chapter 2 15
Cardiac Multislice CT 15
Introduction 15
Potential Applications of Computed Tomography (CT) Coronary Angiography 15
Case 1.1 Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Coronary Artery Disease 16
Comments 17
Imaging Findings 17
Case 1.2 MSCT for the Assessment of Aortic Coarctation 18
Comments 19
Imaging Findings 19
Case 1.3 Follow-Up of Coronary Aneurysm Post Pharmacological Stent Implantation 20
Comments 21
Findings 21
Case 1.4 Imaging Integration in Coronary Artery Disease 22
Comments 23
Findings 23
Case 1.5 Cath Laboratory Planning 24
Comments 25
Imaging Findings 25
Case 1.6 MSCT and Left Main Coronary Artery Stenting Evaluation 26
Comments 27
Imaging Findings 27
Case 1.7 Stent Evaluation 28
Comments 29
Imaging Findings 29
Case 1.8 Coronary Anomalies 30
Comments 31
Findings 31
Case 1.9 Stent Fracture 32
Comments 33
Findings 33
Case 1.10 MSCT Presurgical Aortic Valve Assessment 34
Comments 35
Imaging Findings 35
Case 1.11 MSCT Coronary Assessment Prior to Mitral Valve Surgery 36
Comments 37
Findings 37
Case 1.12 Coronary Total Occlusion: Preintervention Assessment 38
Comments 39
Imaging Findings 39
Case 1.13 Utility of MSCT in Acute Coronary Syndrome 40
Comments 41
Imaging Findings 41
Case 1.14 Accuracy of MSCT for Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease 42
Comments 43
Findings 43
Case 1.15 MSCT Post-Coronary Bypass Surgery Evaluation 44
Comments 45
Findings 45
Further Reading 46
Books 46
MSCT Links 46
Articles 46
Chapter 3 49
Echocardiography 49
Introduction 49
Case 2.1 Apical Myocardial Hypertrophy 50
Comments 51
Findings 51
Case 2.2 Severe Mitral Insufficiency Secondary to Papillary Muscle Rupture 52
Comments 53
Findings 53
Case 2.3 Noncompacted Cardiomyopathy 54
Comments 55
Findings 55
Case 2.4 Right Atrial Tumor 56
Comments 57
Findings 57
Case 2.5 Lateral Left Ventricular Wall Rupture Following Acute Myocardial Infarction 58
Comments 59
Findings 59
Case 2.6 Traumatic Rupture of the Tricuspid Valve 60
Comments 61
Findings 61
Case 2.7 Complicated Type B Aortic Dissection 62
Comments 63
Findings 63
Case 2.8 Aortic Mobile Thrombosis 64
Comments 65
Findings 65
Case 2.9 Severe Mitral Insufficiency Secondary to Rupture of Posterior Leaflet 66
Comments 67
Findings 67
Case 2.10 Endomyocardial Fibrosis Secondary to a Hypereosinophilic Syndrome 68
Comments 69
Findings 69
Case 2.11 Tako-Tsubo Syndrome 70
Comments 71
Findings 71
Case 2.12 Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis 72
Comments 73
Findings 73
Case 2.13 Atrial Septal Defect and Stroke 74
Comments 75
Findings 75
Case 2.14 Percutaneous Closure of Severe Paravalvular Leak 76
Comments 77
Findings 77
Case 2.15 Aortic Root Pseudoaneurysm Following Bentall Procedure 78
Comments 79
Findings 79
Further Reading 80
Books 80
Web-Links 80
Articles 80
Chapter 4 84
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance 84
Introduction 84
Case 3.1 Ebstein Malformation 85
Introduction 86
Cardiac MRI Findings 86
Case 3.2 Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia 87
Introduction 88
Cardiac MRI Findings 88
Case 3.3 Dilated Cardiomyopathy 89
Introduction 90
Cardiac MRI Findings 90
Case 3.4 Interventricular Communication, Bicuspid Aortic Valve, and Aortic Coarctation 91
Introduction 92
Cardiac MRI Findings 92
Case 3.5 Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy 93
Introduction 93
Cardiac MRI Findings 94
Case 3.6 Supravalvular Pulmonary Stenosis 95
Introduction 96
Cardiac MRI Findings 96
Case 3.7 Agenesis of the Pericardium 97
Introduction 98
Cardiac MRI Findings 98
Case 3.8 Left Ventricular Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy 99
Introduction 100
Cardiac MRI Findings 100
Case 3.9 Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy 101
Introduction 102
Cardiac MRI Findings 102
Case 3.10 Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia 103
Introduction 104
Radiological Findings 104
Case 3.11 Nonviable Myocardium After Acute Myocardial Infarction 105
Introduction 106
Radiological Findings 106
Case 3.12 Viable Myocardium After Acute Myocardial Infarction 107
Introduction 108
Cardiac MRI Findings 108
Case 3.13 Double Aortic Lesion 109
Introduction 110
Cardiac MRI Findings 110
Case 3.14 Aneurysmal Dilatation of the Pulmonary Artery 111
Introduction 112
Cardiac MRI Findings 112
Case 3.15 Acute Myocarditis 113
Comments 114
MRI Findings 114
Case 3.16 Aortic Coarctation 115
Comments 116
MRI Findings 116
Case 3.17 Aortic Thrombus 117
Comments 118
MRI Findings 118
Case 3.18 Chiari Network 119
Comments 120
MRI Findings 120
Case 3.19 Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy 121
Comments 122
MRI Findings 122
Case 3.20 Hematogenous Cardiac Metastasis 123
Comments 124
MRI Findings 124
Case 3.21 Pericardial Cyst 125
Comments 126
MRI Findings 126
Case 3.22 True Ventricular Apical Aneurysm of Ischemic Origin Associated to Acute Thrombus 127
Comments 128
MRI Findings 128
Case 3.23 Cardiac Amyloidosis 129
Comments 130
MRI Findings 130
Case 3.24 Fontan Conduit Evaluation 131
Comments 132
MRI Findings 132
Further Reading 133
Books 133
Webs-Links 133
Articles 133
Chapter 5 136
Nuclear Cardiology 136
Introduction 136
Case 4.1 Left Bundle-Branch Block (LBBB) 137
Comments 138
Imaging Findings 138
Case 4.2 Breast Attenuation 139
Comments 140
Findings 140
Case 4.3 Diaphragmatic Attenuation 141
Comments 142
Findings 142
Case 4.4 Inducible Ischemia in the CX Territory 143
Comments 144
Imaging Findings 144
Case 4.5 Infarct with Residual Ischemia 145
Comments 146
Findings 146
Case 4.6 Ischemia in the Ada Territory 147
Comments 148
Imaging Findings 148
Case 4.7 Ischemia in the Right Coronary Artery Territory 149
Comments 150
Findings 150
Case 4.8 Infarct in the Apex and Anteroinferior Apical Segments Without Residual Ischemia. Inducible Ischemia in the Inferolateral Side 151
Comments 152
Findings 152
Case 4.9 Multivessel Disease 153
Findings 154
Comments 154
Case 4.10 Stunned Myocardium 155
Comments 156
Findings 156
Further Reading 157
Books 157
Web-links 157
Articles 157
Fundamentals 157
Normal Patient 157
Breast Attenuation 157
Diaphragmatic Attenuation 157
Normal Muga Study 157
Left Bundle-Branch Block (LBBB) 158
Ischemia in Ada Territory 158
Ischemia in the Right Coronary Artery Territory 158
Inducible Ischemia in the Cx Territory 158
Non Transmural Infarct 158
Infarct in Apex and Antero-Infero Apical Segments Without Residual Ischemia. Inducible Ischemia in Infero-Lateral Side 158
Extensive Infarct Without Residual Ischemia 158
Infarct With Residual Ischemia 159
Multivessel Disease 159
Myocardial Stunning 159
Myocardial Viability 159
Myocarditis 159
Prognostic Evaluation in Coronary Artery Disease 159
Chagas’ Heart Disease 160