Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (eBook)

Preface 5
About the Editors 7
Contents 9
Contributors 11
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Definition, Prevalence, and Risk Factors 14
Amygdala and Fear 33
The Amygdala and the Neural Pathways of Fear 34
Physiology of the Amygdala: Implications for PTSD 50
Counteracting Molecular Pathways Regulating the Reduction of Fear: Implications for the Treatment of Anxiety Diseases 90
Memory in PTSD: A Neurocognitive Approach 115
Animal Models of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 141
Toward Animal Models of Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder 142
PTSD: From Neurons to Networks 159
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Arousal 193
Arousal Neurons in the Brain 194
Hyperarousal and Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Role for the Hypocretin System 208
The Locus Coeruleus-Noradrenergic System and Stress: Implications for Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder 219
Effect of Stress on Sleep and Its Relationship to Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder 237
Stress Hormones in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 260
Stress Hormones and PTSD 261
Low Basal Cortisol and Startle Responding as Possible Biomarkersof PTSD: The Influence of Internalizing and Externalizing Comorbidity 280
Brain Imaging in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 297
Functional Neuroimaging in Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder 298
The Amygdala in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 319
Treatment Strategies 335
Pharmacologic Treatment of PTSD 336
Guided Imagery as a Therapeutic Tool in Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder 361
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Combat- Related PTSD 373
Index 398
Color Plates 407