Title Page 2
Preface 5
Organization 7
Table of Contents 11
An Entry Vocabulary Module for a Political Science Test Collection 15
Introduction 15
Domain Specific Retrieval Evaluation 16
Evaluation Design 17
Entry Vocabulary Module 17
Static Entry Vocabulary Module 18
Dynamic Entry Vocabulary Module 18
Evaluation Results 20
Evaluated Runs 20
Results 20
Topic Analysis 22
Conclusions 24
References 24
Chinese Organization Entity Recognition and Association on Web Pages 26
Introduction 26
Related Work 27
Entity Candidate Generation 28
Organization Name Recognition 30
Organization Address Recognition 31
Entity Association 33
Experiments 34
Baseline System for Chinese Organization Name Recognition 34
Datasets and Lexicons 34
Evaluation Measures for Recognition 34
Experiments on Chinese Organization Name Recognition 34
Experiments on Chinese Organization Address Recognition 35
Experiments on Entity Association 35
Conclusion 36
References 36
Language Model Based Temporal Information Indexing 38
Introduction 38
Problem Statement 39
Related Work 40
Methods 41
Reference Index Preparation 41
Preliminary Results 42
Classifier Construction 45
Results 46
Discussion 47
Turning a Corporate Folksonomy into a Lightweight Corporate Ontology 50
Introduction 50
Related Work 52
Overview of Techniques and Resources 53
Step 1: Finding Similar Tags 53
Step 2: Finding Concepts and Relations between Tags 54
Deriving a Lightweight Corporate Ontology 55
Folksonomy in the Company 55
Statistics of the Corporate Folksonomy 56
Our Approach 56
First Results 57
Added Value for a Company 58
Discussion and Future Research 59
Conclusion 60
Discovering Semantics in Multimedia Content Using Wikipedia 62
Introduction 62
Semantics in the Web 63
A Semantic Discovery Approach 65
Information Extraction 65
Semantic Extraction Using Wikipedia 66
Applications 68
Related Work 69
Future Directions 70
Conclusion 70
Combining Structure and Semantics for Ontology-Based Corporate Wikis 72
Introduction 72
From Wikis to Semantics 73
Wikis for Knowledge Management in Organizations 73
The Semantic Web and Ontologies for Better Wikis 74
A Semantic Wiki-Farm for Corporate Knowledge Management 75
Main Features 75
Global Architecture 76
Editing and Browsing Enhanced Wiki Pages 77
Manage Ontology Instances with Wiki Forms 77
Immediate Reuse of Knowledge When Browsing Wiki Pages 79
First Experiments 80
Conclusion and Future Works 82
Agreeing While Disagreeing, a Best Practice for Business Ontology Development 84
Introduction 84
The Problem and a Conceptual Solution 85
Ontological Commitment 87
Agreement vs. Commitment 88
Preserving the Disagreement 89
Positive vs. Negative Commitment 90
Public vs. Private Commitment 90
Language and Tool Support 91
The SEEMP Solution 92
Conclusions and Future Work 94
Modeling and Using Polish Legal Knowledge - Commercial Companies Code Ontology 97
Introduction 97
Legal Ontologies 98
Ontology Definition 98
The PCCC Ontology Corpus 99
Polish Commercial Companies Code 99
Conceptualization and Implementation 100
Reasoning 101
Case 1 – An Unlimited Partnership 101
Case 2 – Reductio Ad Absurdum and a Limited Liability Company 104
Conclusion 107
References 108
A Supply Chain Management Approach to Logistics Ontologies in Information Systems 109
Introduction 109
Related Work 110
Supply Chain Operations Reference Model 112
Proposal of Logistics Ontologies 113
Logistics Top Level Ontology 113
Logistics Process Type Ontology 114
Logistics Process Category Ontology 115
Logistics Process Element Ontology 115
Use Cases 117
Conclusions 117
References 118
Transforming Existing Knowledge Models to Information Extraction Ontologies 120
Introduction 120
Presentation Ontologies 121
Reuse of Domain Ontologies 123
Reuse of UML Models 126
Structural Diagrams 126
Behavioral Diagrams 127
Interaction Diagrams and UML Supplements 128
Suitability of Other Commonly Used Metamodels 129
Related Work 130
Conclusion and Future Work 130
References 131
Community-Driven Ontology Evolution: Gene Ontology Case Study 132
Introduction 132
Goals and Activities of the Community 133
Structure and Changes of GO 135
Data Analysis 137
Challenges and Limitations of Community-Driven Ontology Evolution 137
Measuring Community-Driven Ontology Evolution 138
Towards Increased Community Support 140
Conclusions 141
References 142
Semantic Integration of Process Models into Knowledge Management: A Social Tagging Approach 144
Introduction 144
The Need for Process Models in Knowledge Management 145
Scarce Usage of Process Models in Organizations 145
Neglecting of Process Models in Knowledge Management 146
Knowledge Work with Process Models 146
Requirements 147
Approach: Social Tagging and Tool Integration 148
A Prototypical Infrastructure 149
Related Work 152
Discussion and Further Work 153
References 154
Influence Factors of Understanding Business Process Models 156
Introduction 156
Related Work on Understandability 157
Research Design 159
Data Gathered in the Survey 160
Hypothetical Relations between Factors and Understandability 161
Results 162
Personal Factors 162
Model Factors 162
Content Factors 163
Prediction of Correct Answers 163
Conclusions 165
Concepts for Modeling Hybrid Products in the Construction Industry 168
Introduction 168
Related Work 169
Product Modeling 169
Service Modeling 170
Research Approach 170
Meta Modeling Process 170
Meta Model Language and Modeling Conventions 171
Analysis 172
Overview 172
ARIS 173
ISO 10303 173
ISO 13584 173
Y-CIM 173
GAEB DA XML 3.0 174
Bau:Class 174
Synthesis 174
Model Elements and Scope 174
Integrated Meta Model 175
Conclusions 176
References 177
Improving Requirements Analysis through Business Process Modelling: A Participative Approach 179
Introduction 179
Background and Related Work 180
BPMN 181
Related Work 181
Approach for BPMN-Based Requirements Engineering 182
Organizational Modeling 183
Business Process Analysis 184
Functional Requirements Specification 185
Practical Experience 187
Conclusions and Future Work 188
References 189
Weak Dependencies in Business Process Models 191
Introduction 191
Related Work 193
Weak Dependency 195
Workflows and Process Models 195
Weak Dependencies at a Glance 196
Prototype 198
Summary and Outlook 201
Advanced Querying and Reasoning on Business Process Models 203
Introduction 203
Requirements Analysis 204
Usage Scenarios 204
Requirements 206
The Approach 206
Rich Process Description 207
User-Friendly Query Interface 208
Querying 209
Achieving Flexibility in Querying 211
Related Work 212
Conclusion 213
Prototypical Implementation of a Pragmatic Approach to Semantic Web Service Discovery during Process Execution 215
Introduction 215
Problem Statement 216
Research Design 217
Solution 218
Overview 218
Execution of a Semantic Process 219
Semantic Invocation Service (SISi) 220
Discussion 223
SAF: Strategic Alignment Framework for Monitoring Organizations 227
Introduction 227
Related Works 228
GQM+ Strategy Method 229
Process Performance Indicators Monitoring Model 229
The Framework 230
Business Motivation Model (BMM) 231
Problem Frames (PF) 232
The Comparison with Models in Literature 233
The Table of Comparison 234
Deriving the Probes in SAF 235
An Application of SAF 235
Electric Company Validation Case 236
Conclusions 238
Towards Measuring Key Performance Indicators of Semantic Business Processes 241
Introduction 241
Performance Management within the SBP Lifecycle 242
Modeling Key Performance Indicators 244
KPI Ontology 245
Example 247
Monitoring Key Performance Indicators 249
Related Work 250
Conclusions and Outlook 251
References 252
Structural Detection of Deadlocks in Business Process Models 253
Introduction 253
Motivation and Related Work 254
Preliminaries 255
BPMN-Q 255
Deadlock Patterns 256
Limitations and Assumptions 257
Deadlock Queries 258
Loop Deadlock Pattern 258
Multiple Source Deadlock Pattern 259
Improper Structuring 259
Example 262
Conclusion 263
Employee Competencies for Business Process Management 265
Introduction 265
Roles in Business Process Management 266
Classification Method for Levels of Competencies 268
Catalog of Competencies 269
Competence Framework for Business Process Management 273
Conclusion 275
References 275
Enterprise Web Services and Elements of Human Interactions 277
Introduction 277
Human-Service Interactions 278
Intranet Portal Case Study 281
Exploratory Findings and Web Service Implications 281
Conclusions 285
Specifying Separation of Duty Constraints in BPEL4People Processes 287
Introduction 287
Preliminaries on B4P and WS-HT 289
Role-Based and Task-Based Access Control 290
BPEL4People Support for SOD Constraints 293
Strategies for Implementing SOD in B4P/HT 293
Access Control Enforcement Issues in B4P/HT 294
Related Work 295
Conclusion 296
Web Service Discovery in the FUSION Semantic Registry 299
Introduction 299
Describing Service Characteristics in FUSION 301
An Overview of the FUSION Semantic Registry Architecture 302
Functionality of the Publication Manager Module 303
Functionality of the Discovery Manager Module 304
Matchmaking Capabilities of the FUSION Semantic Registry 305
Categorisation-Level Matching 305
Message-Level Matching 306
Schema-Level Matching 307
Related Work 308
Conclusions 309
References 309
Towards the Aggregation of Security Requirements in Cross-Organisational Service Compositions 311
Introduction 311
Interactions of Security Requirements 313
Travel Agency Service Scenario 313
Classification of Requirement Interactions 314
Security Model 316
Specifying Security Goals 316
Enforcing Security Constraints 317
Aggregation of Security Requirements 318
Determining a Consistent Aggregation of Security Requirements 318
Aggregating Security Requirements in a Service Composition 319
Related Work 319
Conclusion 320
Future Work 321
Industrialized Generation of Financial Services by Component-Based Information Systems 323
Introduction 323
Problem Formulation and Related Work 324
Industrialization of Information Systems Development 325
Personal Financial Planning with Life Charts 327
Design and IT-Architecture 328
Prototype gsTools Life Charts 330
Evaluation 332
Conclusions and Future Work 333
References 333
Making the Agent Technology Ready for Web-Based Information Systems 335
Introduction 335
Context 337
The Classical MVC Design for a Web-Based Information System 337
Agent Systems and Integration with Other Software Services 337
AgentSearch - Agent-Based Web Information Retrieval 339
Problem Definition and Requirements for the Agents 340
Multi-agent System Design Considerations 340
Integrating the Agent System in the Web Application 342
Practical Integration of Agents in AgentSearch 343
Conclusion 345
An Architecture for a QoS-Aware Application Integration Middleware 347
Introduction 347
Use Case 349
Digital Content Negotiation 349
Large Scale Information Distribution 350
Benefits of Triple Space 351
Triple Space Architecture 352
Kernel Architecture 353
Kernel Components 353
Triple Space Kernel Prototype 354
Triple Space Distributed Architecture 355
Related Work 357
Conclusion 357
Performance and Architecture Modeling of Interoperability System for SME’s 359
Introduction 359
ABILITIES Project 360
UBL and ABILITIES Message Structure 362
Model of Interoperability System 363
Petri Net Model of Interoperability System 364
Results of Modeling 366
Conclusions 369
References 370
Measurement of Business Process Orientation in Transitional Organizations: An Empirical Study 371
Introduction 371
Measurement of Process-Orientation in Organizations 372
Transformation from Functional to Process-Oriented Organization 374
Research Design, Data Collection, and Data Analysis 376
Measurement of Process Orientation 377
Assessment of ERP System Implementation 378
Discussion of Findings 378
Conclusion 380
References 380
A Metric for ERP Complexity 383
Introduction 383
Complexity Metrics 386
Sales and Order Process and Its Complexity 387
Inter-module Complexity Metrics for Sales and Order Process 389
Intra-module Complexity 389
Conclusion 392
Data and Information Quality Assessment in Information Manufacturing Systems 394
Introduction 394
Literature Review 395
Research Model 396
Application 399
Conclusion 402
References 402
A Comparative Study of Enterprise System Implementations in Large North American Corporations 404
Introduction 404
Measurement of ES Implementation 405
Measurement of Success of ES Implementation 406
Measurement of Challenges of ES Implementation 407
Measurement of Success of ES Utilization 407
Data Collection and Analysis 408
Comparative Analysis of Success of ES Implementation 410
Comparative Analysis of Challenges of ES Implementation 410
Comparative Analysis of Success of Utilization ES 410
Correlation Coefficient Analysis of Constructs of ES 410
Conclusions 411
References 411
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems Implementation Challenges: A Kenyan Case Study 413
Introduction 413
Literature Review 414
Research Methodology 415
Results 416
Factor Analysis 416
Conclusion 422
Web Data Integration System: Approach and Case Study 424
Introduction 424
System Approach and Architecture 425
Prototype of System 428
Building University Ontology 428
Building of GUI 430
Developing of Ontology Server 432
Building Transformer 432
Mapping Algorithm 432
Developing of Query Process Module 434
Building of Translators 435
Building Wrappers 435
Building of Converter 435
Building Exporter 436
Conclusion 436
References 436
Integration of Data and Rules in Inference with Queries Method 438
Introduction 438
Foundations for Inference with Queries Method 439
Related Works 442
Application of IwQ Method in Expert Systems 443
Modeling Complex Information Systems 445
Conclusions 448
Semantically Sensitive Execution of Relational Queries 450
Introduction 450
The Main Concept Introduction 453
Equivalence of Terms 453
Generalisation of RA 455
Semantic SQL 457
Semantic SELECT Operator 457
Semantic WHERE Operator 458
Semantic INNER JOIN operator 458
Overview of SSQL Execution Environment – An Implementation 458
Conclusions 459
References 460
From Business Rules to Application Rules in Rich Internet Applications 461
Introduction 461
Motivating Example 462
From Rule-Based Systems to Rule-Enabled Systems 464
User Interface Design Patterns 465
Deriving Application Rules from Business Rules 466
The Need for Complex Event Processing 467
Architecture 468
Design-Time Architecture 468
Run-Time Architecture 469
Related Work 470
Conclusions and Future Work 471
Enabling Context-Based Cooperation: A Generic Context Model and Management System 473
Introduction 473
Executing Service Compositions with Mobile Processes 474
Requirements Analysis 476
Related Work 477
A Context Component for Distributed Mobile Systems 479
Generic Context Model 480
Context Management System 481
Evaluation 481
Conclusion and Future Work 483
Hydra – An Application Framework for the Development of Context-Aware Mobile Services 485
Introduction 485
Motivation 486
Requirements on a Framework for Context-Adaptive Mobile Applications 487
Functional Requirements 487
Architectural Requirements 488
Design of the Hydra-Framework 488
The Hydra-Framework as a Middleware between Applications and Technologies 488
Support of Different Client Types 489
Realisation of the Context-Adaptation 490
Communication Processes 491
Application Manager 492
Evaluation 493
Conclusions and Future Work 494
References 494
Author Index 497