Local Authority Borrowing

Part 1. Preliminary Considerations 1. Local Government Areas in England and Wales – A Note on their Origins and Development Part 2. Historical Survey. First Period: 1530–1830: The First Local Government Services and the Emergence of Borrowing. 2. Roads and Bridges 3. Turnpike Trusts and Navigations – the First Statutory Borrowing Provisions 4. The Coming of the Poor Law 5. Borrowing in the Boroughs and Major Parishes 6. Borrowing in the Counties. Second Period: 1830–1930: The Evolution of Structured Local Government and of the Associated Borrowing Codes. 7. The Opening Phase 8. The Accretion of Services and their Associated Borrowing Facilities 9. The Local Loans Act 1875 10. The Democratization of Local Government 11. The Turn of the Century. Third Period: 1930–1984: Consolidation, Evolution and Dissolution. 12. The Local Government Act 1933 13. The ‘Short-Term’ Revolution 14. The Further Reorganization Part 3. Borrowing Instruments and Associated Techniques: An Historical Analysis 15. Mortgages and Related Instruments 16. Annuities, Debentures and Tontines 17. Stock 18. Temporary (Deposit) Loan Receipts 19. Money Bills and Promissory Notes 20. Bonds 21. The Public Works Loan Commissioners 22. Miscellaneous Sources of Capital Finance 23. Management and Amortization of Debt Part 4. Analysis and Conclusions 24. Basic Principles 25. The Standardization of Local Authority Borrowing Practices