The Patient Factor

Dr. Holden’s research applies human factors engineering and psychology to study and improve the work performance of patients, informal caregivers, and clinicians. He and Dr. Valdez have co-organized many panels, workshops, and other activities in the emerging area of patient-centered human factors/ergonomics. In the past 10 years, Dr. Holden has led or participated in over 20 national-level research grants and over 100 peer-reviewed publications in the fields of human factors, patient safety and quality, biomedical informatics, and research methods. He is an Editor of Ergonomics, editorial board member of Applied Ergonomics, and Executive Council member of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES). Dr. Valdez’s research integrates quantitative and qualitative methods from human factors engineering, health informatics, and cultural anthropology to understand and support the ways in which people manage health at home and in the community. Her research has a specific focus on underserved populations, including populations that are racial/ethnic minorities, are of low socioeconomic status, or are living with physical, sensory, or cognitive disabilities. She and Dr. Holden have led multiple initiatives focused on the emerging area of patient-centered human factors and ergonomics, including panels, workshops, and a special issue of Applied Ergonomics. Dr. Valdez’s work has received support from the National Institutes of Health, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and the National Science Foundation, among others. She has served as chair of the Health Care Technical Group and Macroergonomic Technical Group for the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.

Chapter 1.Patient Ergonomics: The Science (and Engineering) of Patient Work

Chapter 2.Cognitive Patient Ergonomics: Application of Cognitive Theories to Patient Work

Chapter 3.Physical Patient Ergonomics: Understanding and Supporting Physical Aspects of Patient Work

Chapter 4.Macroergonomics of Patient Work: Engaging Patients in Improving Sociotechnical Context of their Work

Chapter 5.Consumer Health Information Technology: Integrating Ergonomics into Design, Implementation, and Use

Chapter 6.Patient-Professional Communication

Chapter 7.Human Factors and Patient Self-Care

Chapter 8.Patient Engagement in Safety: Patients are the Ultimate Stakeholders

Chapter 9.Field Methods for Patient Ergonomics: Interviews, Focus Groups, Surveys, and Observations

Chapter 10.Design and Usability Methods: Agile Innovation and Evaluation of Interventions for Patients and Families

Chapter 11.Quantitative Methods for Analyzing Experimental Studies in Patient Ergonomics Research

Chapter 12.Emerging Methods for Patient Ergonomics

Chapter 13

Enhancing Patient Ergonomics with Patient and Public Involvement in Research Projects

Chapter 14.Applying Human Factors and Ergonomics to Study and Improve Patient Work: Key Takeaways and Next Steps

Volume 2

Chapter 1.Patient Ergonomics: Attending to the Context of Settings and Populations

Chapter 2.A Human Factors and Ergonomics Approach to Understanding the Patient Experience in Emergency Medicine

Chapter 3.The Patient Ergonomics Approach to Care Transitions: Care Transitions as a Patient Journey

Chapter 4.Patient Ergonomics in the Wild: Tailoring Patient Ergonomics Models and Methods to Home and Community Settings

Chapter 5.Community Retail Pharmacies: The Incipiency of Patient Ergonomics Research in the Retail Pharmacy Setting

Chapter 6.Online Communities and Social Networks: Considering Human Factors and Patient Ergonomics

Chapter 7.Designing for Veterans

Chapter 8.Patient Ergonomics in Pediatric Settings

Chapter 9.Understanding the Patient, Wellness, and Caregiving Work of Older Adults

Chapter 10.Underserved Populations: Integrating Social Determinants of Health into the Study of Patient Work

Chapter 11.Health Promotion: Patient Self-Management, Cognitive Work Analysis, and Persuasive Design

Chapter 12.Key Takeaways for Applying Patient Ergonomics across Settings and Populations