Freshwater Fish Distribution (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Freshwater Fish Distribution 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 8
Preface 14
Acknowledgments 16
Introduction 20
Pronunciation of Family Names 38
Families and Maps 40
AGNATHA—Jawless Fishes 42
Petromyzontidae—lampreys 44
Geotriidae—pouched lamprey 47
Mordaciidae—Southern Hemisphere lampreys 50
GNATHOSTOMATA—Jawed Fishes 54
Chondrichthyes—Cartilaginous Fishes 54
Carcharhinidae—requiem sharks 56
Potamotrygonidae—river stingrays 59
Dasyatidae—whiptail stingrays 63
SARCOPTERYGII—Lungfishes 66
Ceratodontidae—Australian lungfish 68
Lepidosirenidae—South American lungfish 70
Protopteridae—African lungfishes 72
ACTINOPTERYGII—Ray-Finned Fishes 76
Polypteridae—bichirs 78
Acipenseridae—sturgeons 80
Polyodontidae—paddlefishes 83
Lepisosteidae—gars 87
Amiidae—bowfin 89
Osteoglossidae—bonytongues 91
Pantodontidae—butterflyjfish 95
Hiodontidae—mooneye and goldeneye 97
Notopteridae—featherbacks 99
Mormyridae—elephantfishes 101
Gymnarchidae—aba 105
Anguillidae—freshwater eels 107
Denticipitidae—denticle herring 111
Engraulidae—anchovies 113
Pristigasteridae—pristigasterids 116
Clupeidae—herrings 118
Sundasalangidae—sundasalangids 122
Kneriidae—kneriids 124
Phractolaemidae—snake mudhead 126
Cyprinidae—minnows, carps 128
Gyrinocheilidae—algae eaters 136
Catostomidae—suckers 137
Cobitidae—loaches 144
Balitoridae—river or hillstream loaches 146
Distichodontidae—distichodontids 149
Citharinidae—citharinids 152
Parodontidae—parodontids 153
Curimatidae—curimatids 155
Prochilodontidae—prochilodontids 157
Anostomidae—anostomids, headstanders 159
Chilodontidae—chilodontids, headstanders 161
Crenuchidae—crenuchids, South American darters 163
Hemiodontidae—hemiodontids 165
Alestidae—African characins or tetras 167
Gasteropelecidae—hatchetfishes, flying characians 169
Characidae—characids 171
Acestrorhynchidae—acestrorhynchids 179
Cynodontidae—cynodontids 181
Erythrinidae—trahiras 183
Lebiasinidae—lebiasinids 185
Ctenoluciidae—pike characins 187
Hepsetidae—African pike characins 189
Diplomystidae—diplomystids 190
Cetopsidae—whale-like catfishes 193
Ictaluridae—North American or bullhead catfishes 196
Claroteidae—claroteid catfishes 200
Austroglanididae—austroglanidid catfishes 202
Bagridae—bagrid catfishes 203
Pimelodidae—long-whiskered catfishes 206
Cranoglanididae—armorhead catfishes 210
Siluridae—silurid catfishes 212
Schilbeidae—schilbeid catfishes 214
Pangasiidae—pangasiid catfishes 216
Chacidae—squarehead, angler, or frogmouth catfishes 219
Plotosidae—eeltail catfishes 220
Clariidae—air-breathing or walking catfishes 223
Heteropneustidae—air sac or stinging catfishes 227
Malapteruridae—electric catfishes 229
Ariidae—sea catfishes 231
Mochokidae—upside-down catfishes, squeakers 234
Doradidae—thorny or talking catfishes 237
Auchenipteridae—driftwood catfishes, siopehead catfishes 240
Amblycipitidae—torrent catfishes 244
Akysidae—stream catfishes 246
Sisoridae—sisorid catfishes 248
Erethistidae—erethistid catfishes 250
Aspredinidae—banjo catfishes 252
Amphiliidae—loach catfishes 255
Nematogenyidae—nematogenyid catfishes 257
Trichomycteridae—parasitic or pencil catfishes 258
Callichthyidae—armored catfishes 262
Scoloplacidae—spiny dwarf catfishes 265
Loricariidae—suckermouth armored catfishes 267
Astroblepidae—climbing catfishes 271
Sternopygidae—glass knifefishes 274
Rhamphichthyidae—sand knifefishes 276
Hypopomidae—hypopomid knifefishes 278
Apteronotidae—ghost knifefishes 280
Gymnotidae—naked-back knifefishes 282
Electrophoridae—electric eel or electric knifefish 284
Esocidae—pikes 286
Umbridae—mudminnows 289
Osmeridae—smelts 293
Salangidae—icefishes or noodlefishes 297
Retropinnidae—Southern Hemisphere smelts and graylings 298
Lepidogalaxiidae—salamanderfish 301
Galaxiidae—galaxiids 304
Salmonidae—salmons, trouts 313
Percopsidae—trout-pcrehes 321
Aphredoderidae—pirate perch 323
Amblyopsidae—cavefishes 325
Bythitidae—viviparous brotulas 327
Gadidae—cods 329
Batrachoididae—toadfishes 332
Mugilidae—mullets 334
Bedotiidae—bedotiids 337
Melanotaeniidae—rainbowfishes 339
Pseudomugilidae—blue eyes 341
Atherinidae—silversides 343
Telmatherinidae—sailfin silversides or Celebes ranibowfishes 347
Phallostethidae—phallostethids or priapium fishes 348
Adrianichthyidae—ricefishes, medakas 350
Belonidae—needlefishes 353
Hemiramphidae—halfbeaks 356
Aplocheilidae—Old World aplocheiloids 360
Rivulidae—New World aplocheiloids or rivulines 363
Profundulidae—Middle American killifishes 366
Fundulidae—topminnows and killifishes 367
Valenciidae—valenciids 372
Anablepidae—four-eyed fishes 373
Poeciliidae—poeciliids 376
Goodeidae—goodeids 381
Cyprinodontidae—pupfishes, killifishes 384
Gasterosteidae—sticklebacks 389
Syngnathidae—pipefishes and seahorses 393
Indostoimidae—indostomids 395
Synbranchidae—swamp eels 397
Chaudhuriidae—earthworm eels 400
Mastacembelidae—spiny eels 403
Cottidae—sculpins 405
Comephoridae—Baikal oilfishes 409
Abyssocottidae—abyssocottids 410
Centropomidae—snooks 412
Ambassidae—Asiatic glassfishes 416
Moronidae—temperate basses 418
Percichthyidae—temperate perches 422
Centrarchidae—sunfishes 429
Percidae—perches, darters 439
Apogonidae—cardinalfishes, mouth-almighty 447
Coiidae—tigerperches 450
Polynemidae—threadfins 452
Sciaenidae—drums, croakers 456
Monodactylidae—moonfishes 459
Toxotidae—archerfishes 461
Nandidae—Asian leaffishes 463
Polycentridae—African and South American leaffishes 466
Pristolepididae—pristolepidids 469
Terapontidae—grunters 470
Kuhliidae—flagtails 473
Elassomatidae—pygmy sunfishes 476
Cichlidae—cichlids 478
Embiotocidae—surfperches 489
Bovichthyidae—bovichthyids 492
Cheimarrhichthyidae—torrentfish 495
Rhyacichthyidae—loach gobies 496
Odontobutidae—odontobutids 499
Eleotridae—sleepers, gudgeons 500
Gobiidae—gobies 506
Kurtidae—nurseryfishes 512
Scatophagidae—scats 516
Luciocephalidae—pikehead 518
Anabantidae—climbing gouramies 521
Helostomatidae—kissing gourami 524
Belontiidae—gouramies 526
Osphronemidae—giant gouramies 529
Channidae—snakeheads 531
Achiridae—american soles 534
Soleidae—soles 537
Cynoglossidae—tonguefishes 539
Tetraodontidae—puffers 541
Glossary 548
Appendix A: Principal Rivers of the World 552
Appendix B: Principal Lakes of the World 558
Bibliography 562
Subject Index 626