Physics and National Socialism

I Controversies Prior to 1933.- 1 A. Einstein: My Reply. On the Anti-Relativity Theoretical Co., Ltd., Aug. 27, 1920.- 2 M. von Laue: Review of J. Stark’s The Current Crisis in German Physics, Jan. 12, 1923.- 3 P. Lenard & J. Stark: The Hitler Spirit and Science, May 8, 1924.- 4 A. von Brunn: Review of 100 Authors against Einstein, Mar.13, 1931.- II After the Nazi Seizure of Power.- 5 L. Meitner: Letter to Otto Hahn, Mar. 21, 1933.- 6 A. Einstein: Letters to the Prussian Academy of Sciences and the Academy’s Response, Mar. 28-Apr. 5, 1933.- 7 Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, Apr. 7, 1933.- 8 First Ordinance on the Implementation of the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, Apr. 11, 1933.- 9 Göttinger Zeitung: Voluntary Resignation of Prof. James Franck, Apr. 17, 1933.- 10 Edith Hahn: Letter to James and Ingrid Franck, Apr. 22, 1933.- 11 Göttingen University Lecturers: Professor Franck’s Resignation, Apr. 24, 1933.- 12 Law against the Overcrowding of German Schools and Universities, Apr. 25, 1933..- 13 W. Köhler: Conversations in Germany, Apr. 28, 1933.- 14 Vossische Zeitung: The Spirit at Universities, Apr. 28, 1933.- 15 F. Haber: Letter of Resignation to Minister Rust, Apr. 30, 1933.- 16 J. Franck: Letter to Walther Gerlach, May 3, 1933.- 17 Third Ordinance on the Implementation of the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, May 6, 1933.- 18 P. Lenard: A Big Day for Science. Johannes Stark appointed President of the PTR. May 13, 1933.- 19 M. von Laue: The Change in the Reich Physical and Technical Institute Presidency in the Spring of 1933.- 20 H. Kopfermann: Letter to Niels Bohr, May 23, 1933.- 21 Science: The Scientific Situation in Germany, June 2, 1933.- 22 W. Heisenberg: Letter to Max Born, June 2, 1933.- 23 C. Bosch: Letter to Fritz Haber, June 16, 1933.- 24 F. Haber: Letter to Carl Bosch, June 22, 1933.- 25 Governor of Hessen: Dismissal of George Jaf-fe, June 26, 1933.- 26 J. J. Thomson: Letter to George Jaffe, July 18, 1933.- 27 M. von Laue: Opening Address at the Physics Conference in Wiirzburg, Sep. 18, 1933.- 28 J. Stark: Organization of Physical Research, Sep. 18, 1933.- 29 M. von Laue: Fritz Haber †, Feb. 16, 1934.- 30 Kaiser Wilhelm Society: Record of a Conference Regarding the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Physics, June 22, 1934.- 31 M. von Laue: On Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Relations and their Epistemological Significance, June 29, 1934.- 32 J. Stark: Personal Evaluations of G. Hertz and R. Gans for the German University Lecturers Association, Nov. 8, 1934.- 33 G. Mie: Letter to Max von Laue, Nov. 20, 1934.- 34 M. von Laue: Letter to Gustav Mie, Nov. 22, 1934.- 35 M. Wien: Physics at German Universities, late Nov. 1934.- 36 Law on the Retirement and Transfer of Professors as a Result of the Reorganization of the German System of Higher Education, Jan. 21, 1935.- 37 M. Nordmeyer: Letter to Lise Meitner, May 21, 1935.- 38 M. Planck: Progress Report by the Kaiser Wilhelm Society for the Advancement of the Sciences (April 1934 to the End of March 1935), June 28, 1935.- 39 P. Lenard: Foreword to German Physics, August 1935.- 40 J. Stark: Philipp Lenard: An Aryan Scientist, Dec. 13, 1935.- 41 Nature: Nazi-Socialism and International Science, Dec. 14, 1935.- III The Ideological Schism:.- 42 W. Menzel: German Physics and Jewish Physics, Jan. 29, 1936.- 43 W. Heisenberg: On the Article: ‘German and Jewish Physics’, Feb. 28, 1936.- 44 J. Stark: Comment on W. Heisenberg’s Reply, Feb. 28, 1936.- 45 M. von Laue: Review of Philipp Lenard’s German Physics, Feb. 29, 1936.- 46 E. Gehrcke: How the Energy Distribution of Black-Body Radiation Was Really Found, Apr. 3, 1936.- 47 P. Debye: Comment on the Preceding Article by E. Gehrcke, May 4, 1936.- 48 P. Thiessen: Physical Chemistry in the National Socialist State, May 9, 1936.- 49 W. Heisenberg, H. Geiger & M. Wien: Petition, Spring 1936.- 50 Reich Education Ministry: Memorandum to Reich Minister Bernhard Rust, Oct. 2, 1936.- 51 Science: Germany and the Nobel Prizes, Feb. 12, 1937.- 52 B. Rust: Creation of a Research Council, Mar. 16, 1937.- 53 Reich Education Ministry: The Taking of a Doctorate by Jews of German Nationality, Apr. 15, 1937.- 54 P. Debye: Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Physics, Apr. 23, 1937.- 55 Das Schwarze Korps: ‘White Jews’ in Science, July 15, 1937.- 56 J. Stark: ‘Science’ is Politically Bankrupt, July 15, 1937.- 57 F. Hund: Letter to Reich Minister Rust, July 20, 1937.- 58 C. Krauch: Youth to the Front Line. New Blood in Science and Technology, August 1937.- 59 F. Heyer: Review of E. Günther’s Military Physics, Apr. 18, 1938.- 60 C. Bosch: Letter to Reich Minister W. Frick, May 20, 1938.- 61 Reich Interior Ministry: Letter to Carl Bosch, June 16, 1938.- 62 L. Prandtl: Letter to Heinrich Himmler, July 12, 1938.- 63 H. Himmler: Letter to Reinhard Heydrich, July 21, 1938.- 64 H. Himmler: Letter to Werner Heisenberg, July 21, 1938.- 65 H. Himmler: Letter to Ludwig Prandtl, July 21, 1938.- 66 Reich Education Ministry: Memorandum to Secretary Otto Wacker, Oct. 3, 1938.- 67 P. Debye: Letter to the board of the German Physical Society and enclosed draft letter to the German members, Dec. 2 & 8, 1938.- 68 German Physical Society: Minutes of Meeting, Dec. 14, 1938.- 69 P. W. Bridgman: ‘Manifesto’ by a Physicist, Feb. 24, 1939.- 70 L. Prandtl: Mechanics, c. April 1939.- 71 H. Geiger: Experimental Physics, c. April 1939.- 72 A. Esau: Technical Physics, c. April 1939.- 73 SS Head of the Central Office of Public Safety: Letter to R. Mentzel enclosing Report on Heisenberg, May 26, 1939.- 74 S. Flügge: Exploiting Atomic Energy, Aug. 15, 1939.- IV Physics at War:.- 75 E. Schumann: Armed Forces and Research, 1939.- 76 M. Planck: Max von Laue, Oct. 6, 1939.- 77 L. Glaser: Jews in Physics: Jewish Physics, November 1939.- 78 P. Lenard: Foreword to Ideological Continental Blockade, Feb. 1, 1940.- 79 Contract between the Army Ordnance Office and the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, Mar. 6, 1940.- 80 B. Rust: Letter to Army High Command, Mar. 15, 1940.- 81 E. Telschow: Foreword to Yearbook of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, August 1940.- 82 H.-J. Flechtner: Where does German Physics Stand Today? A Wartime Conference in Berlin, Sep. 8, 1940.- 83W. Müller: Theoretical Physics at Universities, Nov. 1940.- 84 L. Prandtl: Letter to Hermann Goring, Apr. 28, 1941.- 85 L. Prandtl: Attachment to the Letter to Goring, Apr. 28, 1941.- 86 C. Ramsauer: Letter to Ludwig Prandtl, June 4, 1941.- 87 P. Jordan: Revolution in Science, September 1941.- 88 C. Ramsauer: Letter to Ludwig Prandtl, Oct. 31, 1941.- 89 W. Weizel: Review of Jewish and German Physics, Jan. 1942.- 90 C. Ramsauer: Letter to Bernhard Rust, Jan. 20, 1942.- 91 C. Ramsauer: American Physics Outdoes German Physics, Jan. 20, 1942.- 92 C. Ramsauer: Refuting Allegations that Modern Theoretical Physics is a Product of the Jewish Spirit, Jan. 20, 1942.- 93 C. Ramsauer: The Munich Conciliation and Pacification Attempt, Jan. 20, 1942.- 94 L. Prandtl: Letter to Carl Ramsauer, Jan. 28, 1942.- 95 W. Heisenberg: The Theoretical Basis for the Generation of Energy from Uranium Fission, Feb. 26, 1942.- 96 G. Graue: Letter to Albert Vögler, Mar. 13, 1942.- 97 A. Vögler: Foreword to Yearbook of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, after Mar. 31, 1942.- 98 Führer’s Decree on the Reich Research Council, June 9, 1942.- 99 H. Göring et al.: Record of Conference Regarding the Reich Research Council, July 6, 1942.- 100 H. Feitl: War Physics. Specific Weight ‘Zero’, May 30, 1943.- 101 P. Karlson: War Physics. Dropping Bombs, May 30, 1943.- 102 C. Ramsauer: The Key Position of Physics in Science, Technology and Armament, June 18, 1943.- 103 A. Esau: Budget Memorandum to R. Mentzel, Nov. 19, 1943.- 104 K. Diebner: Nuclear Research Commissions, Apr. 18, 1944.- 105 Das Reich: A[braham]. Esau, July 16, 1944.- 106 H. Himmler: Letter to Albert Speer, Aug. 3, 1944.- 107 W. Gerlach: Letter to Martin Bormann, Dec. 16, 1944.- V The Legacy of National Socialism.- 108 L. Meitner: Letter to Otto Hahn, June 27, 1945.- 109 A. Weinberg & L. Nordheim: Memorandum on the Kernphysikalische Forschungsberichte, Nov. 8, 1945.- 110 W. Finkelnburg: The Fight against Party Physics, c. 1946.- 111 S. Goudsmit: War Physics in Germany, January 1946.- 112 S. Goudsmit: German Scientists in Army Employment I — The Case Analyzed, February 1947.- 113 H. Bethe & H. Sack: German Scientists in Army Employment II — A Protest, February 1947.- 114 M. Planck: My Audience with Adolf Hitler, May 6, 1947.- 115 W. Heisenberg: Research in Germany on the Technical Application of Atomic Energy, Aug. 16, 1947.- 116 S. Goudsmit: Nazis’ Atomic Secrets, Oct. 20, 1947.- 117 M.v. Laue: Wartime Activities of German Scientists, April 1948.- 118 P. Morrison: A Reply to Dr. von Laue, April 1948.- 119 S. Goudsmit: Our Task in Germany, April 1948.- 120 L. Meitner: Letter to Otto Hahn, June 6, 1948.- 121 W. Gerlach: Affidavit on Rudolf Mentzel, Dec. 13, 1948.- A Professional Institutions and Associations.- B State and Military Institutions.- C National Socialist Organizations.- D Some Major Industrial Firms.- E Journals and Periodicals.- F Biographical Profiles.- Name Index.