Biology of Calanoid Copepods (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Advances in Marine Biology, Volume 33 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Preface 11
Chapter 1. Introduction 12
1.1. The Scientific Literature 16
1.2. Environmental Sampling 19
1.3. Preservation of Samples 21
1.4. Methods of Study 22
Chapter 2. External Morphology. Internal Anatomy 25
2.1. External Morphology of Adults 27
2.2. External Morphology of Young 33
2.3. Integument 39
2.4. Asymmetry 47
2.5. Abnormalities and Morphological Variation 47
2.6. Internal Anatomy 48
Chapter 3. Taxonomy and Identification 60
3.1. Phylogeny of Calanoid Copepods 60
3.2. Identification of Genera and Species 68
3.3. Key to Genera of Platycopioid and Calanoid Copepods 76
Chapter 4. World List of Platycopioid and Calanoid Copepods 109
4.1. Order Platycopioida Fosshagen, 1985 109
4.2. Order Calanoida Sars, 1902 110
Chapter 5. Gut, Food and Feeding 150
5.1. Feeding Appendages 151
5.2. Food Capture 154
5.3. Food and Foraging in the Environment 160
5.4. Foraging Tactics 171
5.5. Feeding of Young Stages 177
5.6. Feeding Periodicity 178
5.7. Concluding Remarks 183
Chapter 6. Physiology 186
6.1. Rates of Feeding and Ingestion 187
6.2. Respiration and Excretion 220
6.3. Metabolism 222
6.4. Osmotic Regulation, Salinity and Temperature 226
6.5. Responses to Environmental Variables 227
6.6. Concluding Remarks 229
Chapter 7. Chemical Composition 231
7.1. Body Weight and Volume 232
7.2. Elements 247
7.3. Organic Components 256
7.4. Other Organic Components 260
7.5. Energy Content 261
7.6. Vitamins 261
7.7. Carotenoids 262
7.8. Enzymes 263
Chapter 8. Reproduction 264
8.1. Seasonality in Breeding 264
8.2. Mating Behaviour 267
8.3. Spawning 277
8.4. Food Availability and Egg Production 300
8.5. Mortality of Eggs 303
8.6. Hatching of Eggs 304
8.7. Concluding Remarks 305
Chapter 9. Growth 307
9.1. Laboratory Culture of Copepods 308
9.2. Development Time of Eggs 309
9.3. Growth 325
9.4. Growth Rates 349
9.5. Longevity 350
9.6. Concluding Remarks 355
Chapter 10. Population Biology 358
10.1. Sampling 360
10.2. Demographic Analysis 363
10.3. Life History Patterns (Strategies) 392
10.4. Population Maintenance 403
10.5. Biomass of Populations 409
Chapter 11. Behaviour 411
11.1. Swimming Activity 412
11.2. Spatial Distribution 434
11.3. Bioluminescence 445
11.4. Vertical Migration 450
11.5. Rhythms 463
11.6. Concluding Remarks 464
Chapter 12. Distributional Ecology 467
12.1. Biomass of the Copepod Fauna 468
12.2. Associations of Copepods 471
12.3. Copepods of Pelagic Environments 481
12.4. Restricted Environments 498
Chapter 13. Geographical Distribution 515
13.1. Introductions of Calanoids 516
13.2. Faunal Provinces and Large Marine Ecosystems 520
13.3. Identification of Species 527
13.4. Concluding Remarks 527
Chapter 14. Copepods in Ecosystems 529
14.1. Ecosystems 530
14.2. Fate of Faecal Pellets 536
14.3. Perturbations within Ecosystems 537
14.4. The Biology of Copepods 538
References 542
Taxonomic Index 672
Subject Index 704
Cumulative Index of Titles 714
Cumulative Index of Authors 720