Small Animal Critical Care Medicine

Part I: Assessment and Triage 1.Physical examination 2.Patient triage 3.Survival prediction index Part II: Frequently Encountered Problems in the Intensive Care Unit 4.Cardiopulmonary resuscitation 5.Fever 6.Hypotension 7.Oliguria 8.Deteriorating mental status 9.Tachypnea and hypoxemia 10.Shock 11.Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) 12.Nosocomial infections and zoonoses 13.Enteral nutrition 14.Parenteral nutrition Part III: Respiratory Disorders 15.Respiratory failure 16.Upper airway disease 17.Endotracheal intubation 18.Tracheostomy 19.Oxygen therapy 20.Allergic airway disease and asthma 21.Pulmonary edema 22.Pneumonia 23.Aspiration pneumonitis and pneumonia 24.Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome 25.Pulmonary contusions and hemorrhage 26.Ventilator associated lung injury 27.Pulmonary thromboembolism 28.Smoke inhalation 29.Atelectasis 30.Pleural space disease 31.Thoracocentesis 32.Thoracostomy tube placement and drainage 33.Chest wall disease 34.Non-respiratory "look-alikes" Part IV: Cardiovascular Disorders 35.Cardiogenic shock 36.Left ventricular failure 37.Feline cardiomyopathy 38.Canine cardiomyopathy 39.Valvular heart disease 40.Myocardial contusion 41.Myocardial infarction 42.Hypertensive crisis 43.Pericardial diseases 44.Pericardial tamponade 45.Bradyarrhythmias and conduction disturbances 46.Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias 47.Ventricular tachyarrhythmias 48.Myocarditis 49.Arterial catheterization 50.Pulmonary arterial catheterization 51.Temporary transvenous pacing 52.Trancutaneous pacing 53.Cardioversion and defibrillation Part V: Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disturbances 54.Sodium disorders 55.Potassium disorders 56.Calcium disorders 57.Magnesium disorders 58.Phosphate disorders 59.Acid-base disturbances 60.Lactic acidosis Part VI: Fluid Therapy 61.Peripheral venous catheterization 62.Intraosseous catheterization 63.Central venous catheterization 64.Daily intravenous fluid therapy 65.Shock fluids and fluid challenge 66.Transfusion medicine Part VII: Endocrine Disorders 67.Diabetic ketoacidosis 68.Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome 69.Hypoglycemia 70.Diabetes insipidus 71.Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone 72.Thyroid storm 73.Myxedema coma 74.Pheochromocytoma 75.Relative Adrenal insufficiency 76.Hypoadrenocorticism Part VIII: Intoxications 77.Approach to poisoning and drug overdose 78.Ethylene glycol 79.Acetominophen and salicylates 80.Illicit drugs 81.Rodenticides 82.Sedative, muscle relaxant, and narcotic overdose 83.Calcium channel and beta-block drug overdose 84.Digoxin overdose 85.Cyanide 86.Carbon monoxide 87.Methemoglobinemia 88.Cyclic antidepressant drug overdose 89.Anticholineric poisonings 90.Serotonin syndrome 91.Anticholinesterase toxicity 92.Ivermectin toxicity 93.Pyrethrins 94.Snake envenomation 95.Spider bite Part IX: Neurologic Disorders 96.Coma scales 97.Seizures and status epilepticus 98.Spinal cord injury 99.Intracranial hypertension 100.Lower motor neuron disease 101.Tetanus 102.Hepatoencephalopathy 103.Vestibular disease 104.Cerebrospinal fluid sampling Part X: Infectious Disorders 105.Sepsis 106.Septic shock 107.Gram-positive infections 108.Gram-negative infections 109.Fungal infections 110.Viral infections 111.Canine parvovirus 112.Endocarditis 113.Urosepsis 114.Necrotizing soft-tissue infections 115.Catheter-related bloodstream infection 116.Hematologic Disorders 117.Hypercoagulable states 118.Bleeding disorders 119.Thrombocytopenia 120.Anemia 121.Acute hemolytic disorders 122.Blood smear evaluation Part XI: Intra-abdominal Disorders 123.Acute abdominal pain 124.Acute pancreatitis 125.Acute cholecystitis 126.Hepatitis and cholangiohepatitis 127.Hepatic failure 128.Gastroenteritis 129.Motility disorders 130.Gastrointestinal hemorrhage 131.Vomiting and Regurgitation 132.Diarrhea 133.Peritonitis 134.Gastric dilatation volvulus and bloat Part XII: Urogenital Disorders 135.Acute renal failure 136.Chronic renal failure 137.Hemodialysis and Peritoneal dialysis 138.Urinary catheterization 139.Pyometra 140.Dystocia and Obstetric crises 141.Paraphimosis and priapism 142.Mastitis Part XIII: Surgical and Postoperative Conditions 143.Preoperative evaluation of the critically ill patient 144.Postoperative evaluation of the critically ill patient 145.Post-craniotomy management 146.Portosytemic shunt management 147.Peritoneal drainage techniques- 148.Post-thoracotomy management 149.Post-cardiac surgery management 150.Post-cardio-pulmonary bypass management 151.Kidney transplantation Part IV: Trauma 152.Traumatic brain injury 153.Thoracic trauma 154.Abdominal trauma 155.Abdominocentesis 156.Diagnostic peritoneal lavage 157.Wound management 158.Thermal burn injury 159.Electrical and lightning injuries 160.Massive transfusion Part XV: Anesthesia and Pain Management 161.Pain and sedation assessment 162.Sedation of the critical patient 163.Anesthesia of the critical patient 164.Analgesia and continuous rate infusions 165.Complementary and alternative therapies Part XVI: Miscellaneous Disorders 166.Hypothermia 167.Heat stroke 168.Anaphylaxis 169.Near drowning 170.Fat embolism 171.Tumor lysis syndrome 172.Ocular disease in the intensive care unit 173.Air embolism 174.Critical pediatric patients 175.Critical geriatric patients Part XVII: Pharmacology 176.Vasoactive catecholamines 177.Vasopressin 178.Antihypertensives 179.Nitroglycerin 180.Diuretics 181.Gastrointestinal protectants 182.Anti-emetics 183.Neuromuscular blockers 184.Narcotic agonists and naloxone 185.Benzodiazepines and flumazenil 186.Anticonvulsants- 187.Anticoagulants 188.Thrombolytic agents 189.Digoxin 190.Antidysrhythmic agents 191.Beta blockers 192.Inhaled medications 193.Complications of chemotherapeutic agents 194.Principles of antimicrobial use 195.Penicillins and cephalosporins 196.Aminoglycosides 197.Fluoroquinolone 198.Macrolides 199.Antifungal therapy 200.Miscellaneous antibiotics Part XVIII: Monitoring 201.Daily assessment of the critical patient 202.Nutritional assessment 203.Hemodynamic monitoring 204.Urine output 205.Colloid osmotic pressure and osmolality 206.Intraabdominal pressure 207.Capnography 208.Blood gas and oximetry monitoring 209.Intracranial pressure monitoring 210.Sedation monitoring 211.Electrocardiogram evaluation 212.Cardiac output monitoring Part XIX: Mechanical Ventilation 213.Basic mechanical ventilation 214.Advanced mechanical ventilation 215.Jet ventilation 216.Care of the ventilator patient 217.Discontinuing mechanical ventilation Appendix Conversion tables Calculations and continuous rate infusions Reference ranges Management of the critical care unit