Drug Therapy for Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat

Valerie J. Wiebe, Pharm. D, FSVHP, Dip. ICVP, is the Director of Pharmacy at the University of California, Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, where she has an appointment as Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Internal Medicine, in Davis, California, USA. She also maintains an adjunct Clinical Professorship at the University of San Francisco, Department of Pharmacy, in San Francisco, California, USA.

Preface ix Acknowledgments x Section A: Pharmacology Guidelines 1 Understanding Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) 1 2 Static versus Cidal Antibiotics 1 3 In Vitro versus In Vivo Efficacy 2 4 Approaching Infectious Disease Cases 2 5 Why Antibiotics Fail 4 6 Adjusting Doses in Renal Failure 5 7 Pregnancy Risk Categories 6 8 Lactation Guidelines: Penetration of Drugs into Milk 7 9 Safe Writing Skills 7 10 Basic Math Skills 8 Section B: Empiric Therapy Pending Diagnostic Results 11 Arthritis Osteomyelitis 9 12 Bacteremia and Sepsis 10 13 Central Nervous System Infections (Meningitis) 11 14 Endocarditis (Bacterial) 12 15 Intra-Abdominal Infections 13 16 Neonatal Infections 14 17 Infections Associated with Neutropenia 15 18 Otitis Externa and Otitis Media 15 19 Pancreatitis 16 20 Peritonitis and Abscesses 17 21 Pneumonia/Bronchitis 18 22 Prostatitis 19 23 Pyothorax Infections 20 24 Sinus Infections 20 25 Skin and Soft Tissue Infections 21 26 Urinary Tract Infections 22 Section C: Therapy of Established Infections 27 Acanthamoeba 25 28 Acinetobacter 26 29 Actinomyces 27 30 Adenovirus (Infectious Canine Hepatitis) 28 31 Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus (Feline Lungworm) 29 32 Anaerobic Species (Bacteroides and Provotella) 30 33 Anaplasma Species 30 34 Ancylostoma Species (Hookworms) 31 35 Ascaris Species (Roundworms) 32 36 Aspergillus Species 33 37 Babesia Species 35 38 Bartonella Species (Cat Scratch Disease) 36 39 Blastomycosis 37 40 Bordetella Bronchiseptica (Kennel Cough) 38 41 Borrelia Burgdorferi (Lyme Disease) 39 42 Brucella (Canine Brucellosis) 40 43 Calicivirus 42 44 Campylobacter Species 43 45 Candida Species 43 46 Canine Influenza Virus (CIV) 44 47 Capillaria Aerophila (Lungworm) 45 48 Cestode Species (Tapeworms) 46 49 Cheyletiella Species (Walking Dandruff) 47 50 Chlamydia Species 48 51 Citrobacter Species 49 52 Clostridium Difficile 50 53 Clostridium Tetani/Botulinum 51 54 Coccidiomycosis 52 55 Corynebacterium Species 53 56 Coxiellosis Species (Q Fever) 54 57 Cryptococcus Species 55 58 Cryptosporidium Species 56 59 Ctenocephalides Species (Fleas) 56 60 Cuterebra Species (Botfly Larvae) 57 61 Cytauxzoon Felis 59 62 Dematiaceous Fungi (Phaeohypomycosis Chromoblastomycosis) 59 63 Demodex Canis/Felis (Red Mange) 60 64 Dermatophytosis 61 65 Dipylidium Caninum (Flea Tapeworm) 62 66 Dirofilaria Immitis (Heartworm) 63 67 Distemper (Canine) 64 68 Ehrlichia Species 65 69 Entamoeba Histolytica 66 70 Enterobacter Species 67 71 Enterococcus 68 72 Erysipelothrix Species 69 73 Escherichia Coli (Enterotoxigenic/Enterohemorrhagic) 70 74 Eschericha Coli (Nonenterohemorrhagic) 71 75 Feline Coronovirus (Feline Infectious Peritonitis: FIP) 72 76 Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) 73 77 Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) 74 78 Feline Panleukopenia Virus 75 79 Francisella Tularensis (Tularemia) 75 80 Fusarium Species 76 81 Giardia Species 77 82 Helicobacter Species 78 83 Hepatozoon Americanum/Canis (Hepatozoonosis) 79 84 Herpes Virus (Canine) 80 85 Histoplasma Capsulatum 80 86 Hyalohyphomycosis (Paecilomyces/Scedosporium) 81 87 Isospora Species 82 88 Klebsiella Species 83 89 Leishmaniosis 84 90 Leptospira Species 85 91 Lice 86 92 Malassezia 87 93 Microsporidia 88 94 Mucor Species 89 95 Mycobacterium Species 90 96 Mycoplasma Species 91 97 Myiasis (Maggots) 92 98 Neospora Caninum 92 99 Neorickettsia Helminthoeca 93 100 Nocardia Species 94 101 Otodectes Cynotis (Otodectic Mange) 95 102 Papilloma Virus 96 103 Paragonimus Species (Liver Flukes) 97 104 Parvovirus 97 105 Pasteurella Species 98 106 Poxvirus 99 107 Proteus Species 100 108 Prototheca Species 101 109 Pseudomonas Aeruginosa 102 110 Pseudorabies (Aujeszky's Disease) 103 111 Rabies Virus 104 112 Rhodococcus Equi 104 113 Rickettsia Rickettsii (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever) 105 114 Salmonella Species 106 115 Sarcoptes Scabiei (Sarcoptic Mange) 107 116 Serratia Species 108 117 Shigella Species 109 118 Sporothrix Species 110 119 Staphylococcus Species 111 120 Streptococcus Species 112 121 Strongyloides Species (Threadworms) 113 122 Toxocara Canis/Cati 114 123 Toxoplasma Gondii (Toxoplasmosis) 115 124 Trichomonas Species 115 125 Yersinia Pestis (Plaque) 116 Section D: Antibiotics 126 Amikacin 118 127 Amoxicillin 120 128 Ampicillin 122 129 Azithromycin 124 130 Cefadroxil 126 131 Cefazolin 128 132 Cefdinir 130 133 Cefepime 132 134 Cefotaxime 134 135 Cefovecin 136 136 Cefoxitin 138 137 Cefpodoxime 140 138 Ceftazidime 142 139 Ceftiofur 143 140 Cefuroxime 145 141 Cephalexin 147 142 Chloramphenicol 149 143 Ciprofloxacin 151 144 Clarithromycin 153 145 Clavamox 155 146 Clindamycin 157 147 Dicloxacillin 159 148 Doxycycline 161 149 Enrofloxacin 163 150 Erythromycin 166 151 Florfenicol 168 152 Gentamicin 170 153 Imipenem and Cilastatin 172 154 Linezolid 174 155 Marbofloxacin 176 156 Meropenem 178 157 Metronidazole 180 158 Minocycline 182 159 Nitrofurantoin 185 160 Orbifloxacin 187 161 Oxytetracycline 189 162 Penicillin 191 163 Pradofloxacin 193 164 Rifampin 195 165 Potentiated Sulfas 197 166 Timentin 200 167 Tobramycin 202 168 Tylosin 204 169 Unasyn 206 170 Vancomycin 208 171 Zosyn 211 Section E: Antifungal Agents 172 Amphotericin B 221 173 Caspofungin 224 174 Clotrimazole 226 175 Enilconazole 228 176 Fluconazole 230 177 Flucytosine 232 178 Itraconazole 234 179 Ketoconazole 237 180 Posaconazole 239 181 Terbinafine 241 182 Voriconazole 243 Section F: Antiparasitic Agents 183 Albendazole 247 184 Atovaquone 249 185 Fenbendazole 251 186 Fipronil 253 187 Imidacloprid 255 188 Imidocarb Dipropionate 257 189 Ivermectin 259 190 Lufenuron 262 191 Meglumine Antimoniate 263 192 Melarsomine 265 193 Miltefosine 268 194 Milbemycin Oxime 269 195 Moxidectin 272 196 Nitazoxanide 274 197 Nitenpyram 276 198 Ponazuril (Toltrazuril Sulfone) 278 199 Praziquantel 280 200 Primaquine Phosphate 282 201 Pyrantel Pamoate 283 202 Ronidazole 285 203 Selamectin 287 204 Spinosid 289 205 Sulfadimethoxine 291 206 Tinidazole 294 Section G: Antiviral Agents 207 Acyclovir 297 208 Famciclovir 299 209 Cidofovir 301 210 Idoxuridine 302 211 Oseltamivir 304 212 Vidarabine 306 213 Zidovudine 307 Index 310