Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine

THE EDITORS Steeve Giguère, DVM, PhD, DACVIM, is Professor of Large Animal Internal Medicine and the Marguerite Hodgson Chair in Equine Studies at the College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, in Athens, Georgia. John F. Prescott, MA, VetMB, PhD, is Professor in the Department of Pathobiology at the University of Guelph in Guelph, Ontario. Patricia M. Dowling, DVM, MS, DACVIM, DACVCP, is Professor of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.

Contributors ix

Preface xiii

Important Notice xv

Abbreviations xvii

Section I General Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy 1

1 Antimicrobial Drug Action and Interaction: An Introduction 3
Steeve Giguère

2 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Methods and Interpretation of Results 11
Joseph E. Rubin

3 Antimicrobial Resistance and its Epidemiology 21
Patrick Boerlin and David G. White

4 Principles of Antimicrobial Drug Bioavailability and Disposition 41

J. Desmond Baggot and Steeve Giguère

5 The Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobial Agents 79
Marilyn N. Martinez, Pierre-Louis Toutain, and John Turnidge

6 Principles of Antimicrobial Drug Selection and Use 105
Steeve Giguère

7 Antimicrobial Stewardship in Animals 117
J. Scott Weese, Stephen W. Page, and John F. Prescott

Section II Classes of Antimicrobial Agents 133

8 Beta-lactam Antibiotics: Penam Penicillins 135
John F. Prescott

9 Beta-lactam Antibiotics: Cephalosporins 153
John F. Prescott

10 Other Beta-lactam Antibiotics: Beta-lactamase Inhibitors, Carbapenems, and Monobactams 175
John F. Prescott

11 Peptide Antibiotics: Polymyxins, Glycopeptides, Bacitracin, and Fosfomycin 189
Patricia M. Dowling

12 Lincosamides, Pleuromutilins, and Streptogramins 199
Steeve Giguère

13 Macrolides, Azalides, and Ketolides 211
Steeve Giguère

14 Aminoglycosides and Aminocyclitols 233
Patricia M. Dowling

15 Tetracyclines 257
Jérôme R.E. del Castillo

16 Chloramphenicol, Thiamphenicol, and Florfenicol 269
Patricia M. Dowling

17 Sulfonamides, Diaminopyrimidines, and Their Combinations 279
John F. Prescott

18 Fluoroquinolones 295
Steeve Giguère and Patricia M. Dowling

19 Miscellaneous Antimicrobials: Ionophores, Nitrofurans, Nitroimidazoles, Rifamycins, and Others 315
Patricia M. Dowling

20 Antifungal Chemotherapy 333
Steeve Giguère

Section III Special Considerations_357

21 Prophylactic Use of Antimicrobial Agents, and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy for the Neutropenic Patient 359
Steeve Giguère, Anthony C.G. Abrams-Ogg, and Stephen A. Kruth

22 Performance Uses of Antimicrobial Agents and Non-antimicrobial Alternatives 379
Thomas R. Shryock and Stephen W. Page

23 Antimicrobial Therapy of Selected Organ Systems 395
Patricia M. Dowling

24 Antimicrobial Therapy of Selected Bacterial Infections 421
Steeve Giguère

25 Antimicrobial Drug Residues in Foods of Animal Origin 431
Patricia M. Dowling

26 Regulation of Antimicrobial Use in Animals 443
Karolina Törneke and Christopher Boland

Section IV A ntimicrobial Drug Use in Selected Animal Species 455

27 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Horses 457
Steeve Giguère and Tiago Afonso

28 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Dogs and Cats 473
Jane E. Sykes

29 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Cattle 495
Michael D. Apley and Johann F. Coetzee

30 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Mastitis 519
Sarah Wagner and Ron Erskine

31 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Sheep and Goats 529
Chris R. Clark

32 Antimicrobial Drug Use in New World Camelids 541
Christopher K. Cebra and Margaret L. Cebra

33 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Swine 553
David G.S. Burch

34 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Poultry 569
Charles L. Hofacre, Jenny A. Fricke, and Tom Inglis

35 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Companion Birds 589
Keven Flammer

36 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Rabbits, Rodents, and Ferrets 601
Colette L. Wheler

37 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Reptiles 623
Ramiro Isaza and Elliott R. Jacobson

38 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Zoological Animals 637
Ellen Wiedner and Robert P. Hunter

39 Antimicrobial Drug Use in Aquaculture 645
Renate Reimschuessel, Ron A. Miller, and Charles M. Gieseker

Index 663