Fracture Behavior of Asphalt Materials (eBook)

Preface 6
Contents 8
About the Authors 11
Nomenclature and Abbreviations 12
1 Cracking in Asphalt Concretes 16
1.1 Introduction 16
1.2 Asphalt Concrete 17
1.2.1 Aggregates 19
1.2.2 Binder 20
1.2.3 Binder Modification 21
1.3 Deteriorations of Asphalt Pavements 21
1.3.1 Cracking 23
1.3.2 Surface Deformation 27
1.3.3 Disintegration 28
1.3.4 Surface Defects 29
1.4 Organization of This Book 30
References 30
2 Numerical Studies on Asphalt Concretes 32
2.1 Introduction 33
2.2 Fracture Mechanics 33
2.3 Discrete Element Method 35
2.4 Micromechanical Fracture Models 38
2.5 Finite Element Modeling of Road Structures 49
2.5.1 Parametric Study on Road Structure: 2D Investigations 51
2.5.2 Three-Dimensional Investigations 60
2.6 Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) in Modeling Fracture of Asphalt Concretes 69
2.7 Cohesive Zone Model 74
2.7.1 Application of CZM in Finite Element Analysis of Asphalt Mixtures 76
2.8 Summary 84
References 86
3 Fracture Behavior of HMA Concretes at Low Temperatures 92
3.1 Introduction 92
3.2 Mixed Mode I/II Fracture Toughness 93
3.2.1 Test Specimen 93
3.2.2 Numerical Analysis of SCB Specimen 94
3.2.3 Fracture Experiments 97
3.3 Effect of Aggregate Type 100
3.4 Effect of Aggregate Gradation 102
3.5 Effect of Air Void Content 106
3.6 Effect of Binder Content and Binder Type 108
3.7 Effect of Temperature 109
3.8 Effect of Nanomaterials 120
3.9 Effect of Fibers 131
3.10 Effect of Additives 143
3.11 Mixed Mode I/III Fracture Toughness 147
3.12 Effect of Specimen Size and Geometry on Fracture Test Results 155
3.13 Fracture Process Zone in Asphalt Concrete 161
3.14 Summary 164
References 165
4 Fracture Behavior of WMA Concretes 172
4.1 Introduction 172
4.2 Mixed Mode I/II Fracture Resistance of WMA Concretes 173
4.2.1 Effect of Temperature 173
4.2.2 Effect of Crumb Rubber 177
4.2.3 Effect of Fiber 179
4.2.4 Effect of Aggregate Type 185
4.3 Comparison of Fracture Resistance of WMA and HMA Concretes 187
4.4 Summary 193
References 194
5 Application of Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics in Asphalt Concretes 196
5.1 Introduction 196
5.2 Fracture Energy 197
5.2.1 SCB Test 198
5.2.2 DC(T) Test 204
5.2.3 SENB Test 208
5.3 J-Integral Method 211
5.3.1 Summary 217
References 218
6 Summary 220
6.1 Introduction 220
Index 226