Rotating Machineries (eBook)

Preface 6
Contents 7
Contributors 8
Condition Monitoring and Assessment for Rotating Machinery 9
Introduction 10
Visual Inspection/Observation 11
Vibration Analysis 12
Techniques of Vibration Analysis 14
Displacement 14
Velocity 14
Acceleration 15
Vibration Value 15
Trending 16
Spectrum Analysis 17
Lube Oil Analysis 19
Categories of Testing 19
Visual Inspection 19
On-Site Testing 20
Lube Oil Laboratory Testing 20
Lube Oil Consumption Monitoring 21
Boroscope Inspection 22
Ultrasonic Inspection 22
Thermography 23
Motor Current Signature Analysis 23
Performance Monitoring 24
Start Reliability and Trip Data 26
Implementation of Condition Monitoring Program in Industry 26
Integrated Approach for Real Time Condition Monitoring 27
Risk-Based Maintenance Approach for Rotating Machinery 27
Remote Monitoring and Diagnostics (RMampD) 29
Summary 30
Bibliography 30
Turnaround Activities of Rotating Machinery for Mechanical Engineers 31
Introduction 31
Classifications of Rotating Machinery 32
Drivers 32
Driven 33
Accessories 33
Preparation Activities for Turnaround of Rotating Machinery 34
Types of Rotating Machinery 35
Site Visits 35
Equipment Drawings and PampID 35
Job Method Instructions for Rotating Machinery Overhaul 36
Job Inspection Checklists 38
Job Safety Analysis 40
Bill of Materials 41
Preparing Blind Lists and Size of Blinds 44
Identifying Assisted Access 44
Turnaround Work Schedule 45
Preparing Contract Specification 45
Work Execution 46
Safety 46
Monitoring Activities 48
Post-Turnaround Activities 48
Summary 49
Bibliography 50
Localization of Gas Turbine Maintenance by Malaysian Gas Turbine Owners and Operators 51
Introduction 51
Gas Turbine Maintenance and Inspection 53
Degradation of GT 54
GT Maintenance and Refurbishment Practices Locally 54
Discussion 58
Summary 58
References 59
Probabilistic Life Cycle Costing: A Case Study of Centrifugal Pumps 60
Overview of Life Cycle Cost 60
Life Cycle Costing Model 61
Acquisition Cost 62
Installation Cost 63
Operation Cost 63
Maintenance Cost 64
Production Downtime Cost 65
Decommissioning Cost 65
Probabilistic Life Cycle Costing Through RAM Analysis 66
Overview of the Case Study 66
Estimation of Acquisition Cost 67
Estimation of Operation Cost 68
Estimation of Maintenance and Production Downtime Costs 69
Summary 77
References 77
CFD Analysis of Fouling Effects on Aerodynamics Performance of Turbine Blades 79
Introduction 79
Gas Turbine Fouling and Its Effects 80
CFD Analysis Technique 82
Findings 84
Fouling Effects on Airflow Across Blade Surface 84
Fouling Effects on Pressure Distribution Across Blade Surface 85
Fouling Effects on Temperature Distribution 88
Summary 88
References 90
Electrohydrodynamic Pumps for Dielectric Liquid Application 91
Introduction 91
Electrohydrodynamic Forces 92
Types of EHD Pumps 93
Induction Type 93
Conduction Type 94
Polarization Type 94
Ion-drag Type 95
EHD Pumps Application and Performance 96
Conduction EHD Pump 96
Ion-drag Pump 96
Induction Pump 97
Summary 97
References 98
Experimental Study on Electrical Power Generation from a 1-kW Engine Using Simulated Biogas Fuel 99
Introduction 99
Methodology 100
Procedure Running the Generator with Gasoline 101
Procedure Running the Generator with LPG 102
Procedure Running the Generator with Natural Gas 103
Procedure Running the Generator with Simulated Biogas 103
Results and Discussions 104
Engine Performance 104
Exhaust Emissions 107
Summary 109
References 110