Fracture Mechanics

Preface
INTRODUCTION
History and Overview
Why Structures Fail
Historical Perspective
The Fracture Mechanics Approach to Design
Effect of Material Properties on Fracture
A Brief Review of Dimensional Analysis
References
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS
Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics
An Atomic View of Fracture
Stress Concentration Effect of Flaws
The Griffith Energy Balance
The Energy Release Rate
Instability and the R Curve
Stress Analysis of Cracks
Relationship Between K and G
Plane Stress versus Plane Strain
K as a Failure Criterion
Mixed-Mode Fracture
References
Appendix: Mathematical Foundations of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics
Plane Elasticity
Crack Growth Instability Analysis
Crack Tip Stress Analysis
Elliptical Integral of the Second Kind
Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics
Crack Tip Opening Displacement
The J Contour Integral
Relationship between J and CTOD
Crack Growth Resistance Curves
J-Controlled Fracture
Crack-Tip Constraint Under Large-Scale Yielding
References
Appendix: Mathematical Foundations of Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics
Determining CTOD From the Strip Yield Model
The J Contour Integral
J as a Nonlinear Energy Release Rate
The HRR Singularity
Analysis of Stable Crack Growth in Small Scale Yielding
Notes on the Applicability of Deformation Plasticity to Crack Problems
Dynamic and Time-Dependent Fracture
Dynamic Fracture and Crack Arrest
Creep Crack Growth
Viscoelastic Fracture Mechanics
Elastodynamic Crack Tip Fields
Derivation of the Generalized
MATERIAL BEHAVIOR
Fracture Mechanisms in Metals
Ductile Fractures
Cleavage
The Ductile-Brittle Transition
Intergranular Fracture
References
Appendix: Statistical Modeling of Cleavage Fracture
Weakest Link Fracture
Incorporating a Conditional Probability of Propagation
Fracture Mechanisms in Nonmetals
Engineering Plastics
Ceramics and Ceramic Composites
Concrete and Rock
References
APPLICATIONS
Fracture Toughness Testing of Metals
General Considerations
Klc Testing
K-R Curve Testing
J Testing of Metals
CTOD Testing
Dynamic and Crack Arrest Toughness
Fracture Testing Weldments
Testing and Analysis of Steels in the Ductile-Brittle Transition Region
Qualitative Toughness Tests
References
Appendix: Experimental Estimates of Deformation J
Fracture Testing of Nonmetals
Fracture Toughness Measurements in Engineering Plastics
Interlaminar Toughness of Composites
Ceramics
References
Application to Structures
Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics
The ASME Reference Curves
The CTOD Design Curve
Failure Assessment Diagrams
The EPRI J Estimation Scheme
The Reference Stress Approach
Comparison of Driving Force Equations
The PD 6493 Method
The R6 Method
Probabilistic Fracture Mechanics
Limitations of Existing Approaches
References
Fatigue Crack Propagation
Similitude in Fatigue
Empirical Fatigue Crack Outgrowth Equations
Crack Closure
Variable Amplitude Loading and Retardation
Growth of Short Cracks
Micromechanisms of Fatigue
Experimental Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth
References
Appendix: Application of the J Contour Integral to Cyclic Loading
Definition of DJ
Path Independence of DJ
Small Scale Yielding Limit
Computational Fracture Mechanics
Overview of Numerical Methods
Traditional Methods in Computational Fracture Mechanics
The Energy Domain Integral
Mesh Design
Limitations of Numerical Fracture Analysis
References
Appendix: Properties of Singularity Elements
Quadrilateral Element
Triangular Element
REFERENCE MATERIAL
Compilation of K, J, Compliance and Limit Load Solutions
Through-Thickness Cracks-Flat Plates
Part-Through Cracks-Flat Plates
Flawed Cylinders
References
Practice Problems
INDEX