Proceedings of International Conference on Remote Sensing for Disaster Management (eBook)

Foreword 7
Preface 9
Acknowledgements 11
Contents 13
1 GIS Based Management System for Flood Forecast Applications 22
Abstract 22
1 Introduction 22
2 Study Area 23
3 Methodology 25
3.1 SWAT Model Set-Up 26
3.2 HEC-RAS Model Set-Up 28
4 Results and Discussions 28
5 Conclusions 32
References 32
2 Rapid Detection of Regional Level Flood Events Using AMSR-E Satellite Images 34
Abstract 34
1 Introduction 35
2 Study Area and Datasets 35
3 Methodology and Analysis 36
3.1 Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Ogni Flood by AMSR-E Data 37
3.2 Spatial Analysis of Ogni Flood by ENVISAT Images 37
4 Results and Discussions 38
4.1 Flood Detection from AMSR-E Images 38
4.2 Image Similarity Calculation 39
4.3 Flood Detection from ENVISAT Images 41
5 Conclusions 43
Acknowledgements 43
References 43
3 GIS Technology for Assessment of Urban Green Cover Area of Madurai Corporation in Tamil Nadu 45
Abstract 45
1 Introduction 46
2 Study Area and Satellite Data 46
3 Methodology 47
4 Results and Discussion 48
5 Conclusions 51
References 51
4 Insight to the Potentials of Sentinel-1 SAR Data for Embankment Breach Assessment 52
Abstract 52
1 Introduction 53
2 Materials and Methods 54
3 Results and Discussions 55
4 Conclusions 59
Acknowledgements 59
References 59
5 Security Issues in Geo-Spatial Big Data Analytics with Special Reference to Disaster Management 61
Abstract 61
1 Introduction 62
2 Related Works 63
3 Issues of Geospatial Big Data 63
3.1 Data Security 63
3.2 Data Privacy 64
4 Security Threats to Geospatial Big Data 65
4.1 Spammy Locksmith Attack 65
4.2 Impersonation Attacks 65
5 Conclusions 66
References 66
6 Monitoring Convective Clouds Over India and Nearby Regions Using Multi-spectral Satellite Observations 68
Abstract 68
1 Introduction 69
2 Study Area and Data Used 70
3 Methodology 71
4 Results and Discussion 72
4.1 Case Study I 73
4.2 Case Study II 73
4.3 Statistical Validation with Rain Gauge Based Product 75
5 Conclusion 75
Acknowledgements 75
References 75
7 Design and Fabrication of Solar Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Border Surveillance 78
Abstract 78
1 Introduction 79
2 Theoretical Design Approach of a Solar UAV 80
2.1 Solar Panel Test 81
2.2 Design and Fabrication of Solar UAV 83
3 Result and Discussions 84
3.1 Image Processing 85
3.2 Vision Based Navigation for Future Surveillance by Autonomous Solar UAV 86
4 Conclusions 87
References 88
8 Quality Evaluation of CartoDEM in Different Resolutions 89
Abstract 89
1 Introduction 90
2 Quality Assessment 90
3 Discussion and Conclusions 95
Acknowledgements 97
References 97
9 Multi-angle LIDAR for Remote Sensing Smoke Emissions from Wildfires 98
Abstract 98
1 Introduction 99
2 Description of LIDAR Site 99
3 Description of LIDAR Instrument 100
4 Conclusions 102
References 104
10 Urbanisation and Tank Systems Adjoining Hyderabad—A Rapid Assessment Using Remote Sensing Techniques 105
Abstract 105
1 Introduction 106
2 Materials and Methods 106
2.1 Study Area 106
2.2 Datasets 107
2.3 Methodology 108
3 Results and Discussion 109
3.1 Changes in Ayacut Land Use 109
3.2 Changes in Tank Water Spread Area 111
4 Conclusions 112
References 113
11 ACE and HDP of Tropical Cyclones Induced Disasters and Financial Loss Over China Coast During Last Decades (1995–2016) 114
Abstract 114
1 Introduction 115
2 Data and Methodology 116
3 Results and Discussion 117
3.1 Variation of TC Over NWP and Relation with El Nino 117
3.2 Variation of ACE, HDP and Financial Loss Over China Coast 120
3.3 ACE, HDP and Financial Losses Over East and South Coast of China 121
4 Conclusion 122
Acknowledgements 122
References 122
12 Disaster Preparedness: Veterinarian Perspective 125
Abstract 125
1 Introduction 126
2 Disasters and Livestock in India 126
3 Impacts of Disasters on Livestock 127
3.1 Focus on an Essential Relationship 127
3.2 Phases of Emergency Management of Livestock During Disasters 127
3.3 Livestock Managemental Strategies During a Disaster 128
4 Role of Veterinarians in Disaster 129
4.1 Disaster Preparedness for Veterinarians 129
5 Veterinary Services and Disaster Reduction 130
References 130
13 Delineation of Target Areas for MGNREGA Related NRM Activities Using Web GIS and Multi Thematic Geo Spatial Datasets 132
Abstract 132
1 Introduction 133
2 Study Area 134
2.1 Description 134
3 Methodology 135
3.1 Work Flow for Planning Suitable Sites 135
4 Satellite Data 136
5 Software Required 136
6 Input Thematic Layers 136
6.1 LULC 136
6.2 Road Network 136
6.3 Drainage Network 136
6.4 Digital Elevation Model 138
7 Proximity Zones 138
8 Rainfall Design 138
8.1 Probability of Rainfall and Return Period 138
9 Results and Discussions 140
9.1 Wasteland Extraction 140
9.2 Integrating Input Data 140
10 NRM Activities—Check Dams 142
10.1 Estimating Peak Rate of Run off 142
10.2 Input Thematic Maps 143
11 Farm Ponds 143
11.1 Direction of Water Flow 145
12 Horticulture 146
12.1 Weighted Overlay 147
13 Conclusions 147
Acknowledgements 148
References 148
14 Dynamic Changes of Plantations in the Selected Watershed Project Areas of Andhra Pradesh Using Bhuvan Geo-Information 149
Abstract 149
1 Introduction 150
2 Data and Software Packages 150
2.1 Study Area 151
3 The Hybrid Method 152
3.1 Change Analysis Through Bhuvan Geo Information 152
3.2 Change Analysis Through Image Processing Techniques 152
3.3 Image Differencing 155
4 Results and Discussions 156
5 Conclusions 160
References 160
15 Role of Remote Sensing System for Disaster Area Response 161
Abstract 161
1 Introduction 162
2 Disaster Management 163
3 Remote Sensing and GIS Tools 164
4 Conclusions 166
References 167
16 Integration of Multiple Technologies in Web Environment for Developing an Efficient Framework for Emergency Management 168
Abstract 168
1 Introduction 169
2 Design Objectives and Multi-disciplinary Technologies for Emergency Management 170
2.1 Design Objective 170
2.2 Multi-disciplinary Technologies for Emergency Management 171
2.2.1 Remote Sensing 171
2.2.2 Geographic Information System 171
2.2.3 Mobile Technology and Global Positioning System 172
2.2.4 Web Technologies 172
3 Methodology 173
4 Application Case Study 175
4.1 Situation Assessment Module 175
4.2 Spatial Online Map Viewer 175
4.3 Disaster Incident Reporting 176
4.4 Decision Support Tools 177
4.5 Communication Module 179
5 Conclusion 180
Acknowledgements 180
References 180
17 Assessment of Soil Erosion in Upper Tungabhadra Sub basin by Using Universal Soil Loss Equation and Geospatial Techniques 181
Abstract 181
1 Introduction 182
2 Area of Study 183
3 Methodology 186
4 Experimental Investigations 186
5 Results and Discussions 193
6 Conclusions 194
References 195
18 Hydrological Viability Analysis for Minor Irrigation Tanks—A Spatial Approach 196
Abstract 196
1 Introduction 196
2 Study Area 197
3 Data and Methodology 199
4 Drainage 199
5 Land Use/Land Cover 200
6 Surface Runoff Estimation 201
7 Results and Discussion 202
8 Conclusions 204
References 204
19 Applications of RS and GIS Techniques for Disaster Studies in East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India 205
Abstract 205
1 Introduction and Literature 206
2 Study Area 207
3 Objectives 208
4 Data Used and Methodology 208
5 Results and Discussion 209
5.1 Land Use/Land Cover Classification System 209
5.2 Geology and Geomorphology 210
5.3 Shoreline Change Analysis 213
5.4 Risk Zone Analysis of Cyclone and Flood 214
6 Conclusions 215
Acknowledgements 219
References 219
20 A Study on the Utility and Geochemistry of Groundwater in Ponneri Taluk of Thiruvallur District, Tamilnadu 221
Abstract 221
1 Introduction 222
2 Study Area 222
3 Methodology 223
4 Results and Discussions 224
4.1 Spatial Distribution of Electrical Conductivity 224
4.2 Drinking Water Quality Index 225
4.3 Classification for Agriculture Purpose (Irrigation Quality) 228
4.3.1 Sodium Adsorption Ratio and Sodium Percentage 228
4.3.2 Residual Sodium Carbonate 228
4.3.3 Permeability Index 229
4.4 Hydrogeochemical Processes 230
5 Conclusion 231
References 231
21 Assessing the Spatial Patterns of Geotagged MGNREGA Assets on Bhuvan Using GIS Based Analysis 233
Abstract 233
1 Introduction 234
2 Study Area 234
3 Methodology 235
4 Results 236
4.1 Sectorwise Assets Created and Geotagged in West Godavari 236
4.2 Grid Based Analysis of Understanding the Spread of Completed Assets Geotagged in West Godavari District 236
4.3 Analysis of Internal Match of Work Code Contents to Asset Identity 238
4.4 Hotspot Mapping Techniques 238
4.4.1 Hotspot Analysis 242
4.4.2 Grid Thematic Mapping 243
4.4.3 Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) 244
4.5 Proximity Analysis 244
4.5.1 Distribution of Assets with Maximum Vicinity from LULC 245
4.5.2 Distribution of Assets Within 50 m from LULC 245
4.5.3 Distribution of Assets from Landcover Categories 246
5 Conclusion 247
References 247
22 Detection of Landslide Using High Resolution Satellite Data and Analysis Using Entropy 248
Abstract 248
1 Introduction 249
2 Study Area and Data Sets 249
3 Methodology 249
4 Rule Set for Landslide Detection (eCognition) 250
5 Entropy Analysis and Accuracy Assessment 252
5.1 Shannon’s Entropy 253
5.2 Renyi’s Entropy 253
5.3 Tsallis Entropy 253
6 Results and Discussion 254
References 255
23 Determination of Surface Water Infiltration on Newly Developed Pervious Concrete Surface on Sandy Loamy Soil of Visakhapatnam and Surrounding Areas by Using Remote Sensing and GIS Technology 256
Abstract 256
1 Introduction 257
2 Study Area 257
2.1 Data Used 261
2.2 Experimental Approach 262
3 Results 264
4 Conclusions 267
References 267
24 Integrated Approach for Local Level Drought Assessment and Risk Reduction 269
Abstract 269
1 Introduction 270
2 Study Area 271
3 Data Used 272
3.1 Satellite Data 272
3.2 Rainfall and Dry Spell Data 272
4 Materials and Methods 272
4.1 Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) 272
4.2 Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) 273
4.3 Vegetation Index 273
4.4 Surface Wetness Index 274
4.5 Vegetation and Wetness Indices Deviation 274
5 Results and Discussion 275
5.1 Meteorological Drought Analysis 275
5.2 Agricultural Drought Analysis 277
5.3 Integrated Criteria for Drought Assessment 279
6 Conclusions 281
References 282
25 Temperature and Vegetation Indices Based Surface Soil Moisture Estimation: A Remote Sensing Data Approach 284
Abstract 284
1 Introduction 285
2 Study Area and Data Source 286
3 Methodology 286
3.1 Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) 287
3.2 Land Surface Temperature (LST) 287
3.3 Soil Moisture Index 288
4 Results and Discussion 289
5 Conclusion 291
References 291
26 Runoff Estimation by Using Optimized Hydrological Parameters with Special Reference to Semi-arid Agriculture Watershed 293
Abstract 293
1 Introduction 294
2 Study Area and Significance 295
3 Data Used 296
3.1 Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 296
3.2 Land Use Map 297
3.3 Soil Map and Database 297
3.4 Weather Database 299
4 Model Description 299
5 Sensitivity Analysis 300
6 Model Performance 301
7 Results and Discussion 302
8 Conclusions 308
References 309
27 Automatic Landing Site Detection for UAV Using Supervised Classification 311
Abstract 311
1 Introduction 311
2 System Working 312
2.1 Rule Based Classification 312
2.2 Support Vector Machines 313
2.3 K Nearest Neighbor Classifier 313
3 Results 313
3.1 Rule Based Classification Results 313
3.2 Supervised Learning Classification Results 313
4 Conclusion 318
References 318
28 Evaluation of Risk Potential of Industries and Natural Hazards in the Wards of Hyderabad, India–AHP Multi-criteria Modeling Perspective Using Remote Sensing and GIS 319
Abstract 319
1 Introduction 320
2 About the Study Area 321
3 Methodology for Evaluating and Mapping the Risk Potential 321
4 Results 322
4.1 GIS-AHP Multi-criteria Analysis 323
4.2 Industrial Risk 323
4.2.1 Risk Due to Chemical Industries 324
4.2.2 Risk Due to Manufacturing Industries 325
4.2.3 Risk Due to Mining Industry 325
4.3 Natural Hazard Risk 326
4.3.1 Risk Due to Earthquakes 326
4.3.2 Risk Due to Cyclones 327
4.3.3 Risk Due to Floods 327
5 Discussion 327
5.1 Industrial Risk Index 328
5.2 Natural Hazard Risk Index 328
6 Conclusions 331
References 331
29 A Review on Role of Telemedicine in Disaster Management: A Pharmacist Perspective 333
Abstract 333
1 Introduction 334
2 The Telemedicine 334
2.1 Base Unit 335
2.2 Telemedicine Services 335
3 Importance of Telemedicine in Disasters 335
4 Issues and Challenges 337
5 Conclusions 337
References 337
30 Geospatial Flood Risk Mapping and Analysis Tool 338
Abstract 338
1 Introduction 339
2 Materials and Methods 340
3 Result 341
4 Conclusions 344
References 345
31 Soil Erosion Assessment of Hilly Terrain of Paderu Using USLE and GIS 347
Abstract 347
1 Introduction 347
2 Materials and Methods 348
2.1 Estimation of Annual Soil Loss (A) 349
2.1.1 Rainfall-Runoff Erosivity Factor 350
2.1.2 Soil Erodibility Factor (K) 350
2.1.3 Topographic Factor (LS) 350
2.1.4 Crop Management Factor 351
2.1.5 Supporting Conservation Practice Factor (P) 351
3 Results and Discussions 351
4 Conclusion 356
References 356
32 Impact of Climate Change on Tropical Cyclones Frequency and Intensity on Indian Coasts 359
Abstract 359
1 Introduction 360
2 Decadal Frequency Analysis of Tropical Disturbances 361
3 Intensity Analysis of CS and SCS 361
4 The Influence of Climate Change on Tropical Cyclones 364
5 Conclusions 364
References 365
33 Study of Loss of Contact for Rectangular Footings Resting on Soil 366
Abstract 366
1 Introduction 367
1.1 Brief Description of Terms and Parameters Used in the Paper 367
2 Literature Review 368
3 Methodology 369
4 Results and Discussions 370
5 Conclusions 374
References 375
34 Geospatial Technologies as an Aid to Decision Support System for Assessment of Urban Floods in GHMC Areas of Hyderabad 376
Abstract 376
1 Introduction and Background 377
2 Study Area 377
3 Aim and Objective 378
4 Methodology 379
5 Remote Sensing and GIS Layers 380
5.1 Base Map 380
5.2 Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 381
5.3 Micro Watersheds Map 381
5.4 Existing Nalas Map 381
5.5 Cadastral/Town Survey Maps 383
6 Results and Discussion 383
7 Conclusion 384
Acknowledgements 384
References 384
35 Towards Resilient Transportation Systems for Effective Cyclone Management—City of Visakhapatnam 385
Abstract 385
1 Introduction 386
2 Focus of the Study 387
3 Conceptualising Resilience and its framework of measurment. 389
3.1 Transportation Systems and Resilience—The Construction of a Framework 391
4 Case Study—City of Visakhapatnam 394
4.1 Demonstrating the Framework 395
5 Conclusion 398
References 399
36 Application of GIS and Remote Sensing Technique in Drainage Network Analysis: A Case Study of Naina–Gorma Basin of Rewa District, M.P., India 401
Abstract 401
1 Introduction 402
2 Study Area 403
3 Methodology and Data Set 405
4 Result and Discussion 406
5 Mapping of Linear Aspects 407
6 Areal Aspects of the Drainage Basin 408
7 Conclusion 408
References 409
37 Impact of Land Use/Land Cover and Mangrove Degradation on Coastal Erosion in Godavari Delta Region, Andhra Pradesh—A Geospatial Approach 410
Abstract 410
1 Introduction 411
2 Study Area 411
3 Methodology 412
4 Land Use/Land Cover 413
5 Mangrove Forest Role in Coastal Erosion 416
6 Field Observations 416
7 Results and Discussion 417
References 418
38 A Geospatial Approach to Assess the Liquefaction Vulnerability of Kutch District, Gujarat—A Case Study 419
Abstract 419
1 Introduction 420
2 Study Area 420
3 Data and Softwares Used 421
4 Methodology 422
4.1 Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI) 422
4.2 Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) 422
4.3 Seismicity Mapping 423
4.4 Soil and Hydrology Mapping 423
4.5 Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) 424
4.6 Weighted Overlay/Multi-criteria Analysis 424
5 Results and Discussion 425
6 Conclusions 432
References 432
39 A Study on Assessment of Pollution in Godavari Estuary East Coast of India by Using Trace Metals Concentration in the Sediments 434
Abstract 434
1 Introduction 435
2 Geology of the Godavari Drainage Basin 435
3 Physiography of the Study Area 436
4 Geomorphology of Godavari Basin 436
5 Station Locations and Characteristics 437
6 Sampling Procedure and Materials 438
7 Sediment Analysis 438
7.1 Determination of Metals in the Sediments 438
8 Textural Characters of Sediments 439
9 Sediment Organic Carbon 440
10 Trace Metals in Sediments 441
11 Metal Enrichment in Sediments 443
12 Geochemical Normalization and Enrichment Factors (EF) 445
13 Inter-relationships Among Texture and Trace Metals 445
14 Summary and Conclusion 446
References 447
40 Preliminary Analysis of Flood Disaster 2017 in Bihar and Mitigation Measures 449
Abstract 449
1 Background 449
2 Methodology 450
3 Analysis 450
4 Embankments and Floods 453
5 Field Visit of CDMS 453
6 Mitigation Measures 455
7 Discussion 457
8 Conclusion 457
References 458
41 A Spatial Disaster Management Framework for Smart Cities—A Case Study of Amaravati City—Flood Management 459
Abstract 459
1 Introduction 460
1.1 Disaster Management 460
1.2 Smart City 460
1.3 Integration of Disaster Management into Smart City 460
1.3.1 Integration of Disaster Management Techniques to an Existing City 461
1.3.2 Integration of Disaster Management Techniques to New City 461
2 Geographic Information Systems Framework 461
2.1 Spatial Data for Disaster Management 461
2.2 Spatial Attributes and Service Layers for a Disaster 461
3 Disaster Management of Smart City Using Geo-spatial Tools 462
3.1 Flood Risk Management in Amaravati City 462
3.1.1 Prevent: Reinforce and Realign the Existing the Krishna River Bund 462
3.1.2 Control: Detain Storm Water 463
3.1.3 Control: Detain Storm Water Externally 463
3.1.4 Conserve: Create Raw Water Storage Using Reservoirs 463
3.1.5 Buffer: Provide an Extensive Green and Blue Drainage Network Using Canals 463
3.1.6 Dispose: Discharge Excess Water into Krishna River 464
3.1.7 Protect: Raising of Platform Levels 464
4 Conclusion 465
Acknowledgements 465
References 465
42 Study on Drought Monitoring Based on Spectral Indices in Noyyal River Sub-watershed Using Landsat-8 Imageries 466
Abstract 466
1 Introduction 467
2 Literature Review 467
3 Study Area 468
4 Materials and Methods 468
5 Results and Discussions 470
5.1 Statistical Analysis 473
6 Conclusions 474
References 475
43 Vibration Measurement of a Steel Bridge Using Smart Sensors: Deployment and Evaluation 476
Abstract 476
1 Introduction 477
2 Literature Review 477
3 Methodology 478
3.1 Proposed System 478
3.2 Sensors 479
3.2.1 Force Sensor 479
3.2.2 Vibration Sensor 479
4 Results and Discussions 480
4.1 Ansys 480
4.2 Abaqus 482
4.3 Experimental Values 483
5 Conclusion 483
References 484
44 Space Technology Based Disaster Management and Its Societal Implications 485
Abstract 485
1 Introduction 486
2 Space Based Disaster Management: ISRO’s Initiatives 487
3 Societal Implications of ISRO’s Disaster Management Initiatives 491
4 Conclusion 492
Acknowledgements 493
References 493
45 Integrated Methodology for Delineation of Salt-Water and Fresh Water Interface Between Kolleru Lake and Bay of Bengal Coast, Andhra Pradesh, India 494
Abstract 494
1 Introduction 495
2 Study Area 495
3 Geomorphology 496
4 Hydrogeology 496
5 Integration of Chemical Data 497
6 Resistivity Survey 499
7 Integration 500
8 Conclusion 503
Acknowledgements 503
References 503
46 Identification of Landslide Hazard Zones Along the Bheemili Beach Road, Visakhapatnam District, A.P. 505
Abstract 505
1 Introduction 506
2 Study Area 507
3 Methodology 508
4 Results and Discussions 510
4.1 GIS Analysis 510
4.2 Integration of Results 511
5 Conclusions and Future Scope 512
References 512
47 GIS Science for Monitoring of the Health & Emergency Services During Disaster in Tribal Area, East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract 513
1 Introduction 514
2 Study Area 514
3 Methodology 514
4 Component of GIS 516
5 Analysis 517
6 Output and Results 518
7 Conclusion 521
8 Recommendations 522
References 522
48 Inventory and Monitoring of Glacial Lakes in Himalayan Region Using Geo Spatial Technologies 524
Abstract 524
1 Introduction 525
1.1 Remote Sensing and Implication on Glacier Studies 526
2 Case Study 527
2.1 Study Area and Data Used 528
2.2 Methodology 529
2.3 Results and Discussion 530
3 Conclusions 538
References 539
49 Geospatial Study on Landslide Vulnerability Mapping in the Environs of Araku Valley, Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh 540
Abstract 540
1 Introduction 541
2 Study Area 541
3 Thematic Layers 543
3.1 Drainage and Lineaments 543
3.2 Soils 544
3.3 Geological Setup 544
3.4 Geomorphology 545
3.5 Land Use/Land Cover and Slope 545
4 GIS Analysis 546
5 Landslide Vulnerability Index 547
6 Results 548
References 548
50 Assessment of Coastal Erosion Along the Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh State Using Satellite Data of 1990–2000 and 2000–2016 Time Frames 550
Abstract 550
1 Introduction 551
2 Study Area 551
3 Materials and Methods 551
4 Results 552
5 Conclusion 556
Acknowledgements 557
References 557
51 Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using GIS-Based Likelihood Frequency Ratio Model: A Case Study of Pakyong—Pacheykhani Area, Sikkim Himalaya 558
Abstract 558
1 Introduction 559
2 Aims and Objectives 559
3 Study Area 559
4 Methodology 560
5 Data Preparation and Analysis 561
6 Results and Conclusion 573
7 Conclusion 575
References 575
52 Demarcating of Aquifer Zones with Geophysical and Geospatial Approach in South Western parts of Rangareddy District, Telangana State, India 576
Abstract 576
1 Introduction 577
2 Location of the Study Area 577
3 Geological Background 578
4 Geomorphologic Units 579
4.1 Lineament Density Map 579
5 Geophysical Survey 579
6 Results, Discussion and Interpretation 580
7 Conclusion 585
8 Ground Water Prospect Map 585
Acknowledgements 586
References 586
53 Estimating Aquifer Characteristics by Conducting Pumping Tests: A GIS and Remote Sensing Approach in South Western Part of Mahbubnagar District, Telangana State, India 588
Abstract 588
1 Introduction 589
2 Location of the Study Area 589
3 Geology of the Study Area 590
4 Methodology 590
5 Results and Discussion 592
5.1 Step Drawdown Test 592
5.2 Residual Drawdown for Step Drawdown Test 595
5.3 Aquifer Performance Test 597
6 Conclusion 600
References 601
54 Integrative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Using Wireless Networks 602
Abstract 602
1 Introduction 603
2 Background 603
3 Related Work 605
4 Proposed Work 606
4.1 Spectrum Sensing Techniques 606
5 Conclusions 609
References 610
55 A Geospatial Study on Solid Waste Management for the Visakhapatnam Smart City 613
Abstract 613
1 Introduction 614
2 Study Area 614
3 Methodology 616
4 Results 616
5 Conclusions 621
References 622
56 Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using AHP Along Mechuka Valley, Arunachal Pradesh, India 623
Abstract 623
1 Introduction 624
2 Study Area 625
3 Causative Factors Layer Preperation 625
3.1 Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 626
3.2 Slope 627
3.3 Aspect Map 627
3.4 Lineaments 629
3.5 Drainage Map 630
3.6 Land Use/Land Cover 630
3.7 Soil Erosion Map 632
3.8 Geomorphology Map 632
3.9 Road Network Map 633
3.10 Stream Power Index 633
3.11 Topographic Wetness Index 635
4 Methodology 636
5 Result 636
6 Conclusion 637
References 638
57 Geo Spatial Study on Fire Risk Assessment in Kambalakonda Reserved Forest, Visakhapatnam, India: A Clustering Approach 640
Abstract 640
1 Introduction 641
2 Materials and Methods 642
2.1 Study Area 642
2.2 Forest Fire Geo-Database 642
2.3 Space-Time Image Statistics Change 644
3 Results 646
4 Conclusions 647
Acknowledgements 647
References 647
58 Signatures of Last Glacial Cycle and Tectonics Along Gopalpur-Konark Coastal Tract, Odisha 649
Abstract 649
1 Introduction 649
2 Objective and Area of Study 650
3 Last Glacial Cycle, Continental Shelf and Mahanadi Delta 651
4 High Sea Stands 655
5 Shoreline Changes, Erosion and Accretion in Recent Times 655
6 Factors Contributing to Changes Along the Shoreline 656
7 Conclusion 657
References 657
59 A Geospatial Study on Emergency Response Management System to Combat Fire Accidents—A Case Study of Chennai, Tamil Nadu 659
Abstract 659
1 Introduction 660
2 Study Area 660
3 GIS Network Analysis for Optimal Path 662
4 Impedance Factors 662
5 Methodology 663
6 Results 663
7 Conclusion 667
References 667
60 Road Network for Disaster Guide in Rural Area, East Godavari District, AP, India—A Case Study of Spatial Approach 669
Abstract 669
1 Introduction 670
2 Study Area 670
3 Methodology 671
3.1 How GIS Works 672
3.2 Network Analysis 672
3.3 Stop Properties 673
4 Analysis 673
4.1 Network Analyst Layers 673
4.2 Applying 674
4.3 Customized GIS Application 675
5 Conclusion and Proposals 675
References 677
61 Public Health Emergencies During Disasters—A Strategic Response 678
Abstract 678
1 Introduction 678
2 Public Health Emergency and Information Dissemination 680
2.1 Contingency Distribution Network 680
2.2 Local Community/Neighborhood Approach 680
2.3 Immediate Coordinated Response to Disaster Situation 681
2.4 Relief in Temporary Shelters 681
2.5 Dealing with Epidemics in the Aftermath of Floods 681
2.6 Restoration of Normalcy 682
2.7 Emotional Support 682
3 Conclusions 682
References 683
62 Integrated Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Maize Crop in North Coastal Region of Andhra Pradesh, India 684
Abstract 684
1 Introduction 685
2 Materials and Methods 685
3 Results 687
4 Discussions 688
5 Conclusions 690
References 690
63 Comparison of Tsunami Arrival Times Using GIS Methods: A Case Study in the Makran Subduction Zone, West Coast of India 691
Abstract 691
1 Introduction 692
1.1 Application of GIS Technology in Tsunami Evacuation 693
2 Study Area 693
3 Materials and Methods 694
3.1 Datasets Used for the Study 694
3.2 Methodology: GIS Techniques 695
3.2.1 CON (Conditional Tool Method (Conditional Tool Method) 696
3.2.2 Profile Method 697
3.2.3 Contour Line Method 697
3.3 Tsunami Modeling 697
3.3.1 TUNAMI N2 Model 698
3.4 Case Study of 1945 Makran Tsunamigenic Earthquake 698
4 Conclusions 700
References 700
64 Study on Sustainable Management of Groundwater Resources in Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation, Visakhapatnam District, India—A Hydro Informatics Approach 702
Abstract 702
1 Introduction 703
2 Related Works 703
3 Hydro Spatial Analysis Information System (HAIS) 704
3.1 System Design 704
3.2 Algorithms of Modules 704
3.2.1 Algorithm for Create Database, Tables and Load ShapeFile, Raster Data into SQL Server 704
3.2.2 Algorithm for Display Images and Maps on User Interface Screen 705
3.2.3 Algorithm for Groundwater Estimation 706
4 Simulation and Results Analysis 706
4.1 Comparative Study on Groundwater Sources Tools Memory Sizes 708
5 Conclusions and Future Scope 710
References 710
65 Disaster Management Emergency Responsive Mechanism Using GIS and Networking with Android Technology 712
Abstract 712
1 Introduction 713
2 Different Types of Emergencies Post Disasters 714
3 Methodology 715
4 Current Emergency Services Trends in India 715
5 GIS Application in Emergency Services 717
6 Software Approach to Emergency Services 717
7 Analysis using Android Technology 718
8 Results 720
9 Conclusion 720
10 Proposals 721
References 721
66 Impact of Water Conservation Structures on Hydrology of a Watershed for Rural Development 722
Abstract 722
1 Introduction 723
2 Study Area 724
3 Materials and Methods 724
3.1 Land Use Database 725
3.2 Soil Database 725
3.3 Weather Database 725
3.4 SWAT Project 726
4 Results and Discussion 728
5 Conclusion 732
References 733
67 A Geospatial Study on Visakhapatnam Smart City Based on Hydrogeochemistry Analysis 734
Abstract 734
1 Introduction 735
2 Study Area 735
3 Methodology 736
4 Results 737
5 Conclusions 738
References 738
68 Remote Sensing and GIS Approach for Planning and Analysis of Storm Water Drainage System 740
Abstract 740
1 Introduction 740
2 Methodology 741
3 Conclusions 743
References 743
69 Classifications of SAR Images Using Sparse Coding 744
Abstract 744
1 Introduction 745
2 Literature Review 745
3 Study of Area 746
4 Proposed Method 746
4.1 Sparse Code (SC) 746
4.2 Dictionary Training of Multisize Patch Using SC 748
4.3 Influence of Thresholds 750
5 Results and Discussion 751
6 Conclusion 751
References 751
70 A Case Study on Soil Erosion and Risk Assessment in Thandava Reservoir Catchment, Visakhapatnam District, A.P.—A Geo-spatial Approach 753
Abstract 753
1 Introduction 754
2 Study Area 754
3 Objectives 754
4 Methodology 756
5 Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) Calculation 756
6 Results and Conclusion 757
References 759
71 Spatial Distribution of Groundwater Quality Parameters in Amaravathi Region—A GIS and Remote Sensing Approach 761
Abstract 761
1 Introduction 762
2 Materials and Methods 762
2.1 Ground Water Sample Collection and Analysis 763
3 Preparation of Water Quality Maps 765
3.1 Coordinate Reference System 765
3.2 Collection of Coordinate Points 766
4 Maps of Various Properties in pH 766
5 Sulphates Content in Considered Area 767
6 Chlorides Content in Considered Area 768
7 Total Hardness Content in Considered Area 769
8 Total Dissolved Solids Distribution Map 770
9 Map Representing the Sodium Content 770
10 Map Representing the Calcium Content in the Area Considered 771
11 Carbonate Hardness Distribution Map 773
12 Results and Conclusions 774
References 775
72 An Integrated Study on the Status of Surface Water Bodies in GVMC Area Using Geo-Spatial Technologies 776
Abstract 776
1 Introduction 777
2 Study Area 777
3 Methodology 778
4 Categorization of Water Bodies 778
4.1 Tanks Completely Encroached Between 1976 and 2013 779
4.2 Tanks Under Threat 781
4.3 Tanks that Are Unaffected 782
5 Results and Conclusions 783
6 Protection Measures to Be Taken up by GVMC 783
References 784
73 Morphometric Analysis and Characterization for Sub-watershed Delineation in Gomukhi River Basin of Villupuram District, Tamilnadu Using GIS 785
Abstract 785
1 Introduction 786
2 Study Area 786
3 Methodology 787
4 Results and Discussion 788
5 Conclusions 794
References 795
74 Restoration of Ecological Balance Through Regression Analysis in Kothapally Agricultural Fields 796
Abstract 796
1 Introduction 797
1.1 Identification of Problem of Kothapally Agriculture Field 798
1.2 Objectives of the Study 798
2 Study Area 799
3 Methodology 799
3.1 Regression Model 800
3.2 Coefficient of Determination (R2) 801
4 Results and Discussions 802
4.1 Kothapally Agriculture Field Average Slope 802
4.2 Drainage Density 802
4.3 Based on the Results the Overall Analysis of Total Rainfall 803
4.3.1 Based on the Overall Analysis of Total Runoff 803
4.3.2 Regression Analysis Between Monthly Rainfall and Estimated Monthly Runoff for the Year 2016 804
4.3.3 The Overall Regression Analysis of Rainfall and Runoff from the Year 2006–2016 804
4.3.4 Comparison of Correlation Coefficient and Coefficient of Determination Values from the Year 2006–2016 808
5 Conclusions 808
References 809
75 Intelligent Object Tracking in River Floods, Andhra Pradesh, India Using MOTSC Approach 810
Abstract 810
1 Introduction 811
2 Related Works 812
3 Motion Object Tracking with Spatial Coordinates Algorithm (MOTSC) 813
3.1 The Object Tracking KLF Algorithm 813
3.2 Object Spatial Coordinate Identification (OSCI) Algorithm 814
3.3 The MOTSC Algorithm 815
4 Simulations and Results 815
4.1 Simulation of Object Tracks Through KLF Algorithm 815
4.2 Simulation of the OSCI Algorithm 817
4.2.1 Simulation of the Shape File Acquisition Using El-ShayalSmart 817
4.2.2 Simulation of the Geo-Referencing Using Maltab’s Mapviewer 817
4.2.3 Results of MOTSC Algorithm 817
5 Conclusions and Future Scope 818
References 818
76 Identification of Landslide Hazard Zones in Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation, Andhra Pradesh, India—A Geospatial Approach 820
Abstract 820
1 Introduction-Landslides 821
2 Study Area 821
3 Data Used 823
4 Results 823
4.1 Drainage and Lineament Density 823
4.2 Geology 824
4.3 Geomorphology 824
4.4 Land Use/Land Cover 825
4.5 Digital Elevation Model 826
4.6 Landslide Hazard Zones 826
4.7 Remedial Measures 827
5 Conclusions and Discussion 828
References 828
77 Flood Inundation Simulation of Mahanadi River, Odisha During September 2008 by Using HEC-RAS 2D Model 830
Abstract 830
1 Introduction 831
2 Study Area 832
3 Data Used 833
4 Methodology 833
5 Results and Discussion 837
6 Sensitivity Analysis 840
7 Conclusion 841
Acknowledgements 841
References 842
78 Distribution of Seasonal Snow Cover Mapping Using Satellite Data in Sutlej Basin 843
Abstract 843
1 Introduction 844
2 Study Area and Data Used 844
3 Methodology 845
4 Analysis and Results 847
5 Conclusions 850
References 851