Residual Stress, Thermomechanics & Infrared Imaging, Hybrid Techniques and Inverse Problems, Volume 9 (eBook)

Simon Quinn – University of Southampton, UK; Xavier Balandraud - Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut Pascal, Sigma Clermont, France

Preface 6
Contents 8
Chapter 1: Fatigue Behaviour of Stainless Steels: A Multi-parametric Approach 10
1.1 Introduction 10
1.2 Theoretical Framework 11
1.3 Experimental Setup 11
1.4 Results 12
1.5 Discussion 15
1.6 Conclusions 17
References 17
Chapter 2: Measurement of Mechanical Dissipation in SMAs by Infrared Thermography 18
2.1 Introduction 18
2.2 Experimental Conditions and Processing 18
2.3 Preliminary Tests 20
2.4 Results 21
2.5 Conclusion 23
References 23
Chapter 3: The Effect of Microstructure on Energy Dissipation in 316L Stainless Steel 24
3.1 Introduction 24
3.2 Energy Dissipation 24
3.3 Experimental Work 25
3.4 Data Processing, Detection Threshold, and Preliminary Result 25
3.5 Conclusion and Future Work 28
References 28
Chapter 4: Large Area Nondestructive Evaluation of a Fatigue Loaded Composite Structure 29
4.1 Introduction 29
4.2 Sample 30
4.3 Inspection Systems 31
4.4 Measurement Results 32
4.5 Mapping Acoustic Emission Events onto Thermal Imagery 33
4.6 Conclusions 35
References 36
Chapter 5: Sensitivity Analysis of Hybrid Thermoelastic Techniques 37
5.1 Introduction to Hybrid-TSA 37
5.2 Airy Stress Function 38
5.3 Numerical Experiment 38
5.3.1 Effect of the Number of TSA Points, m 40
5.3.2 Number of Airy Coefficients, k 41
5.3.3 Effect of Noise 42
5.4 Conclusion and Future Work 42
References 44
Chapter 6: Determining Stress Intensity Factors Using Hybrid Thermoelastic Analysis 45
6.1 Introduction 45
6.2 Description of the SIF Calculation Algorithm 46
6.3 Algorithm Inputs 46
6.4 Crack Tip Position Estimation and Point Coordinates Assignment 47
6.5 Model Validity Limits Verification 49
6.6 Error Function Construction and Minimization 49
6.7 SIF Calculation and Real Crack Tip Location 50
6.8 Description of the Equipment 50
6.9 Specimen 51
6.10 Results 51
6.11 Conclusions 53
References 53
Chapter 7: Stress Analysis of a Finite Orthotropic Plate Containing an Elliptical Hole from Recorded Temperature Data 54
7.1 Introduction 54
7.2 Experimental Details 55
7.3 Relevant Equations 56
7.4 Finite Element Analysis 60
7.5 Results 60
7.6 Summary, Discussion and Conclusions 62
References 63
Chapter 8: Using TSA to Identify Regions Having Developed Plastic Strain during Welding 64
8.1 Introduction 64
8.2 Methodology 65
8.3 Results and Discussion 67
8.4 Conclusions and Future Work 68
References 68
Chapter 9: Finite Element Modelling of a Series of Austenitic Stainless Steel 316L Weldments to Inform Thermoelastic Stress An... 69
9.1 Introduction 69
9.2 Methodology 70
9.3 Illustration Case: Mock-Up A 71
9.4 Results and Discussion 72
9.5 Conclusions and Future Work 74
References 74
Chapter 10: Residual Stress Measurement of Full-Scale Jet-Engine Bearing Elements Using the Contour Method 75
10.1 Introduction 75
10.1.1 Residual Stresses and Roller Bearings 75
10.1.2 Bearing Residual Stress Measurements with the Contour Method 77
10.2 Purpose 79
10.3 Methods 79
10.3.1 Experimental 79
10.3.2 Particulars of the Cut Plan and Reasoning 79
10.3.3 Finite Element Modeling 80
10.4 Results and Discussion 81
10.4.1 Strains from the Bending Moment Release Cut 81
10.4.2 Results for the Measured Contours 81
10.4.3 Residual Stresses 83
10.5 Conclusions and Future Plans 84
References 85
Chapter 11: ESPI Hole-Drilling of Rings and Holes Using Cylindrical Hole Analysis 88
11.1 Background 88
11.2 Experimental 88
11.3 Results 89
11.4 Discussion 90
11.5 Conclusions 93
References 94
Chapter 12: Preliminary Study on Residual Stress in FDM Parts 95
12.1 Introduction 95
12.2 Material and Methods 96
12.3 Results and Discussions 97
12.4 Conclusion 97
References 100
Chapter 13: Predicting Residual Stress on X-ray Tomographed Complex Bi-Layer Geometries using 3D Finite Element Analysis 101
13.1 Introduction 101
13.2 Materials and Methods 102
13.3 Results and Discussion 102
13.3.1 Non Uniform Thickness Measurement From Micro-X-ray Tomography 102
13.3.2 FE Model Development From Micro-Computed Tomography 104
13.4 Conclusions 106
References 106
Chapter 14: Combining Hole-Drilling and Ring-Core Techniques 108
14.1 Introduction 108
14.2 Calibration Coefficients 110
14.3 Numerical Tests 112
14.3.1 Reference Data Generation 112
14.3.2 Results 113
14.4 Conclusions 114
References 115
Chapter 15: A Low-Cost Residual Stress Measuring Instrument 116
15.1 Introduction 116
15.2 The Raspberry Pi Camera Module 118
15.3 Drilling the Hole 121
15.4 Conclusions 122
References 122
Chapter 16: Non-Destructive Internal Lattice Strain Measurement Using High Energy Synchrotron Radiation 123
16.1 Introduction 123
16.2 Background 123
16.3 Experiments 124
16.4 Results and Discussion 126
16.5 Conclusions 127
References 128
Chapter 17: Discussion on X-Ray and HDM Residual Stress Measurements 129
17.1 Introduction 129
17.2 Material and Methods 130
17.2.1 Hole Drilling Method 131
17.2.2 X-Ray Diffraction Method 132
17.3 Results 133
17.4 Conclusion 135
References 135
18: Reducing Full-Field Identification Cost by Using Quasi-Newton Methods 137
18.1 Introduction 137
18.2 Methods 137
18.3 Test Case 139
18.4 Discussion and Conclusions 141
References 142
19: Parameter Identification of Nonlinear Viscoelastic Material Model Using Finite Element-Based Inverse Analysis 143
19.1 Introduction 143
19.2 Experimental Details 144
19.2.1 Materials 144
19.2.2 Nanoindentation 144
19.2.3 Material Model 144
19.2.4 Finite Element Modeling 146
19.2.5 Design of Experiments for Sensitivity Analysis 147
19.2.6 POD-RBF Surrogate Model 147
19.2.7 Genetic Algorithm 148
19.3 Results and Discussion 148
19.3.1 Sensitivity Analysis 148
19.3.2 Surrogate Model Training and Inverse Analysis 149
19.4 Conclusion 151
References 151
20: Stiffness Heterogeneity of Multiply Paperboard Examined with VFM 153
20.1 Introduction 153
20.2 Material and Testing 154
20.3 Virtual Fields Method 154
20.4 Results and Discussion 157
20.5 Conclusion 160
References 160
Chapter 21: Rigid-Body Motion Tolerance for Industrial Helical CT Measurements of Logs 162
21.1 Introduction 162
21.2 Feature-Tailored Voxel CT Scanning 162
21.3 Log Motion Compensation 164
21.4 Synthetic Data Validation 167
21.5 Real Data Results and Discussion 168
21.6 Conclusion 173
References 174
Chapter 22: Development and Experimental Validation of Thermally Stable Unimorph SMP Actuators Incorporating Transverse Curvat... 175
22.1 Introduction 176
22.2 Fabrication Methods, Experimental Set-Ups, and Procedures 178
22.2.1 Materials and Specimen Fabrication 178
22.2.2 Digital Image Correlation and Experimental Set-up 179
22.2.3 Experimental Procedure 179
22.3 Theoretical Calculations 180
22.4 Experimental Results 183
22.5 Conclusion 185
References 187
Chapter 23: Identification of Constitutive Model Parameters in Hopkinson Bar Testsƒ 189
23.1 Introduction 189
23.2 Theoretical Background 190
23.3 Experimental Setup and Results 191
23.4 Finite Element Model Updating and/or Fitting by FEMU 194
23.5 Results and Discussion 195
23.6 Conclusion 197
References 198