Cloud Computing for Business -The Open Group Guide (eBook)

Preface 14
About The Open Group 23
Trademarks 24
Acknowledgements 25
Referenced documents 29
Chapter 1 What is cloud? 34
1.1 NIST definition of cloud computing 35
1.2 Essential characteristics 37
1.2.1 On-demand self-service 37
1.2.2 Broad network access 38
1.2.3 Resource pooling 39
1.2.4 Rapid elasticity 42
1.2.5 Measured service 43
1.3 Service models 44
1.3.1 Cloud infrastructure as a service (IaaS) 45
1.3.2 Cloud platform as a service (PaaS) 46
1.3.3 Cloud software as a service (SaaS) 47
1.4 Deployment models 48
1.4.1 Private cloud 48
1.4.2 Public cloud 49
1.4.3 Community cloud 49
1.4.4 Hybrid cloud 50
1.5 Extending the NIST model to business processes 51
1.6 Comparison with traditional environments 51
1.7 Providing and using cloud services 53
1.7.1 Providing cloud services 53
1.7.2 Providing added services 55
1.7.3 Developing added services 56
1.7.4 Using cloud services 58
1.8 The impact of cloud computing 60
1.8.1 New business paradigm 61
1.8.2 Cloud ecosystems 63
Chapter 2 Why cloud? 66
2.1 Agility 68
2.1.1 Changing business processes 68
2.1.2 Development and testing 69
2.1.3 Resource scaling 69
2.1.4 Reduced need for training 70
2.2 Productivity 71
2.2.1 Collaborative working 71
2.2.2 Shared logic 71
2.3 Quality 72
2.3.1 Better usage information 72
2.3.2 Better manageability 73
2.3.3 Better quality of IT provision 73
2.3.4 Better business continuity 74
2.3.5 Better carbon footprint 74
2.4 Cost 75
2.4.1 Server consolidation 75
2.4.2 Thin clients 77
2.4.3 Community cost sharing 77
2.4.4 Replacing CAPEX with OPEX 77
2.5 New business opportunities 78
2.5.1 Cloud service provision 78
2.5.2 Added service provision 79
Chapter 3 Establishing your cloud vision 80
3.1 Understanding the business context 81
3.1.1 Basic situation 81
3.1.2 Business goals 81
3.1.3 Risk-reward balance 81
3.1.4 Impact on products and services 83
3.1.5 Business processes 84
3.1.6 Scope and complexity 86
3.1.7 Collaboration versus information restriction 87
3.2 Three example cloud projects 88
3.2.1 Konsort-Prinz 88
3.2.2 Sam Pan Engineering 89
3.2.3 ViWi 90
3.3 Assessing cloud suitability – the cloud buyer’s decisiontree 90
3.3.1 Assessment considerations 91
3.3.2 Question 1: Is your business situation vertical? 92
3.3.3 Question 2: Are the processes differentiating? 93
3.3.4 Question 3: Are there impediments to outsourcing? 93
3.3.5 Question 4: Are there impediments to cloud adoption? 94
3.3.6 Question 5: Is the primary business driver cloud-compatible? 95
3.3.7 Question 6: Will the solution be a platform? 97
3.3.8 Question 7: Is the application insulated from changes to the businessprocess? 99
3.3.9 Question 8: Is the differentiation IT-based? 100
3.3.10 Question 9: Are the hardware, operating system, and application custommade? 101
3.3.11 Question 10: Are the hardware and operating system custom-made orspecialized? 101
3.4 The example project visions 102
3.4.1 Konsort-Prinz 103
3.4.2 Sam Pan Engineering 105
3.4.3 ViWi 106
Chapter 4 Buying cloud services 108
4.1 Determining fit 109
4.1.1 Workload and cost models 110
4.1.2 Workload factors 110
4.1.3 Workload allocations 111
4.1.4 Pay-as-you-go versus ownership 113
4.1.5 Modeling resources and costs 114
4.1.6 Example workload and cost models – Konsort-Prinz 115
4.1.7 Example workload and cost models – ViWi 116
4.1.8 Using the models 117
4.2 Establishing requirements 118
4.2.1 Service functionality 119
4.2.2 Back-up 120
4.2.3 Bulk data transfer 121
4.2.4 Supplier choice 121
4.2.5 Availability 122
4.2.6 Reliability 123
4.2.7 Recoverability 123
4.2.8 Responsiveness 124
4.2.9 Throughput 126
4.2.10 Configurability 126
4.2.11 Reporting 127
4.2.12 Fault management 127
4.2.13 End user access control 127
4.2.14 Provider access control 128
4.2.15 Resource partitioning 129
4.2.16 Logging 129
4.2.17 Threat management 129
4.2.18 Compliance with regulations 130
4.3 Selection 131
4.3.1 Exit strategy 131
4.3.2 Contract terms 133
4.3.3 Negotiation 134
4.3.4 Choosing the service 134
4.4 Monitoring 136
4.4.1 Workload and cost 136
4.4.2 Conformance to requirements 138
Chapter 5 Understanding cloud risk 142
5.1 Risk management 143
5.1.1 Risk assessment 143
5.1.2 Risk communication 144
5.2 Cloud mission risks 146
5.2.1 Financial 148
5.2.2 Organization and culture 148
5.2.3 Service integration 149
5.2.4 Compliance 151
5.2.5 Business continuity management 151
5.2.6 System quality 152
5.2.7 External service 153
5.3 System quality risk factors 155
5.3.1 Functionality 155
5.3.2 Performance 155
5.3.3 Manageability 157
5.3.4 Security 157
5.3.5 User satisfaction 158
5.4 Continuing risk assessment 158
5.4.1 Solution architecture development 159
5.4.2 Cloud service selection and procurement 161
5.4.3 Solution operation 162
Chapter 6 Building ROI from cloud computing 164
6.1 Productivity: more business with less IT 165
6.1.1 Resource utilization 166
6.1.2 Usage-based pricing 166
6.1.3 Specialization and scale 168
6.2 Speed: getting there more quickly 168
6.2.1 Time to deployment 168
6.2.2 Lifetime cost models 169
6.2.3 IT asset management 170
6.3 Size: breaking new ground 171
6.3.1 Entering new markets 171
6.3.2 High-value services 171
6.3.3 The long tail 172
6.3.4 Becoming a cloud provider 172
6.4 Quality: improved margin from better service 173
6.4.1 Competitive pressure 173
6.4.2 The importance of quality 174
6.5 Comparing ROI of cloud and traditional IT solutions 174
6.5.1 Basis of ROI calculations 175
6.5.2 Konsort-Prinz 176
6.5.3 Sam Pan Engineering 177
6.5.4 ViWi 178
6.6 Measuring and tracking ROI 180
6.6.1 Utilization 180
6.6.2 Time compression 181
6.6.3 Scale 181
6.6.4 Quality 181
6.6.5 Examples 182
6.6.6 Konsort-Prinz 182
6.6.7 Sam Pan Engineering 184
6.6.8 ViWi 186
Chapter 7 The challenge 188
Appendix A Cloud computing in use 192
A1 Cross-industry use-cases 193
A2 Financial services use-cases 197
A3 Government use-cases 200
A4 Telecommunications operator use-cases 204
A5 Media and entertainment use-cases 205
A6 Health services use-cases 206
A7 Pharmaceuticals use-cases 207
A8 Distribution use-cases 208
A9 Energy and utilities use-cases 209
A10 Higher education use-cases 210
A11 Use-case actors 211
A12 Use-case benefits 217
Appendix B Glossary 228
Index 244