Grossman's Cardiac Catheterization, Angiography and Intervention

Part I - General principles: historical perspective and present practice for cardiac catheterization; proper use of cineangiographic equipment and contrast agents; complications of cardiac catheterization; Part II - Basic techniques: percutaneous approach, including transseptal and apical puncture; brachial cutdown approach; diagnostic cardiac catheterization in infants and children; Part III - Haemodynamic principles: pressure measurement; blood flow measurement - the cardiac output and vascular resistance; shunt detection and quantification; calculation of stenotic valve orifice area. Part IV - Angiographic techniques: coronary angiography; cardiac ventriculography; pulmonary angiography; angiography of the aorta and peripheral arteries. Part V - Evaluation of cardiac function: stress testing during cardiac catheterization - exercise and pacing tachycardia; measurement of ventricular volumes, ejection fraction, mass, wall stress, and regional wall motion; evaluation of systolic and diastolic function of the ventricles and myocardium. Part VI - Special catheter techniques: evaluation of myocardial blood flow and metabolism; intravascular ultrasound; endomyocardial biopsy; intraaortic balloon counterpulsation and other circulatory assist devices; implantable devices for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia. Part VII - Interventional techniques: coronary angioplasty; coronary atherectomy, atheroablation, and thrombectomy; coronary stenting; balloon valvuloplasty; peripheral intervention; pediatric interventions. Part VIII - Profiles of specific disorders: profiles in valvular heart disease; profiles in coronary artery disease; profiles in pulmonary embolism; profiles in dilated (congestive) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies; profiles in constrictive pericarditis, restrictive cardiomyopathy, and cardiac tamponade; profiles in congenital heart disease; profiles in aortic and peripheral vascular disease.