Crystal Growth Processes Based on Capillarity (eBook)

Thierry Duffar is professor at Grenoble Polytechnic Institute (France) where he received his PhD in chemical engineering. Professor Duffar is a member of various scientific committees including the International Organization of Crystal Growth and the International Union of Crystallography and he was chair of the organizing committee for 14th International Conference on Crystal Growth in Grenoble in 2004. Professor Duffar is the (co)author of more than 100 publications in refereed scientific journals. His current research interests include the electromagnetic processing of materials, the effect of electromagnetic and gravity fields on crystal growth processes, studies on structural defect generation in materials and the means to control them and the elaboration of photovoltaic silicon.

Preface

Acknowledgements

Nomenclature

List of Contributors

1. Basic Principles of Capillarity in Relation with Crystal Growth

N. Eustathopoulos and B. Drevet

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Definitions

1.3 Contact Angles

1.4 Growth angles

Acknowledgments

References

2. Shape Stability in Capillary Crystal Growth as Possibility and Practical Realization of Shaped Crystals

V. A. Tatartchenko

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Crucible-less Crystal Growth - Capillary Shaping Techniques (CST)

2.3 Dynamic Stability of Crystallization- the Basis of Shaped Crystal Growth by CST

2.4 Stability Analysis and Growth of Shaped Crystals by the Cz Technique

2.5 Stability Analysis and Growth of Shaped Crystals by the Verneuil technique

2.5. Stability Analysis and Growth of Shaped Crystals by the FZ Technique

2.6. TPS-Capillary Shaping

2.7 Brief presentation of shaped Ge, sapphire, Si, and Metal growth

2.8 TPS Peculiarities

References

3 Czochralski Process Dynamics and Control Design

Jan Winkler, Michael Neubert, Joachim Rudolph, Ning Duanmu and Michael Gevelber

3.1 Introduction and motivation

3.2 Czochralski control approaches

3.3 Mathematical model

3.4 Process Dynamics Analysis for Control

3.5 Conventional control design

3.6 Geometry based nonlinear control design

3.7 Advanced Techniques

References

4 Floating Zone Crystal Growth

Anke Lüdge, Helge Riemann, Michael Wünscher, Günter Behr, Wolfgang Löser, Andris Muiznieks and Arne Cröll

4.1 Introduction

4.2 FZ Processes with RF Heating

4.3 Floating Zone Growth with Optical Heating

4.4 Numerical Analysis of the Needle-eye Floating Zone Process

References

5 Shaped Crystal Growth

V. N. Kurlov, S. N. Rossolenko, N. V. Abrosimov and K. Lebbou

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Shaped Silicon

5.3 Sapphire Shaped Crystal Growth

5.4. Shaped crystals grown by micro-pulling down technique (µ-PD)

5.5 Conclusions

References

6 Vertical Bridgman and Dewetting

Thierry Duffar and Lamine Sylla

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Peculiarities and Drawbacks of the Bridgman Processes

6.3 Full Encapsulation

6.4 The Dewetting Process: a Modified Vertical Bridgman Technique

6.5 Conclusion and Outlook

References

7 Marangoni Convection in Crystal Growth

Arne Cröll, Taketoshi Hibiya, Suguru Shiratori, Koichi Kakimoto and Lijun Liu

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Thermocapillary Convection in Float Zones

7.3 Thermocapillary Convection in Czochralski Crystal Growth of Silicon

7.4 Thermocapillary Convection in EFG Setups

7.5 Thermocapillary Convection in Bridgman and Related setups

7.6 Solutocapillary Convection

References

8 Mathematical and Numerical Analysis of Capillarity Problems and Processes

Liliana Braescu, Simona Epure, Thierry Duffar

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Mathematical formulation of the capillary problem

8.3 Analytical and numerical solutions for the meniscus equation in the case of Cz method

8.4 Analytical and numerical solutions for the meniscus equation in the case of the EFG method

8.5 Analytical and numerical solutions for the meniscus equation in the case of Dewetted Bridgman method

8.6 Conclusions

Appendix

References

Index

"Although the book will be of the greatest value to crystal growers, both novices and experts, it should also prove useful to any materials scientist or engineer concerned with problems requiring an understanding of solid-molten liquid interfaces." (Materials World, 1 July 2011)

"This book covers all crystal growth techniques and explains why and how they are dependent on liquid surface phenomena, or capillarity, combing a good balance of theory and experimental techniques." (Materials World, 1 March 2011)