Crystal–Liquid–Gas Phase Transitions and Thermodynamic Similarity

Vladimir P. Skripov has been working as a senior lecturer, professor, and dean of the Physico-Technical Faculty of the Ural Polytechnical Institute and from 1972 was a Director at the Ural Science Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. A thermophysical school has been formed under his guidance in 1988. At present he is adviser of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Thermal Physics, Ekaterinburg). Professor Skripov is a laureate of the State Prize in the field of science and technology. Mars Z. Faizullin studied physics at the Ural Polytechnical Institute of Ekaterinburg, Russia. His research focuses on the experiment and theory of phase transitions and phase metastability in one- and multicomponent systems. Since 1975 he has been working at the Institute of Thermal Physics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Ekaterinburg where he accepted the post of Deputy Director in 2002.

Foreword.1 Introduction.1.1 Basic Aims and Methods.1.2 States of Aggregation. Phase Diagrams and the Clausius-Clapeyron Equation.1.3 Metastable States. Relaxation via Nucleation.1.4 Phase Transformations in a Metastable Phase. Homogeneous Nucleation.2 Liquid-Gas Phase Transitions.2.1 BasicFact: ExistenceofaCriticalPoint.2.2 Method of Thermodynamic Similarity.2.3 Similarity Near the Critical Point: The Change of Critical Indices.2.4 New Universal Relationships for Liquid-Vapor Phase Coexistence in One-Component Systems.2.4.1 Correlation Between Pressure and Densities of Liquid and Vapor Along the Saturation Curve.2.4.2 Correlation Between Caloric Properties and Densities of Liquid and VaporAlongtheSaturationCurve.2.4.3 Correlation Between Surface Tension and Heat of Evaporation of Nonassociated Liquids.2.4.4 One-Parameter Correlation for the Heat of Evaporation of NonassociatedLiquids.3 Crystal-Liquid Phase Transitions.3.1 The Behavior of the Crystal-Liquid Equilibrium Curve at High Pressures.3.2 Experimental Methods of Investigation of Melting of Substances at High Pressure.3.3 Application of Similarity Methods for a Description of Melting.3.4 The Extension of the Melting Curve into the Range of Negative Pressures and the Scaling of Thermodynamic Parameters.3.5 Internal Pressure in a Liquid Along the Equilibrium Curves with Crystal and Vapor.3.6 Stability of Thermodynamic States and the Metastable Continuation of the Melting Curves.3.7 The Behavior of the Viscosity of a Liquid Along the Coexistence Curve with the Crystalline Phase.3.8 The Behavior of Volume and Entropy Jumps Along the Melting Curve.3.9 The Surface Tension of Simple Liquids Along the Melting Curve.3.10 Correlations Between Thermodynamic Properties Characterizing Melting.3.11 Melting and Crystallization of Small Particles.3.11.1 Thermodynamic Aspects.3.11.2 KineticAspects.4 Phase Transitions in Solutions.4.1 Generalized Clausius-Clapeyron Equation for Solutions.4.2 Application of the Generalized Clausius-Clapeyron Equation for the Plot of thePhaseDiagrams.4.3 Thermodynamic Correlations for Phase-Separating Solutions.4.4 Experimental Studies of Phase-Separating Solutions.4.5 Thermodynamic Similarity of Phase-Separating Binary Solutions with Upper Critical Dissolution Temperature.4.6 Thermodynamic Similarity of Phase-Separating Binary Solutions with Lower Critical Dissolution Temperature.4.7 Concluding Remarks.A Appendices.A.1 List of Symbols.A.2 SuperscriptsandSubscripts.References.Index.