Policing's Problems in the Twenty-First Century

Dr. Tom Barker is a former police officer, police academy instructor, college/university instructor and college dean. He is a past president of the Academy of Criminal Justice Studies (ACJS). He has authored or co-authored seventeen books, including 6 that have gone into multiple editions—one nine editions. Dr. Barker is considered a national and international expert in several areas: law enforcement practices, including reform, and adult criminal gangs—street, prison and outlaw motorcycle gangs. Since his retirement from college teaching in 2000, he has devoted his time to full-time writing and research.

Part I: The Genesis

Preface: Looking in the Rear View Mirror

First Attempt at Police Deviance Classification

Intersection of Occupational and Organizational Factors: Workplace Setting

Policing’s Dark Side

Chapter 1: Overview of Police Deviance

Introduction

Local American Policework Misconduct, Malfeasance, and Homicide

Police Misconduct is a Social Justice Issue

American Police Reform

Conclusion

Discussion Questions

Chapter 2: Policing’s Paradox

Evolution of Policing

The Development of American Policing

Code of Ethics Violated from the Beginning

Conclusion

Discussion Questions

Part II: Types and Patterns of Police Deviance: Police Misconduct

Chapter 3: Police Sexual Misconduct: The Sleazy Blue Line

Police Sexual Misconduct: The Sleazy Blue Line

Typology of American Police Sexual Misconduct

Conclusion

Discussion Questions

Chapter 4: Police Misconduct: Police Lying

Opening Vignette: Justice Game

Police Lying is Normal Police Behavior

Police Lying in Historical Context

American Policing and Police Lying

Categories of Police Lies

Dealing With Cops with Known Credibility Problems

Conclusion

Discussion Questions

Chapter 5: Wrongful Convictions: False Confessions and Official Misconduct

False Confessions Resulting from Police Torture

The American Accusatory Interrogation System: Through the Guilt-Presumptive Lens

Wrongful Convictions

Conclusion

Discussion Questions

Chapter 6: Expanding Police Misconduct: Misuse of Confidential Information, Identity Theft, and Stealing Time

Misuse of Confidential Information

American Crime Sharing Database Misuse

Identity Theft by Law Enforcement Officers

Police Misconduct: Stealing Time

Conclusion

Discussion Questions

Part III: Police Corruption and Criminal Law Enforcement Officers: Malfeasance

Chapter 7: Rule Breaking Cops: Malfeasance

Patterns of Police Corruption

Conclusion

Discussion Question

Chapter 8: Criminal Cops: When the Bad Guys Wear Badges

A Brief History of American Criminal Cops

Police Graft in America: The Beginning

American Systematic Police Corruption and Crime in the 1970s and 1980s

What is the Nature and Extent of American Police Crimes?

Conclusion

Discussion Questions

Chapter 9: BTTB Killer Cops and Criminal Cop Drug Dealers

Criminal Cops: An Historical Fact

National and International Police Occupational Problems

Killer Cops: Law Enforcement-caused Homicides

Drug-Related Criminal Cops

Conclusion: What Do We Know, If Anything, about Criminal Cops

Discussion Questions

Chapter 10: Federal and Corrections Law Enforcement Occupational or Workplace Deviance

Corrections Agencies and Corrections Officers

Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

Discussion Questions

Chapter 11: Twenty-First Century American Policing

American Policework Occupation

Twenty-First Century American Policing Behavior

Déjà Vu all over Again

Conclusion

References

Index

About the Author