The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol

Professor Andreas Zimmermann is Professor of Law, University of Potsdam and Director of the Potsdam Centre of Human Rights; Dr. jur. (Heidelberg), LL.M. (Harvard); former Member of the German delegation to the Preparatory Committee and the United Nations Diplomatic Conference on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court, and of the UN Human Rights Committee; member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration; counsel in various cases before the ICJ; former judge ad hoc at the European Court of Human Rights; arbitrator under the annex to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties; member of the advisory board on international law of the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs; co-editor, inter alia, of The Statute of the International Court of Justice: A Commentary (Oxford University Press, 3rd edition, 2019). Professor Terje Einarsen is Professor of Law at University of Bergen (Norway) and Senior Research Associate, SOAS University of London. He holds a Ph.D. (Dr Juris) from the University of Bergen and a master's degree (LL.M.) from Harvard Law School. He is also a lawyer and member of the Norwegian Bar Association with permanent permission to appear before the Supreme Court. Einarsen was formerly a judge for ten years at the general Gulating High Court for the Western parts of Norway, and Head of the Human Rights Committee, Norwegian Judges' Association. He has also served as a permanent member of the Grand Chamber, Immigration Board of Appeals. He is chairperson of International Commission of Jurists, the Norwegian section (ICJ Norway) since 2018. Franziska M. Herrmann is a PhD candidate at the University of Potsdam, working in the context of the Berlin Potsdam Research Group "The International Rule of Law - Rise or Decline?". She studied law at the University of Potsdam and Bergen and holds a Bachelor of Law, as well as the German First State Examination.

Filippo Grandi: Foreword
1: Claudena Skran and Evan Easton-Calabria: Historical Development of International Refugee Law
2: Terje Einarsen: Drafting History of the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol
3: Jane McAdam and Emma Dunlop: Interpretation of the 1951 Convention
4: Terje Einarsen and Jessica Schultz: Global Developments in Refugee Law
5: Anja Klug: Regional Developments: Europe
6: Sam Blay: Regional Developments: Asia
7: Jacob van Garderen: Regional developments: Africa
8: Flávia Piovesan, Liliana Lyra Jubilut and Melissa Casagrande: Regional developments: Americas
9: Ralf Alleweldt: Preamble to the 1951 Convention
10: Ralf Alleweldt: Preamble to the 1967 Protocol
11: Ralf Alleweldt: Final Act
12: Stefanie Schmahl: Art. 1 A, para. 1 1951 Convention
13: Andreas Zimmermann and Franziska M. Herrmann: Art. 1 A, para. 2 1951 Convention
14: Stefanie Schmahl: Art. 1 B 1951 Convention
15: Susan Kneebone and Maria O'Sullivan: Art. 1 C 1951 Convention
16: Mutaz Qafisheh and Francesca Albanese: Art. 1 D 1951 Convention
17: Yao Li: Art. 1 E 1951 Convention
18: Joseph Rikhof and Philipp Wennholz: Art. 1 F 1951 Convention
19: Stefanie Schmahl: Art. 1 1967 Protocol
20: Hélène Lambert: Art. 2 1951 Convention
21: Mpoki Mwakagali and Reinhard Marx: Art. 3 1951 Convention
22: Christian Walter: Art. 4 1951 Convention
23: Achilles Skordas and Meltem Ineli-Ciger: Art. 5 1951 Convention
24: Mpoki Mwakagali and Reinhard Marx: Art. 6 1951 Convention
25: Achilles Skordas and Meltem Ineli-Ciger: Art. 7 1951 Convention
26: Ulrike Davy and Rebecca Thorburn Stern: Art. 8 1951 Convention
27: Ulrike Davy and Rebecca Thorburn Stern: Art. 9 1951 Convention
28: Stefanie Schmahl: Art. 10 1951 Convention
29: Roland Bank: Art. 11 1951 Convention
30: Rainer Hofmann, Adela Schmidt and Lssan Estifanos: Refugee Determination Procedures
31: Roland Bank: Refugees at Sea
32: Eileen Denza: Diplomatic Asylum
33: Axel Metzger: Art. 12 1951 Convention
34: Scott Leckie and Ezekiel Simperingham: Art. 13 1951 Convention
35: Axel Metzger: Art. 14 1951 Convention
36: Michael Teichmann: Art. 15 1951 Convention
37: Björn Elberling and Rebecca Thorburn Stern: Art. 16 1951 Convention
38: Alice Edwards: Art. 17 1951 Convention
39: Alice Edwards: Art. 18 1951 Convention
40: Alice Edwards: Art. 19 1951 Convention
41: Eve Lester: Art. 20 1951 Convention
42: Scott Leckie and Ezekiel Simperingham: Art. 21 1951 Convention
43: Andreas Zimmermann and Rebecca Thorburn Stern: Art. 22 1951 Convention
44: Eve Lester: Art. 23 1951 Convention
45: Eve Lester: Art. 24 1951 Convention
46: Eve Lester: Art. 25 1951 Convention
47: Marjoleine Zieck: Art. 26 1951 Convention
48: Jens Vedsted-Hansen: Art. 27 1951 Convention
49: Jens Vedsted-Hansen: Art. 28/Schedule
50: Boldizsár Nagy: Art. 29 1951 Convention
51: Boldizsár Nagy: Art. 30 1951 Convention
52: Gregor Noll: Art. 31 1951 Convention
53: Ulrike Davy and María-Teresa Gil-Bazo: Art. 32 1951 Convention
54: Walter Kälin, Martina Caroni and Lukas Heim: Art. 33, para. 1 1951 Convention
55: Philipp Wennholz and Joseph Rikhof: Art. 33, para. 2 1951 Convention
56: Reinhard Marx and Yao Li: Art. 34 1951 Convention
57: Marjoleine Zieck: Art. 35 1951 Convention/Article II 1967 Protocol
58: Stefanie Schmahl: Art. 36 1951 Convention/Article III 1967 Protocol, Marjoleine Zieck59:Art. 37 1951 Convention
60: Karin Oellers-Frahm: Art. 38 1951 Convention/Article IV 1967 Protocol
61: Robin Geiß and Yao Li: Art. 39 1951 Convention/Article V 1967 Protocol
62: María-Teresa Gil-Bazo: Art. 40 1951 Convention
63: María-Teresa Gil-Bazo: Art. 41 1951 Convention/Article VI 1967 Protocol
64: Alain Pellet: Art. 42 1951 Convention/Article VII 1967 Protocol
65: Robin Geiß and Yao Li: Art. 43 1951 Convention/Article VIII 1967 Protocol
66: Robin Geiß and Yao Li: Art. 44 1951 Convention/Article IX 1967 Protocol
67: Terje Einarsen: Art. 45 1951 Convention
68: Robin Geiß and Yao Li: Art. 46 1951 Convention/Article X 1967 Protocol
69: Robin Geiß and Yao Li: Testemonium 1951 Convention/Article XI 1967 Protocol