The Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology

Miranda Fricker is presidential professor of philosophy at The Graduate Center, City University of New York. Her research is primarily in ethics and social epistemology with a special interest in virtue and feminist perspectives. She is the author of Epistemic Injustice: Power and the Ethics of Knowing (2007); co-author of Reading Ethics: Selected Texts with Interactive Commentary (2009); and co-editor of a number of edited collections, the most recent of which is The Epistemic Life of Groups: Essays in the Epistemology of Collectives (2016). She is an associate editor of the Journal of the American Philosophical Association and a fellow of the British Academy. Peter J. Graham is professor of philosophy and linguistics at the University of California, Riverside, where he also served as associate dean for arts and humanities. He specializes in epistemology and related areas in the philosophies of psychology, biology, and the social sciences. He is associate editor of the Journal of the American Philosophical Association and the co-editor of Epistemic Entitlement (2019). David Henderson is Robert R. Chambers distinguished professor of philosophy at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. He teaches and writes primarily in the fields of epistemology and the philosophy of the social sciences. He is the co-author, with Terry Horgan, of The Epistemological Spectrum: At the Interface of Cognitive Science and Conceptual Analysis (2011) and co-editor, with John Greco, of Epistemic Evaluation: Point and Purpose in Epistemology (2015). Nikolaj J. L. L. Pedersen is associate professor of philosophy at Underwood International College, Yonsei University, and is the founding director of the Veritas Research Center, also at Yonsei University. He is co-editor of New Waves in Truth (2010), Truth and Pluralism: Current Debates (2013), Epistemic Pluralism (2017), and Epistemic Entitlement (2019).

Table of Contents

Notes on Contributors

Introduction

Part 1: Historical Backgrounds to Social Epistemology






On the background of social epistemology
David Henderson




The What, Why, and How of Social Epistemology
Alvin I. Goldman




The twin roots and branches of social epistemology
Finn Collin




The Philosophical Origins of Classical Sociology of Knowledge
Stephen Turner




Kuhn and the History of Science
K. Brad Wray




The Naturalized Turn in Epistemology: Engineering for Truth-Seeking
Chase Wrenn



Part 2: The Epistemology of Testimony




Counterexamples to Testimonial Transmission
Peter J. Graham and Zachary Bachman




Trust and Reputation as Filtering Mechanisms of Knowledge
Gloria Origgi




Socially Distributed Cognition and the Epistemology of Testimony
Joseph Shieber




Assurance views of testimony
Philip J. Nickel




Testimonial Knowledge: Understanding the Evidential, Uncovering the Interpersonal
Melissa A. Koenig & Benjamin McMyler




The Epistemology of Expertise
Carlo Martini




Moral Testimony
Laura F. Callahan




Testimony and Grammatical Evidentials
Peter van Elswyk



Part 3: Disagreement, Diversity and Relativism




Epistemic Disagreement, Diversity and Relativism
J. Adam Carter




The Epistemic Significance of Diversity
Kristina Rolin




Epistemic Relativism
Michael P. Lynch




Epistemic Peer Disagreement
Filippo Ferrari & Nikolaj J. L. L. Pedersen




Religious Diversity and Disagreement
Matthew Benton




Epistemology without Borders: Epistemological Thought Experiments and Intuitions in Cross-Cultural Contexts
Eric Kerr



Part 4: Science and Social Epistemology

Overview: on Science and Social Epistemology

David Henderson




The Sociology of Science and Social Constructivism
Michael Lynch




The Social Epistemology of Consensus and Dissent
Boaz Miller




Modeling epistemic communities
Samuli Reijula and Jaakko Kuorikoski




Feminist Philosophy of Science as Social Epistemology
Sharon Crasnow

Part 5: The Epistemology of Groups




The Epistemology of Groups
Deborah P. Tollefsen




Group Belief and Knowledge
Alexander Bird




The Reflexive Social Epistemology of Human Rights
Allen Buchanan





Part 6: Feminist Epistemology




Feminist Epistemology
Heidi Grasswick




Race and Gender and Epistemologies of Ignorance
Linda M. Alcoff




Implicit Bias and Prejudice
Jules Holroyd & Kathy Puddifoot




Epistemic Justice and Injustice
Nancy Daukas




Standpoint Then and Now
Alessandra Tanesini




Sympathetic Knowledge and the Scientific Attitude: Classic Pragmatist Resources for Feminist Social Epistemology
Shannon Dea & Matthew Silk

Part 7: The Epistemology of Democracy




The Epistemology of Democracy: An Overview
Robert B. Talisse




Pragmatism and Epistemic Democracy
Eva Erman & Niklas Möller




Epistemic Proceduralism
Michael Fuerstein




Jury Theorems
Franz Dietrich & Kai Spiekermann




The epistemic role of science and expertise in liberal democracy
Klemens Kappel & Julie Zahle




The Epistemic Benefits of Democracy: A Critical Assessment
Kristoffer Ahlstrom-Vij





Part 8: Further Horizons for Social Epistemology




Social Epistemology, Descriptive and Normative
Sanford C. Goldberg




Epistemic Norms as Social Norms
David Henderson & Peter J. Graham




Educating for Good Questioning as a Democratic Skill
Lani Watson




Intellectual Virtues, Critical Thinking, and the Aims of Education
Jason Baehr




Computational Models in Social Epistemology
Igor Douven




Epistemology and Climate Change

David Coady