Hate Crimes

Phyllis B. Gerstenfeld has a BA in psychology from Reed College, an MA and a PhD in psychology from the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, and a JD from the University of Nebraska. She is a professor and chair of Criminal Justice at California State University, Stanislaus, where she has taught a class on hate crimes since 1994. In addition to hate crimes, her research interests include juvenile justice, capital punishment, and psychology and law.

Preface
Second Edition Preface
Third Edition Preface
Fourth Edition Preface
Acknowledgments
1. The Whys and Hows of Hate Crime Laws
Overview of This Book
Goals of This Book
Punishing Hate Before Hate Crime Laws
Arguments for Having Hate Crime Laws
The Birth of Hate Crimes
Hate Crime Laws Today
Hate Speech
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
Suggested Readings
2. The Hate Debate: Constitutional and Policy Problems
Hate Crime Laws and the Constitution
Which Groups Should Be Protected?
Identifying and Prosecuting Hate Crimes
Paradoxical Effects of Hate Crime Laws
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
Suggested Readings
3. Committing Hate: Who and Why
The Offender Profile
The Psychology of Prejudice
What Makes a Bigot?
Bullying
Hate Crime and Terrorism
Why Do People Join Organized Hate Groups?
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
Suggested Readings
4. Organized Hate
What Is a Hate Group?
Hate Group Typologies
Major American Hate Groups
Hate Group Ideologies
Hate Group Recruitment and Defection
Hate Group Activities
Women in Organized Hate
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
Suggested Readings
5. Hate Crime Victims
Problems in Identifying Hate Crime Victims
Official Hate Crime Data
Advocacy Group Data
Hate Crimes Against African Americans
Anti-Semitic Hate Crimes
Hate Crimes Against LGBT People
Anti-Muslim Hate Crimes
Other Victims
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
Suggested Readings
6. Fighting Hate
The Psychology of Reducing Prejudice
Antihate Groups
Government Initiatives for Fighting Hate
Other Antihate Approaches
Dealing With Hate Crime Offenders
Assessing Efforts to Fight Hate
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
Suggested Readings
7. Global Hate: International Problems and Solutions
Distinguishing Hate Crimes From Other Events
The Narrow Study of Global Hate
The Rise of Nationalism and the Radical Right
Five Countries’ Approaches to Hate Crimes
A Global Hate Network
Policing Hate Across Borders
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
Suggested Readings
8. The Future of Hate
New Research
Better Data Collection
Law Enforcement Responses
Legislation
Globalized Hate
Fighting Hate
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Internet Exercises
Appendix A: Selected International Hate Crime Laws
Appendix B: Selected Resources on Hate Crimes
Appendix C: Film Suggestions
References
Index
About the Author