Switzerland’s Differentiated European Integration (eBook)

Sabine Jenni is an Associated Researcher at ETH Zurich and holds teaching assignments at the University of Lucerne, Switzerland. She also works as a Project Coordinator for artasfoundation.

1. Introduction.- 1.1 Switzerland as a case of differentiated integration.- 1.1.1 Early differentiated integration: The history of the reluctant Europeans.- 1.1.2 At the crossroads: Switzerland re-invents the 'bilateral way'.- 1.1.3 Sectoral agreements: Integration with formal shortcomings.- 1.1.4 The 'autonomous adaptation' policy: A Swiss peculiarity?.- 1.2 Form and function of Switzerland's differentiated integration.- 1.2.1 The quality of Switzerland's integration: Quasi-member or not?.- 1.2.2 The reasons for Switzerland's integration: Theoretical outlier or not?.- 1.3 Connecting the pieces of the puzzle: Overview of the book.- 1.3.1 Measuring Switzerland's differentiated integration empirically.- 1.3.2 Analysing Switzerland's differentiated integration with integration theories.- 1.3.3 Added Value and Limitations of the Proposed Approach.- 1.4 Political Relevance.- 2. Measuring Switzerland’s differentiated integration.- 2.1 Grasping the Puzzle: What is External Differentiated Integration?.- 2.1.1 External differentiated integration as the extension of EU rules.- 2.1.2 The substantive and legal quality of the extension of EU rules.- 2.1.3 What is and what is not differentiated integration.- 2.1.4 The extension of EU rules and the concept of Europeanisation.- 2.2 Gathering empirical data: EU rules in Swiss federal legislation.- 2.2.1 Population: The relevant parts of Swiss federal legislation.- 2.2.2 Units of measurement: EU rules and changes to the Swiss body of law.- 2.2.3 Coding Sources: Legal texts and the EU compatibility examination.- 2.3 Content Analysis: Measuring integration quality.- 2.3.1 Measuring the quality of EU rule extensions in sectoral agreements.- 2.3.2 Measuring the quality of EU rule extensions in domestic legislation.- 2.4 Descriptive results: Hints at substantive integration of a legal outsider.- 2.4.1 Legal charges, federal laws and sectoral agreements responsible for differentiated integration.- 2.4.2 Substantive and legal extension of EU rules over time.- 2.4.3 Substantive and legal extension of EU rules across policy fields.- 2.5 Discussion: Where to go from here.- 3. Institutional dynamics of Switzerland’s differentiated integration.- 3.1 Sectoral agreements: Tension between form and substance.- 3.1.1 Cumbersome negotiations and cumbersome re-negotiations.- 3.1.2 Institutionalised agreement updates.- 3.1.3 Institutional shortcomings: Compensation via domestic legislation? 3.2 Theory: The consequences of incomplete contracts.- 3.2.1 Agreement ambiguities and substantive integration.- 3.2.2 Obligational incompleteness and legal integration.- 3.3 Analysis: Agreement incompleteness and everyday integration.- 3.3.1 Integration quality and frequencies of agreement revisions.- 3.3.2 Integration quality and quality of agreement revisions.- 3.3.3 Agreement qualities and the domestic incorporation of EU rules.- 3.4 Discussion: The relevance of substantive and legal integration qualities.- 4. Political dynamics of Switzerland’s differentiated integration.- 4.1 Existing research in light of liberal intergovernmentalism.- 4.1.1 Domestic integration interests.- 4.1.2 Domestic political impediments and political strategies.- 4.1.3 Negotiations between Switzerland and the EU.- 4.1.4 Institutional choice in external differentiated integration.- 4.2 Hypotheses: What differentiated integration for what needs?.- 4.2.1 Domestic interests and differentiated integration.- 4.2.2 Domestic decision-making and differentiated integration.- 4.2.3 Agreement negotiations and differentiated integration.- 4.2.4 Alternative explanation for the domestic incorporation of EU rules.- 4.2.5 The choice of integration instruments.- 4.3 Bivariate analyses: Integration as a result of package deals.- 4.3.1 The role of economic performance and the scope of EU policies.- 4.3.2 The role of veto points, party positions and issue salience.- 4.3.3 The role of issue linkage and credible commitments in negotiations.- 4.3.4 Domestic incorporation of EU rules as policy learning?.- 4.4.- Multivariate analyses: Integration as a result of the EU policy scope and low issue salience.- 4.4.1 Sectoral agreements.- 4.4.2 Domestic incorporation of EU rules.- 4.4.3 Explanation of substantive integration over time.- 4.5 Discussion: Switzerland's integration compromises.- 5. Conclusion.- 5.1 Switzerland's differentiated integration: Continuity and change since 1990.- 5.1.1 Sectoral agreements: Bilaterals I and II as turning points.- 5.1.2 Domestic incorporation of EU rules: From "autonomous adaptation" to implementation.- 5.2 Switzerland in light of differentiated European integration.- 5.2.1 Quantitative Measurement: New findings and new puzzles.- 5.2.2 Explanation: Applicability of integration theories to non-member states.- 5.2.3 Comparison: Switzerland's place on the map of European integration.- 5.3 "The more it changes, the more it stays the same".- 5.3.1 Is Switzerland the last Gallic village in Europe?.- 5.3.1 Constraining dissensus or permissive consensus?.- 5.4 Political Relevance: Back to Square One?.- 5.4.1 Consequences of the immigration initiative.- 5.4.2 Swiss differentiated integration and Swiss democracy.- Annex.- A Annex Chapter 2.- A.1 Structure of the raw data.- A.2 Variable description.- A.3 Coding rules for the quality of EU rule extensions in sectoral agreements.- A.4 Coding rules for the quality of the incorporation of EU rules into domestic legislation.- A.5 Inter-coder reliability test.- A.6 Sub-chapters of the Classified Compilation of Federal Legislation.- B Annex Chapter 3.- B.1 Descriptive statistics for regression analysis in section 3.3.1.- B.2 Descriptive statistics for regression analysis in section 3.3.2.- B.3 Combining SR sub-chapters of domestic and international law.- B.4 Descriptive statistics for regression analysis in section 3.3.3.- C. Annex Chapter 4.- C.1 Coding of Independent Variables.- C.2 Descriptive Summary Statistic Regression Analyses.- C.3 Multinomial regression results